Great obstetric syndromes: “gordian knot” of genetic networks

The article discusses modern views on the possible role of various genetic networks in the pathogenesis of “Great obstetric syndromes”. The genes of thrombophilia, folate cycle, detoxification system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, immunological response, energy metabolism and endothelial dysfunction are considered. The phenotypic implementation of genetic polymorphisms is discussed.В статье рассматриваются современные взгляды на возможную роль различных генетических сетей в патогенезе больших акушерских синдромов. Рассмотрены гены тромбофилии, фолатного цикла, системы детоксикации, ренинангиотензин-альдостероновой системы, иммунологического ответа, энергетического обмена и «дисфункции» эндотелия. Обсуждаются дискуссионные вопросы фенотипической реализации генетических полиморфизмов

The role molecular-genetic factors in the development of the weakness of labor in first labor women

Objective: The study of energy metabolism of the myometrium at coordinated (MRC) and the weak labor activity (Wed), identify molecular-genetic predictors of uterine inertia. Subject and methods. In a prospective cohort study included 110 nulliparous women, the clinical course of labor allocated to two groups: I (main) - births proceeded from the weakness of labor (n=62), II (comparison group) - coordinated labor (n=48). A molecular genetic study of polymorphism of genes of the energy exchange method of pyrosequencing. Results. Morphological studies showed the presence of a disturbance of cellular energy metabolism of the myocytes with Wed. Revealed a protective role of genotypes at the polymorphic marker gene PPARA2498 G>C, variant allele T of the polymorphism in the PPARD -87, both homozygous variants PPARGC A203P1В genotypes GG and SS for Wed. Conclusion. The results of the study can contribute to predicting the weakness of labor in young somatically healthy with physiological pregnancy first labor women.Цель исследования. Изучение характеристик энергетического обмена миометрия при координированной (КРД) и слабой родовой деятельности (СРД), выявление молекулярно-генетических предикторов развития слабости родовой деятельности. Материал и метод. В проспективное когортное исследование включены 110 первородящих женщин, по клиническому течению родов выделены две группы: I (основная) - роды протекали со слабостью родовой деятельности {n=62), II (группа сравнения) - с координированной родовой деятельностью (п=48). Проведено молекулярно-генетическое исследование полиморфизма генов энергообмена методом пиросеквинирования. Результаты исследования. Выявлена протективная роль генотипов по полиморфному маркеру гена PPARA2498 G>C и вариантного аллеля Т полиморфизма PPARD -87, оба гомозиготных вариантов PPARGC1В А203Р генотипов GG и СС для СРД. Заключение. Результаты исследования могут внести свой вклад прогнозирование слабости родовой деятельности у молодых соматически здоровых с физиологической беременностью первородящих женщин

Analysis of the effectiveness of aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia and alternative methods of prevention

Purpose of the study. Based on the scientific literature, to evaluate the effectiveness of aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia and to determine the possible reasons for the lack of effectiveness of such preventionЦель исследования. Основываясь на данных научной литературы, оценить эффективность аспирина при проведении профилактики преэклампсии и определить возможные причины отсутствия эффективности такой профилактик

Possibilities of personified prediction the formation of the primary powerless labour and severity

According to the literature of domestic and foreign authors in obstetric practice from all anomalies of labor, the primary weakness of labor remains one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Purpose: determination of the possibility of personalized prediction of primary weakness of patrimonial activity and its severity based on the study of clinical, mitochondrial, molecular genetic factors to improve the outcome of urgent labor. Material and methods. Clinical and laboratory indicators of 287 pregnant women in the term of a gestation 39 weeks and 4 days - 40 weeks are investigated. Research SDG, a-GFDG carried out by a cytochemical method to R.P. Nartsissov's modifications (1969). The miometriya and placentae conducted an electronic and microscopic research in an electronic microscope of 'Morgagni 268-D’ at working increase from 2200 to 22000. The molecular and genetic research PPARA, PPARD, PPARG, PPARGC 1 A, PPARGC 1В and AMPD was conducted by a pirosekvinirovaniye method with use of system of the genetic analysis of the PyroMark Q24 series. Results of a research. As a result of the work, two models for predicting the primary weakness of labor and severity ware proposed on the basis of a complex of clinical, biophysical, biochemical, molecular genetic, functional research methods to improve the outcome of timely delivery in young primiparous women. Conclusion. A new personalized model for predicting the primary weakness of labor activity provides a scientific, legal and clinical basis for the formation of a reasonable program for the completion of pregnancy.Согласно данным литературы отечественных и зарубежных авторов в акушерской практике из всех аномалий родовой деятельности первичная слабость родовой деятельности остается одной из лидирующих причин перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности. Цель: определение возможности персонифицированного прогнозирования первичной слабости родовой деятельности и ее степени тяжести на основе изучения клинических, митохондриальных, молекулярно-генетических факторов для улучшения исхода срочных родов. Материал и методы. Исследованы клинические и лабораторные показатели 287 беременных в сроке гестации 39 недель и 4 дня - 40 недель. Исследование СДГ, а-ГФДГ проводили цитохимическим методом в модификации Р.П. Нарциссова (1969). Электронно-микроскопическое исследование миометрия и плаценты проводили в электронном микроскопе «Morgagni 268-D» при рабочем увеличении от 2200 до 22000. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование PPARA, PPARD, PPARG, PPARGC1А, PPARGC1В и AMPD проводилось методом пиросеквинирования с применением системы генетического анализа серии PyroMark Q24. Результаты исследования. Предложены способы антенатального прогнозирования первичной слабости родовой деятельности и ее степени тяжести у молодых первородящих женщин. Заключение. Новая персонализированная модель прогнозирования первичной слабости родовой деятельности представляет научную, юридическую и клиническую основу для формирования обоснованной программы завершения беременности

