62 research outputs found

    Isometry invariance of exact correlation functions in various charts of Minkowski and de Sitter spaces

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    We consider quantum field theory with selfinteractions in various patches of Minkowski and de Sitter space-times. Namely, in Minkowski space-time we consider separately right (left) Rindler wedge, past wedge and future wedge. In de Sitter space-time we consider expanding Poincare patch, static patch, contracting Poincare patch and global de Sitter itself. In all cases we restrict our considerations to the isometry invariant states leading to maximally analytic propagators. We prove that loop corrections in right (left) Rindler wedge, in the past wedge (of Minkowski space-time), in the static patch and in the expanding Poincare patch (of de Sitter space-time) respect the corresponding isometries of the corresponding symmetric space-times. All these facts are related to the causality and analyticity properties of the propagators for the states that we consider. At the same time in the future wedge, in the contracting Poincare patch and in global de Sitter space-time infrared effects violate the isometries.Comment: 35 pages, 6 figures Additional references and minor clarifications added; version accepted to PR

    Banks: Old Actors of the New Economy

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    In the globalization conditions, influence of business both on the states internal life, and on the global system increases. The states are compelled to solve together not only the international problems, but also the tasks, which were mainly internal as long ago as yesterday. An increasing number of the public relations go beyond the national borders, and their regulation is possible only by the states interaction. In this paradigm, the banks, as the central players of the national financial system, can become agents of the new economic policy that seeks to find answers to the new global challenges. It is, above all, the banks role in stimulating the national industry, the possibility of the banks participation in the formation of the new truly competitive economy of the medium and small businesses, directed not on the maximum profit extraction, but first on the public interests satisfaction. In the article, the banks activity change in present period is considered. The banks activity transformation requires the change of the regulation measures, including the states interaction in the globalization conditions. The problems description of the modern Russian banking system in the crisis conditions is given and the possible directions of these problems solution are presented. Keywords: commercial banks, policy, the Bank of Russia, globalization JEL Classifications: E44, E58, E62, F20, F37, F4

    Modern antiepileptic drugs in treatment of focal forms of epilepsy in children

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    Purpose: Comparison of the efficiency and safety of using antiepileptic drugs topiramate and lamotrigine in treatment of symptomatic focal forms of epilepsy in children. Methods: We observed 2 groups of children with focal forms of epilepsy: 1 group - 31 patient were treated by topiramate in doses from 56 up to 500 mg/day, from 2,8 up to 17 mg/kg/day (on the average 6,6 mg/kg/day). 2 group - 31 patients - received therapy by lamotrigine in doses from 25 up to 250 mg/day, from 0,5 up to 6 mg/ kg/day (on the average 3,6 mg/kg/day). The therapy was used in monotherapy and in combine therapy with other antiepileptic drugs. Results: Seizures freedom was achieved in 8/31 patients (26 %), used topiramate, and in 8/31 patients (26 %), treated by lamotrigine. Reduction in seizure frequency more than 50% was observed in 19/31 (61%) cases in topiramate group and in 14/31 (45%) cases in lamotrigine group. In 3 patients was detected seizures aggravation (in 3% cases, used topiramate and in 6% cases, used lamotrigine). Conclusion: This study has shown topiramate and lamotrigine is high effective new antiepileptic drug for treatment focal forms of epilepsy in children.ЦСль исслСдования: Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ эффСктивности примСнСния антизпилСптичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ эпилСпсии Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ИсслСдовались Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Ρ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ эпилСпсии. 1 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»Π° 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ 56 ΠΌΠ³/сутки Π΄ΠΎ 500 ΠΌΠ³/сутки, ΠΎΡ‚ 2,8 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки Π΄ΠΎ 17 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки (Π² срСднСм составляя 6,6 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки). 2 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»Π° 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ 25 ΠΌΠ³/сутки Π΄ΠΎ 250 ΠΌΠ³/сутки, ΠΎΡ‚ 0,5 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки Π΄ΠΎ 6 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки (Π² срСднСм составляя 3,6 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/сутки). Π›Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ исслСдуСмыми ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с антиэпилСптичСскими ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: ПолноС ΠΊΡƒΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ приступов достигнуто Ρƒ 8 ΠΈΠ· 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (26%), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΈ Ρƒ 8 ΠΈΠ· 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (26%), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ частоты приступов Π½Π° 50 % ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ наблюдалась Ρƒ 19 ΠΈΠ· 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (61%), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ ΠΈ Ρƒ 14 ΠΈΠ· 31 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (45%), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½. Π£ 3 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ приступов - Π² 3% случаСв ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π² 6% случаСв ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π°. Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π»Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ эпилСпсии Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ

    Rapid inactivation of airborne bacteria using atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier grating discharge

