La simulazione ad alta fedeltà per la formazione degli studenti di infermieristica: una scoping review della letteratura

human performance in a protected environment, and thanks to the innovation of technologies it has been possible to obtain increasingly realistic performances. The aim of this study is to map and describe the effects of training through a high-fidelity simulation method on the technical and non-technical skills of nursing students in an emergency setting.  METHODS: A scoping review was chosen as research methodology within some main databases of biomedical interest: MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Academic Search Index, Science Citation Index and ERIC.  RESULTS: 530 articles were selected. Of these, 21 met the inclusion criteria and underwent the review process. Participants undergoing the intervention demonstrated better skills than the control group when subjected to a simulation based on realistic scenarios. The selected articles can be divided into two categories: those that focus essentially on non-technical skills and those that study only technical skills.  CONCLUSION: Evidence suggests that HFS should include feedback, briefing and debriefing; it should be applied in every area of nursing education; student self-efficacy, confidence and competence are key principles to consider when measuring the effect of a simulation environment. BACKGROUND: La simulazione ad alta fedeltà può essere definita come una tecnica per affinare specifiche prestazioni umane in un ambiente protetto e, grazie all'innovazione delle tecnologie simulative è stato possibile ottenere prestazioni sempre più realistiche. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di mappare e descrivere gli effetti della simulazione ad alta fedeltà nella formazione universitaria infermieristica sulle abilità tecniche e non tecniche degli studenti in un contesto di emergenza/area critica.  METODO: La metodologia di revisione scelta è stata una scoping review all’interno dei più importanti database di interesse biomedico: MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Academic Search Index, Science Citation Index and ERIC.  RISULTATI: Sono stati selezionati 530 articoli. Di questi, 21 hanno soddisfatto I criteri di inclusione e sono stati sottoposti al processo di revisione. I partecipanti che hanno ricevuto l'intervento hanno dimostrato abilità migliori rispetto al gruppo di controllo quando sottoposti ad una simulazione basata su scenari realistici. Gli articoli selezionati, inoltre, possono essere suddivisi in due categorie: quelli che si concentrano essenzialmente sulle non-technical skills e quelli che studiano solo le technical skills.  CONCLUSIONI: I risultati suggeriscono che l’HFS (High-Fidelity Simulation) dovrebbe includere feedback, briefing e debriefing degli scenari; dovrebbe essere applicato in ogni area della formazione infermieristica; l'autoefficacia, la fiducia e le conoscenze dello studente sono principi chiave da considerare quando si vuole misurare l'effetto di un ambiente di simulazione.&nbsp

Self-Attention Temporal Convolutional Network for Long-Term Daily Living Activity Detection

International audienceIn this paper, we address the detection of daily living activities in long-term untrimmed videos. The detection of daily living activities is challenging due to their long temporal components, low inter-class variation and high intra-class variation. To tackle these challenges, recent approaches based on Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs) have been proposed. Such methods can capture long-term temporal patterns using a hierarchy of temporal convolutional filters, pooling and up sampling steps. However, as one of the important features of con-volutional networks, TCNs process a local neighborhood across time which leads to inefficiency in modeling the long-range dependencies between these temporal patterns of the video. In this paper, we propose Self-Attention-Temporal Convolutional Network (SA-TCN), which is able to capture both complex activity patterns and their dependencies within long-term untrimmed videos. We evaluate our proposed model on DAily Home LIfe Activity Dataset (DAHLIA) and Breakfast datasets. Our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on both DAHLIA and Breakfast dataset

Selective Spatio-Temporal Aggregation Based Pose Refinement System: Towards Understanding Human Activities in Real-World Videos

Taking advantage of human pose data for understanding human activities has attracted much attention these days. However, state-of-the-art pose estimators struggle in obtaining high-quality 2D or 3D pose data due to occlusion, truncation and low-resolution in real-world un-annotated videos. Hence, in this work, we propose 1) a Selective Spatio-Temporal Aggregation mechanism, named SST-A, that refines and smooths the keypoint locations extracted by multiple expert pose estimators, 2) an effective weakly-supervised self-training framework which leverages the aggregated poses as pseudo ground-truth instead of handcrafted annotations for real-world pose estimation. Extensive experiments are conducted for evaluating not only the upstream pose refinement but also the downstream action recognition performance on four datasets, Toyota Smarthome, NTU-RGB+D, Charades, and Kinetics-50. We demonstrate that the skeleton data refined by our Pose-Refinement system (SSTA-PRS) is effective at boosting various existing action recognition models, which achieves competitive or state-of-the-art performance.Comment: WACV202

Modification of Interleukin-15 Serum Levels in Workers Exposed to Chemotherapeutic Agents

Cytostatic anticancer drugs are known as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic risk factors for health care workers occupationally exposed. It has been demonstrated that the administration of interleukin-15 in rat models of colon carcinoma protects against chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicities. We found that occupational exposure to chemotherapeutic antiblastic agents in vivo modified circulating levels of interleukin-15 in 17 health care workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs in relation to their jobs and in as many healthy age- and sex-matched subjects. Health care workers displayed significantly higher circulating interleukin-15 levels compared to their age-matched controls. If this increase representing an anticancer response remains to be established, these findings strengthen the idea of a therapeutic use of interleukin-15 in the field of cancer

Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in patients affected by Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A dysregulation of the redox homoeostasis has been reported in various neoplastic disorders. Malondialdehyde/4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (MDA/HNE) and protein carbonyl groups represent in vivo indexes of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, respectively, suitable to investigate radical-mediated physio-pathological conditions. We evaluated MDA/HNE and protein carbonyl groups in sera of untreated Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients in advanced disease stages, in order to quantify the oxidative stress. HL patients displayed significantly higher levels of both MDA/HNE and protein carbonyl groups as compared with healthy controls. This is the first evidence that a strong increase in HL is one of the most common haematological malignancies, representing approximately 30% of all lymphomas in the circulating protein carbonyl content in HL. These findings may contribute to a better definition of the redox homoeostasis dysregulation in HL