1,146 research outputs found
Frequency Dependent Lags - A Common Phenomenon of Accreting Sources
The Fourier frequency dependent hard X-ray lag, first discovered from the
analysis of aperiodic variability of the light curves of the black hole
candidate Cygnus X-1, turns out to be a property shared by several other
accreting compact sources. We show that the lag can be explained in terms of
Comptonization process in coronae of hot electrons with inhomogeneous density
distributions. The density profile of a corona, like the optical depth and
electron temperature, can significantly affect the Comptonization energy
spectrum from it. This means, by fitting the energy spectrum alone, it is not
possible to uniquely determine the optical depth and temperature of the
Comptonization cloud if its density profile is unknown. The hard X-ray time lag
is sensitive to the density distribution of the scattering corona. Thus
simultaneous analysis of the spectral and temporal X-ray data will allow us to
probe the density structure of the Comptonizing corona and thereby the dynamics
of mass accretion onto the compact object.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Tex file, using AIP Proceedings macro, submitted
to Proceedings of the 8th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland
(Dec. 15, 1997
Probing the Structure of Accreting Compact Sources Through X-Ray Time Lags and Spectra
We exhibit, by compiling all data sets we can acquire, that the Fourier
frequency dependent hard X-ray lags, first observed in the analysis of
aperiodic variability of the light curves of the black hole candidate Cygnus
X-1, appear to be a property shared by several other accreting black hole
candidate sources and also by the different spectral states of this source. We
then present both analytic and numerical models of these time lags resulting by
the process of Comptonization in a variety of hot electron configurations. We
argue that under the assumption that the observed spectra are due to
Comptonization, the dependence of the lags on the Fourier period provides a
means for mapping the spatial density profile of the hot electron plasma, while
the period at which the lags eventually level--off provides an estimate of the
size of the scattering cloud. We further examine the influence of the location
and spatial extent of the soft photon source on the form of the resulting lags
for a variety of configurations; we conclude that the study of the X-ray hard
lags can provide clues about these parameters of the Comptonization process
too. Fits of the existing data with our models indicate that the size of the
Comptonizing clouds are quite large in extent ( 1 light second) with
inferred radial density profiles which are in many instances inconsistent with
those of the standard dynamical models, while the extent of the source of soft
photons appears to be much smaller than those of the hot electrons by roughly
two orders of magnitude and its location consistent with the center of the hot
electron corona.Comment: 20 pages Latex, 11 postscript figures, to appear in the Astrophysical
Journal, Vol 512, Feb 20 issu
Excited baryons and fine structure of strong interaction
The heavy baryon system bounded by the strong interaction has a rich internal
structure, so its mass spectra can have the fine structure similar to the line
spectra of atom bounded by the electromagnetic interaction. We systematically
study the internal structure of -wave baryons and calculate their
-wave decay properties. The present study, together with our previous
studies on their mass spectra and -wave decay properties, suggest that all
the four excited baryons recently discovered by LHCb can be well
explained as -wave baryons, and their beautiful fine structure is
directly related to the rich internal structure of -wave baryons.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, published in EPJ
QCD sum rule studies on the tetraquark states with
We apply the method of QCD sum rules to study the structure newly
observed by the BESIII Collaboration in the mass spectrum in
2.0-2.1 GeV region in the decay. We
construct all the tetraquark currents with , and use them to perform QCD sum rule analyses. One current leads to
reliable QCD sum rule results and the mass is extracted to be
GeV, suggesting that the structure can be
interpreted as an tetraquark state with .
The can be interpreted as its partner having
, and we propose to search for the other two partners, the tetraquark states with and , in the
, , and
mass spectra.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, suggestions and comments are welcom
Relationships among Life quality, Social Support and Organizational Justice of White-collar Worker
Objective: To explore the relationship of white-collar workers’ life quality, social support and organizational justice. Methods: We used convenient sampling and questionnaire survey in the study. Totally 476 white-collar workers were from Chongqing Yongchuan by convenient sampling, they completed the whoqol-bref scale, perceived social support scale and organizational justice scale. Results: (1) The average score of white-collar workers’ life quality was (87.92±10.87), almost 90% white-collar workers’ felling of life quality and health was in the general level and above; marriage status、children status and monthly income could influence their life quality. (2)There is a significant correlation among white-collar workers’ life quality, social support and organizational justice. (3) Organizational justice has partial mediating effects on the relation of social support and life quality. Conclusion: White-collar workers’ life quality is in medium level, we should improve their life quality through increasing social support and organizational justice
Diagnosis Analysis of 4 TCM Patterns in Suboptimal Health Status: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Background. We illustrated an example of structure equation modelling (SEM) in the research on SHS to explore the diagnosis of the Sub optimal health status (SHS) and provide evidence for the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns in SHS. And the diagnosis of 4 TCM patterns in SHS was evaluated in this analysis. Methods. This study assessed data on 2807 adults (aged 18 to 49) with SHS from 6 clinical centres. SEM was used to analyze the patterns of SHS in TCM. Parameters in the introduced model were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Results. The discussed model fits the SHS data well with CFI = 0.851 and RMSEA = 0.075. The direct effect of Qi deficiency pattern on dampness pattern had the highest magnitude (value of estimate is 0.822). With regard to the construct of “Qi deficiency pattern”, “fire pattern”, “stagnation pattern” and “dampness pattern”, the indicators with the highest load were myasthenia of limbs, vexation, deprementia, and dizziness, respectively. It had been shown that estimate factor should indicate the important degree of different symptoms in pattern. Conclusions. The weights of symptoms in the respective pattern can be statistical significant and theoretical meaningful for the 4 TCM patterns identification in SHS research. The study contributed to a theoretical framework, which has implications for the diagnosis points of SHS
OsDIRP1, a Putative RING E3 Ligase, Plays an Opposite Role in Drought and Cold Stress Responses as a Negative and Positive Factor, Respectively, in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
As higher plants are sessile organisms, they are unable to move to more favorable places; thus, they have developed the ability to survive under potentially detrimental conditions. Ubiquitination is a crucial post-translational protein modification and participates in abiotic stress responses in higher plants. In this study, we identified and characterized OsDIRP1 (Oryza sativa Drought-Induced RING Protein 1), a nuclear-localized putative RING E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsDIRP1 expression was induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, but not by low temperature (4°C) stress, suggesting that OsDIRP1 is differentially regulated by different abiotic stresses. To investigate its possible role in abiotic stress responses, OsDIRP1-overexpressing transgenic rice plants (Ubi:OsDIRP1-sGFP) were generated, and their phenotypes were analyzed. The T4 Ubi:OsDIRP1-sGFP lines showed decreased tolerance to drought and salt stress as compared to wild-type rice plants. Moreover, Ubi:OsDIRP1-sGFP progeny were less sensitive to ABA than the wild-type during both germination and post-germination growth. In contrast, Ubi:OsDIRP1-sGFP plants exhibited markedly higher tolerance to prolonged cold (4°C) treatment. These results suggest that OsDIRP1 acts as a negative regulator during drought and salt stress, whereas it functions as a positive factor during the cold stress response in rice
Fast radio bursts generated by coherent curvature radiation from compressed bunches for FRB 20190520B
The radiation mechanism of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been extensively
studied but still remains elusive. Coherent radiation is identified as a
crucial component in the FRB mechanism, with charged bunches also playing a
significant role under specific circumstances. In the present research, we
propose a phenomenological model that draws upon the coherent curvature
radiation framework and the magnetized neutron star, taking into account the
kinetic energy losses of outflow particles due to inverse Compton scattering
(ICS) induced by soft photons within the magnetosphere. By integrating the ICS
deceleration mechanism for particles, we hypothesize a potential compression
effect on the particle number density within a magnetic tube/family, which
could facilitate achieving the necessary size for coherent radiation in the
radial direction. This mechanism might potentially enable the dynamic formation
of bunches capable of emitting coherent curvature radiation along the curved
magnetic field. Moreover, we examine the formation of bunches from an energy
perspective. Our discussion suggests that within the given parameter space the
formation of bunches is feasible. Finally, we apply this model to FRB
20190520B, one of the most active repeating FRBs discovered and monitored by
FAST. Several observed phenomena are explained, including basic
characteristics, frequency downward drifting, and bright spots within certain
dynamic spectral ranges.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, and 1 table. Accepted for publication in Ap
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