Results from univariate and multivariate logistic regression models assessing risk factors associated with starting ART vs. not starting ART among eligible patients, stratified by clinic.

<p>AOR – adjusted odds ratio from multivariate models adjusted for all other included factors.</p>*<p>p<0.05;</p>**<p>p<0.01,</p>***<p>p<0.001. 95% CI presented in parenthesis.</p>Þ<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p

Comparison of ART eligible patients who started and did not start ART, by clinic.

<p>Results from chi-square tests of associations within clinic.</p>Þ<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p>□<p>row percentages.</p>*<p>Included in WHO 3 or WHO 4.</p

Descriptive statistics of all eligible patients, by clinic.

*<p>unless otherwise specified;</p>**<p>Through June 30, 2011;</p>***<p>Included in WHO 3 or WHO 4.</p

Flow chart of patient population characteristics retained in the study.

<p>Flow chart of patient population characteristics retained in the study.</p

Pooled health worker responses.

<p>Numbers correspond with percent of respondents.</p

Assessing infection control practices to protect health care workers and patients in Malawi from nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

<div><p>Transmission of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (TB) in health settings threatens health care workers and people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Nosocomial transmission is reduced with implementation of infection control (IC) guidelines. The objective of this study is to describe implementation of TB IC measures in Malawi. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing anonymous health worker questionnaires, semi-structured interviews with facility managers, and direct observations at 17 facilities in central Malawi. Of 592 health care workers surveyed, 34% reported that all patients entering the facility were screened for cough and only 8% correctly named the four most common signs and symptoms of TB in adults. Of 33 managers interviewed, 7 (21%) and 1 (3%) provided the correct TB screening questions for use in adults and children, respectively. Of 592 health workers, only 2.4% had been screened for TB in the previous year. Most (90%) reported knowing their HIV status, 53% were tested at their facility of employment, and half reported they would feel comfortable receiving ART or TB treatment at their facility of employment. We conclude that screening is infrequently conducted and knowledge gaps may undercut its effectiveness. Further, health care workers do not routinely access TB and HIV diagnostic and treatment services at their facility of employment.</p></div

Additional file 1: of The effectiveness of interventions to improve uptake and retention of HIV-infected pregnant and breastfeeding women and their infants in prevention of mother-to-child transmission care programs in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ovid MEDLINE search strategy. (DOC 39 kb

Pooled health worker responses.

<p>Numbers correspond with percent of respondents.</p

Characteristics of HCW respondents (N = 592).

<p>Characteristics of HCW respondents (N = 592).</p

Additional file 2: of Integrating depression management into HIV primary care in central Malawi: the implementation of a pilot capacity building program

“Mental Health Mastercard” The clinical form used by providers to capture mental health screening and treatment data. (DOCX 113 kb