4,345 research outputs found
Casimir Energies and Pressures for -function Potentials
The Casimir energies and pressures for a massless scalar field associated
with -function potentials in 1+1 and 3+1 dimensions are calculated. For
parallel plane surfaces, the results are finite, coincide with the pressures
associated with Dirichlet planes in the limit of strong coupling, and for weak
coupling do not possess a power-series expansion in 1+1 dimension. The relation
between Casimir energies and Casimir pressures is clarified,and the former are
shown to involve surface terms. The Casimir energy for a -function
spherical shell in 3+1 dimensions has an expression that reduces to the
familiar result for a Dirichlet shell in the strong-coupling limit. However,
the Casimir energy for finite coupling possesses a logarithmic divergence first
appearing in third order in the weak-coupling expansion, which seems
unremovable. The corresponding energies and pressures for a derivative of a
-function potential for the same spherical geometry generalizes the TM
contributions of electrodynamics. Cancellation of divergences can occur between
the TE (-function) and TM (derivative of -function) Casimir
energies. These results clarify recent discussions in the literature.Comment: 16 pages, 1 eps figure, uses REVTeX
OFF-FARM EMPLOYMENT DECISIONS BY MASSACHUSETTS FARM HOUSEHOLDS
The off-farm labor participation and supply decisions of Massachusetts farm families were estimated in a model which allows for joint decisions. The hypothesis of joint off-farm participation decisions by operators and spouses was rejected. However, there was some evidence that the hours supplied by the farm operator was dependent upon the decision by the spouse to work off-farm. Farm operators were found to respond to both family and farm characteristics in making participation and supply decisions. Spouses respond to the characteristics of the farm and family in participation decisions while family characteristics determined hours worked by the spouse.Consumer/Household Economics,
Vector Casimir effect for a D-dimensional sphere
The Casimir energy or stress due to modes in a D-dimensional volume subject
to TM (mixed) boundary conditions on a bounding spherical surface is
calculated. Both interior and exterior modes are included. Together with
earlier results found for scalar modes (TE modes), this gives the Casimir
effect for fluctuating ``electromagnetic'' (vector) fields inside and outside a
spherical shell. Known results for three dimensions, first found by Boyer, are
reproduced. Qualitatively, the results for TM modes are similar to those for
scalar modes: Poles occur in the stress at positive even dimensions, and cusps
(logarithmic singularities) occur for integer dimensions . Particular
attention is given the interesting case of D=2.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure, REVTe
Pressure induced superconductivity in CaFeAs
CaFeAs has been found to be exceptionally sensitive to the
application of hydrostatic pressure and superconductivity has been found to
exist in a narrow pressure region that appears to be at the interface between
two different phase transitions. The pressure - temperature () phase
diagram of CaFeAs reveals that this stoichiometric, highly ordered,
compound can be easily tuned to reveal all the salient features associated with
FeAs-based superconductivity without introducing any disorder. Whereas at
ambient pressure CaFeAs does not superconduct for K and
manifests a first order structural phase transition near K, the
application of kbar hydrostatic pressure fully suppresses the
resistive signature of the structural phase transition and instead
superconductivity is detected for K. For kbar a different
transition is detected, one associated with a clear reduction in resistivity
and for kbar superconductivity is no longer detected. This higher
pressure transition temperature increases rapidly with increasing pressure,
exceeding 300 K by kbar. The low temperature, superconducting dome
is centered around 5 kbar, extending down to 2.3 kbar and up to 8.6 kbar. This
superconducting phase appears to exist when the low pressure transition is
suppressed sufficiently, but before the high pressure transition has reduced
the resistivity, and possibly the associated fluctuations, too dramatically
Casimir bag energy in the stochastic approximation to the pure QCD vacuum
We study the Casimir contribution to the bag energy coming from gluon field
fluctuations, within the context of the stochastic vacuum model (SVM) of pure
QCD. After formulating the problem in terms of the generating functional of
field strength cumulants, we argue that the resulting predictions about the
Casimir energy are compatible with the phenomenologically required bag energy
term.Comment: 16 page
Mode-by-mode summation for the zero point electromagnetic energy of an infinite cylinder
Using the mode-by-mode summation technique the zero point energy of the
electromagnetic field is calculated for the boundary conditions given on the
surface of an infinite solid cylinder. It is assumed that the dielectric and
magnetic characteristics of the material which makes up the cylinder
and of that which makes up the surroundings obey the relation . With this
assumption all the divergences cancel. The divergences are regulated by making
use of zeta function techniques. Numerical calculations are carried out for a
dilute dielectric cylinder and for a perfectly conducting cylindrical shell.
The Casimir energy in the first case vanishes, and in the second is in complete
agreement with that obtained by DeRaad and Milton who employed a Green's
function technique with an ultraviolet regulator.Comment: REVTeX, 16 pages, no figures and tables; transcription error in
previous version corrected, giving a zero Casimir energy for a tenuous
cylinde
Optical properties of Southern Hemisphere aerosols: Report of the joint CSIRO/NASA study
This study was made in support of the LAWS and GLOBE programs, which aim to design a suitable Doppler lidar system for measuring global winds from a satellite. Observations were taken from 5 deg S to 45 deg S along and off the E and SE Australian coast, thus obtaining representative samples over a large latitude range. Observations were made between 0 and 6 km altitude of aerosol physical and chemical properties in situ from the CSIRO F-27 aircraft; of lidar backscatter coefficients at 10.6 micron wavelength from the F-27 aircraft; of lidar backscatter profiles at 0.694 microns at Sale, SE Australia; and of lidar backscatter profiles at 0.532 microns at Cowley Beach, NE Australia. Both calculations and observations in the free troposphere gave a backscatter coefficient of 1-2 x 10 to the -11/m/sr at 10.6 microns, although the accuracies of the instruments were marginal at this level. Equivalent figures were 2-8 x 10 to the -9/m/sr (aerosol) and 9 x 10 to the -9 to 2 x 10 to the -8/m/sr (lidar) at 0.694 microns wavelength at Sale; and 3.7 x 10 to the -9/m/sr (aerosol) and 10 to the -8 to 10 to the -7/m/sr (lidar) at 0.532 microns wavelength at Cowley Beach. The measured backscatter coefficients at 0.694 and 0.532 microns were consistently higher than the values calculated from aerosol size distributions by factors of typically 2 to 10
The Adler Function for Light Quarks in Analytic Perturbation Theory
The method of analytic perturbation theory, which avoids the problem of
ghost-pole type singularities and gives a self-consistent description of both
spacelike and timelike regions, is applied to describe the "light" Adler
function corresponding to the non-strange vector channel of the inclusive decay
of the lepton. The role of threshold effects is investigated. The
behavior of the quark-antiquark system near threshold is described by using a
new relativistic resummation factor. It is shown that the method proposed leads
to good agreement with the ``experimental'' Adler function down to the lowest
energy scale.Comment: 13 pages, one ps figure, REVTe
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