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    IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 35(5): pp. 1501-1510.Dielectric barrier discharge plasma has been known to inactivate many different microorganisms on surfaces when treatment times are on the order of seconds or minutes in duration. In this paper, a unique plasma air cleaning facility was created which combines a dielectric barrier grating discharge (DBGD) with a filterless laboratory-scale ventilation system and is used to treat concentrated bacterial bioaerosol in a moving air stream at air flow rates of 25 L/s. Results indicate that plasma treatment times on the order of milliseconds corresponding to one pass through the DBGD device can achieve 1.5-log reduction in culturable E. coli immediately after contact with plasma and 5-log reduction totally following in the minutes after the plasma treatment. A numerical characterization study was performed to help predict and understand the mechanism of bacteria inactivation in the DBD plasma from a variety of plasma factors

    Age-dependent response of murine female bone marrow cells to hyperbaric oxygen

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    Consequences of age on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on bone marrow (BM) derived stem cells and progenitors (SCPs) are largely unknown. We treated 2- and 18-month old C57BL/6 female mice by HBO. Hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors, enumerated as colony-forming units in culture, were doubled only in peripheral leukocytes and BM cells of young mice receiving HBO. In old mice colony-forming unit fibroblast numbers, a measure of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from BM, were high but unaffected by HBO. To further explore this finding, in BM-MSCs we quantified the transcripts of adipocyte early-differentiation genes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Ξ³, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-Ξ² and fatty-acid binding protein 4; these transcripts were not affected by age or HBO. However, osteoblast gene transcripts runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix (OSX) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were twofold to 20-fold more abundant in MSCs from old control mice relative to those of young control mice. HBO affected expression of osteoblast markers only in old MSCs (OSX gene expression was reduced by twofold and AP expression was increased threefold). Our data demonstrate the impact of aging on the response of BM SCPs to HBO and indicate the potentially different age-related benefit of HBO in wound healing and tissue remodeling

    Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (PIONEER 5): a placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3a trial

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    Background: Oral semaglutide is the first oral glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist for glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is commonly associated with renal impairment, restricting treatment options. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment. Methods: This randomised, double-blind, phase 3a trial was undertaken at 88 sites in eight countries. Patients aged 18 years and older, with type 2 diabetes, an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30–59 mL/min per 1Β·73 m2, and who had been receiving a stable dose of metformin or sulfonylurea, or both, or basal insulin with or without metformin for the past 90 days were eligible. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) by use of an interactive web-response system, with stratification by glucose-lowering medication and renal function, to receive oral semaglutide (dose escalated to 14 mg once daily) or matching placebo for 26 weeks, in addition to background medication. Participants and site staff were masked to assignment. Two efficacy-related estimands were defined: treatment policy (regardless of treatment discontinuation or rescue medication) and trial product (on treatment without rescue medication) in all participants randomly assigned. Endpoints were change from baseline to week 26 in HbA1c (primary endpoint) and bodyweight (confirmatory secondary endpoint), assessed in all participants with sufficient data. Safety was assessed in all participants who received at least one dose of study drug. This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02827708, and the European Clinical Trials Registry, number EudraCT 2015-005326-19, and is now complete. Findings: Between Sept 20, 2016, and Sept 29, 2017, of 721 patients screened, 324 were eligible and randomly assigned to oral semaglutide (n=163) or placebo (n=161). Mean age at baseline was 70 years (SD 8), and 168 (52%) of participants were female. 133 (82%) participants in the oral semaglutide group and 141 (88%) in the placebo group completed 26 weeks on treatment. At 26 weeks, oral semaglutide was superior to placebo in decreasing HbA1c (estimated mean change of βˆ’1Β·0 percentage point (SE 0Β·1; βˆ’11 mmol/mol [SE 0Β·8]) vs βˆ’0Β·2 percentage points (SE 0Β·1; βˆ’2 mmol/mol [SE 0Β·8]); estimated treatment difference [ETD]: βˆ’0Β·8 percentage points, 95% CI βˆ’1Β·0 to βˆ’0Β·6;

    Representation of memory space by verbal collocation in the Russian media

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ пространствСнный тСматичСский ΠΊΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ собой Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π² основС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ отоТдСствлСниС памяти с пространством, вмСстилищСм, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ мСсто Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ состоянии ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти. АнализируСмыС ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ памяти Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π² российских БМИ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ трансляции массовому адрСсату ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ посрСдством обращСния ΠΊ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ памяти. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ закономСрности Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ памяти Π² русском языкС.The paper presents the study of verbal collocations of the semantic field β€œMemory”, which actualize an identification of memory and some receptacle or space of movement, displacement, quiescence of memory operations object. Analyzed collocations are used in the Russian media to form and to transfer an image of the past to mass recipient, when fragments of collective memory are reproduced. The analysis methods allow to obtain different-type information about relevant units and to determine regularities of memory operations representation in the Russian language
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