139 research outputs found
Quantaloidal Completions of Order-enriched Categories and Their Applications
By introducing the concept of quantaloidal completions for an order-enriched
category, relationships between the category of quantaloids and the category of
order-enriched categories are studied. It is proved that quantaloidal
completions for an order-enriched category can be fully characterized as
compatible quotients of the power-set completion. As applications, we show that
a special type of injective hull of an order-enriched category is the MacNeille
completion; the free quantaloid over an order-enriched category is the Down-set
completion
METABOLITES ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC STREPTOMYCES SP. IPBCC. B.15.1539 FROM TINOSPORA CRISPA L. MIERS: ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR AND ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC IN MICE
Objective: This research work aimed to assess the capability of endophytic Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15.1539 isolated from Tinospora crispa inproducing α-glucosidase inhibitor compound and examined the effect of its ethyl acetate extract containing α glucosidase inhibitor in lowering blood glucose in streptozotozin mice.Methods: Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15.1539 was grown in a bioreactor filled with International Streptomyces Project 2 medium, for 5, 10, 15, and20 days, and assayed for its in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate extract was examined for its IC50Results: The crude extract produced value. An in vivo experimentwas set up using thirty mice, which were divided into five treatment groups: (a) acarbose (0.03 mg/30 g body weight) used as a positive control, (b) placebo used as a negative control, (c-e) treatment groups were treated with ethyl acetate extract at 0.036 mg/30 g body weight (P1), 0.36 mg/30 gbody weight (P2), 0.036 mg/30 g body weight (P3).98.5% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with 15,6 biomass after 10 days of production. The ethyl acetateextract at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml produced 96.08% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while acarbose at the same concentration gave 97.46%inhibition. The IC50 for the ethyl acetate extractConclusions: The was 0.047 µg/ml, while for acarbose was 0.003 µg/ml. The ethyl acetate extract applied as the P1treatment group lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotozin mice by 26%. α-glucosidase inhibitor of Streptomyces sp. IPBCC. b.15.1539 of T. crispa has the potency as an antidiabetic agent for type 2 DMtherapy
Revisiting Sparse Retrieval for Few-shot Entity Linking
Entity linking aims to link ambiguous mentions to their corresponding
entities in a knowledge base. One of the key challenges comes from insufficient
labeled data for specific domains. Although dense retrievers have achieved
excellent performance on several benchmarks, their performance decreases
significantly when only a limited amount of in-domain labeled data is
available. In such few-shot setting, we revisit the sparse retrieval method,
and propose an ELECTRA-based keyword extractor to denoise the mention context
and construct a better query expression. For training the extractor, we propose
a distant supervision method to automatically generate training data based on
overlapping tokens between mention contexts and entity descriptions.
Experimental results on the ZESHEL dataset demonstrate that the proposed method
outperforms state-of-the-art models by a significant margin across all test
domains, showing the effectiveness of keyword-enhanced sparse retrieval.Comment: EMNLP 202
Lipase Activity of Endophytic Actinobacteria from Medicinal Plants
Endophytic bacteria are known to reside within host plant tissue without giving a harmfull effect. The endophytes may play an important role, as they may produce similar bioactive compounds as produced by the host plant. Various medicinal plants have long been used to cure diseases. Traditionally, leaves extract of Guazuma ulmifolia, Psidium guajava, or the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza can be used to treat disease, e.g. hyperlipidemic. The mechanism can be through lipase activity, where the lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol to fatty acids and acylglycerol. The objective of this research was to assess potency of endophytic bacteria as anti-hyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity. Sixty nine endophytic bacteria which comprised of 22, 27 and 20 isolates were isolated from the leaves of G. ulmifolia, P. guajava, and the rhizome of C. xanthorrhiza, respectively. Eight out of the 69 isolates showed lipase activity, and the two selected isolates, i.e. DPG 3(2) and AJB 4(4) were considered as good lipase producers. The highest specific lipase activity of DPG 3(2) isolate was observed for 0.874 units per mg at 38 h, whereas AJB 4(4) isolates had the specific lipase activity at 1.139 units per mg after 72 h observation. These data indicate that the two selected isolates have the potency as antihyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity
A Read-and-Select Framework for Zero-shot Entity Linking
Zero-shot entity linking (EL) aims at aligning entity mentions to unseen
entities to challenge the generalization ability. Previous methods largely
focus on the candidate retrieval stage and ignore the essential candidate
ranking stage, which disambiguates among entities and makes the final linking
prediction. In this paper, we propose a read-and-select (ReS) framework by
modeling the main components of entity disambiguation, i.e., mention-entity
matching and cross-entity comparison. First, for each candidate, the reading
module leverages mention context to output mention-aware entity
representations, enabling mention-entity matching. Then, in the selecting
module, we frame the choice of candidates as a sequence labeling problem, and
all candidate representations are fused together to enable cross-entity
comparison. Our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance on the
established zero-shot EL dataset ZESHEL with a 2.55% micro-average accuracy
gain, with no need for laborious multi-phase pre-training used in most of the
previous work, showing the effectiveness of both mention-entity and
cross-entity interaction.Comment: EMNLP 2023 Finding
4-(4-Bromophenyl)-5-oxo-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazoline-2-thione
The title compound, C14H13BrN2OS, was synthesized from the multicomponent reaction between thiourea, 4-bromobenzaldehyde and cyclohexane-1,3-dione. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular N—H⋯O, N—H⋯S, C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds. Br⋯O interactions [3.183 (3) Å] are also observed in the crystal structure
FashionLOGO: Prompting Multimodal Large Language Models for Fashion Logo Embeddings
Logo embedding plays a crucial role in various e-commerce applications by
facilitating image retrieval or recognition, such as intellectual property
protection and product search. However, current methods treat logo embedding as
a purely visual problem, which may limit their performance in real-world
scenarios. A notable issue is that the textual knowledge embedded in logo
images has not been adequately explored. Therefore, we propose a novel approach
that leverages textual knowledge as an auxiliary to improve the robustness of
logo embedding. The emerging Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have
demonstrated remarkable capabilities in both visual and textual understanding
and could become valuable visual assistants in understanding logo images.
