1 research outputs found
Antioxidant Defense and Hepatoprotection by Procyanidins from Almond (Prunus amygdalus) Skins
Procyanidins,
polymeric flavan-3-ols, are known to possess antioxidant,
antiatherogenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. In the present study,
we investigated the role of almond (Prunus amygdalus) skin procyanidins (ASP) in regulating the protein expression of
phase II detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes in HepG2 cells and acetaminophen
(APAP)-treated hepatotoxic mice. Treatments of ASP significantly induced
the expression of phase II enzymes including NAD(P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase
1, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the
cells and mice. ASP also potently enhanced the expression of nuclear
factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and antioxidant response element
(ARE)-reporter gene activity in vitro. APAP-induced hepatotoxic markers
including AST and ALT in mice were inhibited by ASP administration.
However, regulation of upstream kinases by ASP was different between
in vitro and in vivo models. Collectively, ASP could induce the activation
of Nrf2/ARE-mediated phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes but
with differential regulation on upstream kinases between in vitro
and in vivo