The Entangling of Problems, Solutions and Markets: On building a market for privacy

An increasing number of public problems have been subject to market-based interventions as solutions. However, the relationship between problems and solutions in market-based interventions is complex. On occasions solutions are reformulated as understanding of the nature of the problem are advanced. Alternatively, problems are reconfigured to fit a standard solution. Or solutions are said to generate numerous new problems. The complex entangling of problems, solutions and markets can be explored by focusing on the field of online privacy. The complexities of this field can be analysed through three STS treatments of problems and solutions. First, issue-problematisation can be used to understand the ways in which a problem is assembled and comes to form the focus for discussion as an issue can be explored. Second, a paradigm-exemplar approach can assess the extent to which a particular coupling of problem and solution becomes an exemplar for others to draw on. Third, ontological constitution provides a focal point for analysing the ways in which the very nature of entities involved in problems, solutions and markets can be considered. There is analytic utility in each of these approaches in engaging with online privacy regulation and the emerging role of start-ups in introducing new privacy products to an emerging market place. However, these STS approaches leave us with questions regarding the relationship between market solutions and publics, the co-ordination of entities in market solutions and the normative questions that arise from entangling markets, problems and solutions

Clinical and anamnestic and biological candidates for participation in the mechanisms of genital prolapse formation in women

Introduction. The article presents an overview of the results of modern evidence-based scientific research on the mechanisms of formation of genital prolapse as one of the fundamental causes of pelvic floor muscle insufficiency in women. A systematic analysis of the current literature data on the involvement of clinical, anamnestic and pathogenetic motives in the development of pelvic organ prolapse in women was carried out. Objective: to expand the understanding of the role of anamnestic and biological factors in the pathogenesis of genital prolapse in womenЦель исследования: расширить представление о роли анамнестических и биологических факторов в патогенезе пролапса гениталий у женщи

Improving logging process efficiency in the context of rational natural resource management

Until recently, only the trunk was recognized as valuable in the forest industry, and everything else, including the crown, was considered waste that cluttered cutting areas, and a hazardous raw material in the event of possible fires. Currently, only about 700 thousand tons of wood waste is used, which is no more than 4% of the resulting amount of potential raw materials that could be used at wood processing enterprises. Analysis of formation and use of logging waste showed that today coniferous greenery has found its application as a raw material for coniferous flour production directly at the cutting area. After the needles are separated, branches that have not found further use remain in the cutting area. One of the promising areas for logging waste use after needle separation is production of wood flour, which has found its wide application in many industries

Effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of mixed surfactant adsorbed layers at the water/hexane interface under low-gravity conditions

An increase in temperature typically leads to a decrease in the interfacial tension of a water/oil interface. The addition of surfactants to the system can complicate the situation significantly, i.e., the interfacial tension can increase or decrease with an increasing temperature. For most concentrations of the two studied surfactants, the cationic tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB) and the nonionic tridecyl dimethyl phosphine oxide (C13DMPO), the measured interfacial tension of the aqueous mixed surfactant solutions against hexane increases when the temperature decreases between 30°C and 20°C. However, with a further temperature decrease between 20°C and 15°C, the reverse effect has also been observed at some concentrations, i.e., a decrease of interfacial tension. Additionally, the corresponding dilational interfacial visco-elasticity shows some discrepant temperature effects, depending on the bulk concentration and oscillation frequency. The experiments have been performed with a capillary pressure tensiometer under the conditions of micro-gravity. The reason for the positive and negative interfacial tension and visco-elasticity gradients, respectively, within certain ranges of the temperature, concentration and mixing ratios, are discussed on the basis of all available parameters, such as the solubility and partitioning of the surfactants in the two liquid phases and the oscillation frequency