Fundamental Research on the Invention of Breast Support Underwear with a Focus on Women\u27s Comfort

The purpose of this study was to establish a system for measuring breast underling pressure, evaluate the degree of sustained underling pressure, and verify basic data on the breast lifting distance to improve it. We measured the lifting distance and force at which 24 adult women felt comfortable when their breasts were lifted with an uncovered cloth. The results revealed that the larger the breast size, the greater the pull-up distance and the wider the lifting distance perceived as comfortable. The validity of the measurement method in this study was determined to be useful for the measurement of breast ptosis pressure and breast ptosis position because the measurement was performed at least three times per participant, and the error was small. In the future, we would like to clarify the type of brassiere that supports the breast and gives women a sense of comfort

RB1CC1 Together with RB1 and p53 Predicts Long-Term Survival in Japanese Breast Cancer Patients

RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1) plays a significant role in the enhancement of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB1) pathway and is involved in breast cancer development. However, RB1CC1's role in clinical progression of breast cancer has not yet been evaluated, so, as a first step, it is necessary to establish its usefulness as a tool to evaluate breast cancer patients. In this report, we have analyzed the correlation between abnormalities in the RB1CC1 pathway and long-term prognosis, because disease-specific death in later periods (>5 years) of the disease is a serious problem in breast cancer. Breast cancer tissues from a large cohort in Japan were evaluated by conventional immunohistochemical methods for the presence of the molecules involved in the RB1CC1 pathway, including RB1CC1, RB1, p53, and other well-known prognostic markers for breast cancer, such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. The correlation between the immunohistochemical results and clinical outcomes of 323 breast cancer patients was analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Absence of nuclear RB1CC1 expression was associated with the worst prognosis (Log-rank test, Chi-Square value = 17.462, p<0.0001). Dysfunction of either one of RB1CC1, RB1, or p53 was associated with the highest risk for cancer-specific death, especially related to survival lasting more than 5 years (multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio = 3.951, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.566–9.967, p = 0.0036). Our present data demonstrate that the combined evaluation of RB1CC1, RB1 and p53 by conventional immunohistochemical analysis provides an accurate prediction of the long-term prognoses of breast cancer patients, which can be carried out as a routine clinical examination

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Fundamental Research on the Invention of Breast Support Underwear with a Focus on Women’s Comfort

The purpose of this study was to establish a system for measuring breast underling pressure, evaluate the degree of sustained underling pressure, and verify basic data on the breast lifting distance to improve it. We measured the lifting distance and force at which 24 adult women felt comfortable when their breasts were lifted with an uncovered cloth. The results revealed that the larger the breast size, the greater the pull-up distance and the wider the lifting distance perceived as comfortable. The validity of the measurement method in this study was determined to be useful for the measurement of breast ptosis pressure and breast ptosis position because the measurement was performed at least three times per participant, and the error was small. In the future, we would like to clarify the type of brassiere that supports the breast and gives women a sense of comfort

ニホン ニ オケル ニュウボウ シタギ ノ レキシテキ ヘンセン : ニュウボウ ケア ノ イミ オ フクム ブラジャー

【背景と目的】乳房ケアの担い手である助産師は、ケア用品としての乳房下着に関する研究に取り組んでこなかった。ブラジャーとしての定着とケア用品としての歴史的変遷を明らかとし、ブラジャーの意味について再考することを目的に文献研究に取り組んだ。【方法】2019年5月～9月、国立国会図書館デジタルコレクションにて関連書物を検索し、研究目的に該当する35文献を調査対象とした。【結果】乳房下着は、乳房を隠すことを目的に女性は着用していたが、社会進出によるライフスタイルの変化や洋装の定着により、乳房を美しく見せるための役割として変化していった。1800年頃(寛政12年頃)は、ブラジャーに乳房を支持する機能はなかったが、授乳期女性にとって、乳房の締め付けは乳汁産生と分泌を妨げることが理解されていた。1880年頃(明治13年頃)には、妊娠期女性のために、乳房を支えることは良いとされていたが、マタニティブラジャーが誕生したのは、70年後の1950年代(昭和25年)であった。【考察】女性が着用する乳房下着は、女性性の象徴として乳房を美しくみせるといった印象が時代とともに先行し、母乳栄養を行う女性のケア用品としての意味は、欠如していたことが示唆された。助産師として、授乳する女性のためのケア用品として、乳房変化に合わせた望ましいブラジャーの機能特性の見解を世に出すべく、研究に取り組んでいく必要性がある

Fundamental Research on the Invention of Breast Support Underwear with a Focus on Women's Comfort

The purpose of this study was to establish a system for measuring breast underling pressure, evaluate the degree of sustained underling pressure, and verify basic data on the breast lifting distance to improve it. We measured the lifting distance and force at which 24 adult women felt comfortable when their breasts were lifted with an uncovered cloth. The results revealed that the larger the breast size, the greater the pull-up distance and the wider the lifting distance perceived as comfortable. The validity of the measurement method in this study was determined to be useful for the measurement of breast ptosis pressure and breast ptosis position because the measurement was performed at least three times per participant, and the error was small. In the future, we would like to clarify the type of brassiere that supports the breast and gives women a sense of comfort

Carbon Ion Irradiation Suppresses Metastatic Potential of Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells through the Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway

We previously showed that carbon ion irradiation can inhibit the expression of the anillin (ANLN) gene, which is regulated by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling path- way associated with metastasis. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of carbon ion irradia- tion on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to those of photon irradiation. Our study showed that carbon ion irradiation of human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 decreased their invasion more effectively than pho- ton irradiation did. We found that carbon ion irradiation reduced the nuclear localization of ANLN at lower dose, but did not affect its expression. Low-dose carbon ion irradiation also reduced the level of phosphorylated Akt compared to untreated controls, whereas photon irradiation did not. These results sug- gest that carbon ion irradiation effectively suppresses the metastatic potential of A549 cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway