Simulating dysarthric speech for training data augmentation in clinical speech applications

Training machine learning algorithms for speech applications requires large, labeled training data sets. This is problematic for clinical applications where obtaining such data is prohibitively expensive because of privacy concerns or lack of access. As a result, clinical speech applications are typically developed using small data sets with only tens of speakers. In this paper, we propose a method for simulating training data for clinical applications by transforming healthy speech to dysarthric speech using adversarial training. We evaluate the efficacy of our approach using both objective and subjective criteria. We present the transformed samples to five experienced speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and ask them to identify the samples as healthy or dysarthric. The results reveal that the SLPs identify the transformed speech as dysarthric 65% of the time. In a pilot classification experiment, we show that by using the simulated speech samples to balance an existing dataset, the classification accuracy improves by about 10% after data augmentation.Comment: Will appear in Proc. of ICASSP 201

安全型糖尿病足趾甲修剪钳的研制与应用*

Objective: To evaluate the clinical application effects of new type secure toenail clipper for diabetes patients. Methods: Combining advantages and abandoning shortcomings of common nail clippers and scissors, designed a new type toenail clipper for diabetes patients with abnormal and (or) hard toenails, and applied it in 450 diabetes patients. Results: Easy application with safety and effective pruning. After pruning, the pain and oppression feeling caused by abnormal and (or) hard toenails relieved, and no case had diabetic foot ulcer. Conclusions: The new type secure toenail clipper can effectively reduce the sense of pain and oppression, and decrease the incidence of diabetic foot ulcer.目的  评价安全型糖尿病足趾甲修剪钳的临床应用效果。方法  结合普通指甲钳及剪刀的优点,摒弃缺点，针对糖尿病足顽固趾甲设计一款新型的趾甲修剪钳，应用于450例糖尿病足顽固趾甲患者。结果  操作者施力方便，修剪安全、有效。修剪后患者疼痛感与压迫感减轻，无1例发生糖尿病足溃疡。结论  新型糖尿病足趾甲修剪钳能够有效减轻患者顽固趾甲所致的疼痛感与压迫感，降低糖尿病足溃疡发生率

Prey capture behavior in \u3cem\u3eHeterometrus petersii\u3c/em\u3e (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)

Prey capture by Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpionidae) was observed in the laboratory. The behavior components displayed in prey capture were identified, compiled into a flow chart, analyzed and discussed

Courtship and mating in \u3cem\u3eHeterometrus petersii\u3c/em\u3e (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae)

Courtship and mating in Heterometrus petersii (Thorell, 1876) (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae) was observed in the laboratory. In this paper the behavior components displayed in courtship and mating are identified, analyzed and discussed