Inspired by this observation, our proposed method, FashionLOGO, aims to utilize
MLLMs to enhance fashion logo embedding. We explore how MLLMs can improve logo
embedding by prompting them to generate explicit textual knowledge through
three types of prompts, including image OCR, brief captions, and detailed
descriptions prompts, in a zero-shot setting. We adopt a cross-attention
transformer to enable image embedding queries to learn supplementary knowledge
from textual embeddings automatically. To reduce computational costs, we only
use the image embedding model in the inference stage, similar to traditional
inference pipelines. Our extensive experiments on three real-world datasets
demonstrate that FashionLOGO learns generalized and robust logo embeddings,
achieving state-of-the-art performance in all benchmark datasets. Furthermore,
we conduct comprehensive ablation studies to demonstrate the performance
improvements resulting from the introduction of MLLMs
Nickel Nitride Particles Supported on 2D Activated Graphene–Black Phosphorus Heterostructure: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Hydrogen is regarded as the most promising green clean energy in the 21st century. Developing the highly efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great concern for the hydrogen industry. In the water electrolyzed reaction, the overpotential and the kinetics are the main hurdles for OER. Therefore, an efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst is required. In this study, an activated graphene (AG)–black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets hybrid is fabricated for supporting Ni3N particles (Ni3N/BP‐AG) in the application of OER. The Ni3N particles are combined with the BP‐AG heterostructure via facile mechanical ball milling under argon protection. The synthesized Ni3N/BP‐AG shows excellent catalytic performance toward the OER, demanding the overpotential of 233 mV for a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a Tafel slope of 42 mV dec−1. The Ni3N/BP‐AG catalysts also show remarkable stability with a retention rate of the current density of about 86.4% after measuring for 10 000 s in potentiostatic mode.A black phosphorus (BP)–activated graphene (AG) heterostructure is designed for supporting nickel nitride (Ni3N) to enhance the performance of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The Ni3N/BP‐AG exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance toward OER with low overpotential and small Tafel slope. It also shows remarkable stability with a retention rate of ≈86.4% OER activity after 10 000 s.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152804/1/smll201901530.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152804/2/smll201901530_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152804/3/smll201901530-sup-0001-S1.pd
Kinematics of the Broad-line Region of 3C 273 from a Ten-year Reverberation Mapping Campaign
Despite many decades of study, the kinematics of the broad-line region of
3C~273 are still poorly understood. We report a new, high signal-to-noise,
reverberation mapping campaign carried out from November 2008 to March 2018
that allows the determination of time lags between emission lines and the
variable continuum with high precision. The time lag of variations in H
relative to those of the 5100 Angstrom continuum is days
in the rest frame, which agrees very well with the Paschen- region
measured by the GRAVITY at The Very Large Telescope Interferometer. The time
lag of the H emission line is found to be nearly the same as for
H. The lag of the Fe II emission is days, longer
by a factor of 2 than that of the Balmer lines. The velocity-resolved lag
measurements of the H line show a complex structure which can be
possibly explained by a rotation-dominated disk with some inflowing radial
velocity in the H-emitting region. Taking the virial factor of , we derive a BH mass of and an accretion rate of from the
H line. The decomposition of its images yields a host stellar mass
of , and a ratio of in agreement with the Magorrian relation. In the near
future, it is expected to compare the geometrically-thick BLR discovered by the
GRAVITY in 3C 273 with its spatially-resolved torus in order to understand the
potential connection between the BLR and the torus.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in The
Astrophysical Journa
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