Charge ordering in doped manganese oxides: lattice dynamics and magnetic structure

Based on the Hamiltonian of small polarons with the strong nearest neighbor repulsion, we have investigated the charge ordering phenomena observed in half-doped manganites R_{1/2}A_{1/2}MnO_3. We have explored possible consequences of the charge ordering phase in the half-doped manganites. First, we have studied the renormalization of the sound velocity around $T_{CO}$, considering the acoustic phonons coupled to the electrons participating in the charge ordering. Second, we have found a new antiferromagnetic phase induced by the charge ordering, and discussed its role in connection with the specific CE-type antiferromagnetic structure observed in half-doped manganites.Comment: 5 pages, 2 Postscript figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B - Rapid Comm. (01Jun97

Parametric study in weld mismatch of longitudinally welded SSME HPFTP inlet

Welded joints are an essential part of pressure vessels such as the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Turbopumps. Defects produced in the welding process can be detrimental to weld performance. Recently, review of the SSME high pressure fuel turbopump (HPFTP) titanium inlet x rays revealed several weld discrepancies such as penetrameter density issues, film processing discrepancies, weld width discrepancies, porosity, lack of fusion, and weld offsets. Currently, the sensitivity of welded structures to defects is of concern. From a fatigue standpoint, weld offset may have a serious effect since local yielding, in general, aggravates cyclic stress effects. Therefore, the weld offset issue is considered. Using the finite element method and mathematical formulations, parametric studies were conducted to determine the influence of weld offsets and a variation of weld widths in longitudinally welded cylindrical structures with equal wall thickness on both sides of the joint. From the study, the finite element results and theoretical solutions are presented

Applications of FEM and BEM in two-dimensional fracture mechanics problems

A comparison of the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM) for the solution of two-dimensional plane strain problems in fracture mechanics is presented in this paper. Stress intensity factors (SIF's) were calculated using both methods for elastic plates with either a single-edge crack or an inclined-edge crack. In particular, two currently available programs, ANSYS for finite element analysis and BEASY for boundary element analysis, were used

Squeezed-state generation in optical bistability

Experiments to generate squeezed states of light are described for a collection of two-level atoms within a high-finesse cavity. The investigation is conducted in a regime for which the weak-field coupling of atoms to the cavity mode produces a splitting in the normal mode structure of the atom-field system that is large compared with the atomic linewidth. Reductions in photocurrent noise of 30% (-1.55 dB) below the noise level set by the vacuum state of the field are observed in a balanced homodyne detector. A degree of squeezing of approximately 50% is inferred for the field state in the absence of propagation and detection losses. The observed spectrum of squeezing extends over a very broad range of frequencies (~±75 MHz), with the frequency of best squeezing corresponding to an offset from the optical carrier given by the normal mode splitting

Superfluid turbulence from quantum Kelvin wave to classical Kolmogorov cascades

A novel unitary quantum lattice gas algorithm is used to simulate quantum turbulence of a BEC described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation on grids up to 5760^3. For the first time, an accurate power law scaling for the quantum Kelvin wave cascade is determined: k^{-3}. The incompressible kinetic energy spectrum exhibits very distinct power law spectra in 3 ranges of k-space: a classical Kolmogorov k^{-5/3} spectrum at scales much greater than the individual quantum vortex cores, and a quantum Kelvin wave cascade spectrum k^{-3} on scales of order the vortex cores. In the semiclassical regime between these two spectra there is a pronounced steeper spectral decay, with non-universal exponent. The Kelvin k^{-3} spectrum is very robust, even on small grids, while the Kolmogorov k^{-5/3} spectrum becomes more and more apparent as the grids increase from 2048^3 grids to 5760^3.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

The perturbed sublimation rim of the dust disk around the post-AGB binary IRAS08544-4431

Context: Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) binaries are surrounded by stable dusty and gaseous disks similar to the ones around young stellar objects. Whereas significant effort is spent on modeling observations of disks around young stellar objects, the disks around post-AGB binaries receive significantly less attention, even though they pose significant constraints on theories of disk physics and binary evolution. Aims: We want to examine the structure of and phenomena at play in circumbinary disks around post-AGB stars. We continue the analysis of our near-infrared interferometric image of the inner rim of the circumbinary disk around IRAS08544-4431. We want to understand the physics governing this inner disk rim. Methods: We use a radiative transfer model of a dusty disk to reproduce simultaneously the photometry as well as the near-infrared interferometric dataset on IRAS08544-4431. The model assumes hydrostatic equilibrium and takes dust settling self-consistently into account. Results: The best-fit radiative transfer model shows excellent agreement with the spectral energy distribution up to mm wavelengths as well as with the PIONIER visibility data. It requires a rounded inner rim structure, starting at a radius of 8.25 au. However, the model does not fully reproduce the detected over-resolved flux nor the azimuthal flux distribution of the inner rim. While the asymmetric inner disk rim structure is likely to be the consequence of disk-binary interactions, the origin of the additional over-resolved flux remains unclear. Conclusions: As in young stellar objects, the disk inner rim of IRAS08544-4431 is ruled by dust sublimation physics. Additional observations are needed to understand the origin of the extended flux and the azimuthal perturbation at the inner rim of the disk.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 figures, 13 page

Temperature-dependent Fermi surface evolution in heavy fermion CeIrIn5

In Cerium-based heavy electron materials, the 4f electron's magnetic moments bind to the itinerant quasiparticles to form composite heavy quasiparticles at low temperature. The volume of the Fermi surfacein the Brillouin zone incorporates the moments to produce a "large FS" due to the Luttinger theorem. When the 4f electrons are localized free moments, a "small FS" is induced since it contains only broad bands of conduction spd electrons. We have addressed theoretically the evolution of the heavy fermion FS as a function of temperature, using a first principles dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) approach combined with density functional theory (DFT+DMFT). We focus on the archetypical heavy electrons in CeIrIn5, which is believed to be near a quantum critical point. Upon cooling, both the quantum oscillation frequencies and cyclotron masses show logarithmic scaling behavior (~ ln(T_0/T)) with different characteristic temperatures T_0 = 130 and 50 K, respectively. The resistivity coherence peak observed at T ~ 50 K is the result of the competition between the binding of incoherent 4f electrons to the spd conduction electrons at Fermi level and the formation of coherent 4f electrons.Comment: 5 pages main article,3 figures for the main article, 2 page Supplementary information, 2 figures for the Supplementary information. Supplementary movie 1 and 2 are provided on the webpage(http://www-ph.postech.ac.kr/~win/supple.html