41,196 research outputs found
A Chandra Survey of the X-ray Properties of Broad Absorption Line Radio-Loud Quasars
This work presents the results of a Chandra study of 21 broad absorption line
(BAL) radio-loud quasars (RLQs). We conducted a Chandra snapshot survey of 12
bright BAL RLQs selected from SDSS/FIRST data and possessing a wide range of
radio and CIV absorption properties. Optical spectra were obtained nearly
contemporaneously with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope; no strong flux or BAL
variability was seen between epochs. We also include in our sample 9 additional
BAL RLQs possessing archival Chandra coverage. We compare the properties of
(predominantly high-ionization) BAL RLQs to those of non-BAL RLQs as well as to
BAL radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and non-BAL RQQs for context.
All 12 snapshot and 8/9 archival BAL RLQs are detected, with observed X-ray
luminosities less than those of non-BAL RLQs having comparable optical/UV
luminosities by typical factors of 4.1-8.5. (BAL RLQs are also X-ray weak by
typical factors of 2.0-4.5 relative to non-BAL RLQs having both comparable
optical/UV and radio luminosities.) However, BAL RLQs are not as X-ray weak
relative to non-BAL RLQs as are BAL RQQs relative to non-BAL RQQs. While some
BAL RLQs have harder X-ray spectra than typical non-BAL RLQs, some have
hardness ratios consistent with those of non-BAL RLQs, and there does not
appear to be a correlation between X-ray weakness and spectral hardness, in
contrast to the situation for BAL RQQs. RLQs are expected to have X-ray
continuum contributions from both disk-corona and small-scale jet emission.
While the entire X-ray continuum in BAL RLQs cannot be obscured to the same
degree as in BAL RQQs, we calculate that the jet is likely partially covered in
many BAL RLQs. We comment briefly on implications for geometries and source
ages in BAL RLQs.Comment: 48 pages, 5 tables, 14 figures, accepted by Ap
Rectification by charging -- the physics of contact-induced current asymmetry in molecular conductors
We outline the qualitatively different physics behind charging-induced
current asymmetries in molecular conductors operating in the weakly interacting
self-consistent field (SCF) and the strongly interacting Coulomb Blockade (CB)
regimes. A conductance asymmetry arises in SCF because of the unequal
mean-field potentials that shift a closed-shell conducting level differently
for positive and negative bias. A very different current asymmetry arises for
CB due to the unequal number of open-shell excitation channels at opposite bias
voltages. The CB regime, dominated by single charge effects, typically requires
a computationally demanding many-electron or Fock space description. However,
our analysis of molecular Coulomb Blockade measurements reveals that many novel
signatures can be explained using a {{simpler}} orthodox model that involves an
incoherent sum of Fock space excitations and {\it{hence treats the molecule as
a metallic dot or an island}}. This also reduces the complexity of the Fock
space description by just including various charge configurations only, thus
partially underscoring the importance of electronic structure, while retaining
the essence of the single charge nature of the transport process. We finally
point out, however, that the inclusion of electronic structure and hence
well-resolved Fock space excitations is crucial in some notable examples.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
Perspective Greenhouse gas mitigation by covers on livestock slurry tanks and lagoons?
Liquid manure (slurry) storage facilities are important point sources of atmospheric pollution. Being point sources, containment of gaseous emissions via improved storage conditions may be possible, and permeable surface covers (natural crusts and artificial covers) are increasingly recognized for their capacity to reduce various gaseous emissions. Microbial transformations in permeable surface covers include bacterial-methane oxidation, but this interface between nitrogen-rich slurry and the atmosphere is also an environment with intense nitrogen turnover that can lead to nitrous oxide emissions. Both methane and nitrous oxide are greenhouse gases, and strategies to reduce environmental impact of slurry stores must consider the total greenhouse gas balance. In this paper, greenhouse gas mitigation options for manure storages are discussed with reference mainly to practical storage conditions in Europe and North America
Zero dimensional area law in a gapless fermion system
The entanglement entropy of a gapless fermion subsystem coupled to a gapless
bulk by a "weak link" is considered. It is demonstrated numerically that each
independent weak link contributes an entropy proportional to lnL, where L is
linear dimension of the subsystem.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figures; added 3d computatio
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ У ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ МНС УКРАЇНИ
The main points of the development of the informative – communicative technologies of the educational training activisation at the higher establishments of TES of Ukraine are presente in this article. The positive aspects of the informative- communicative technologies introducing in the educational process is analysed as wen. It is set that introduction and activation of information technologies in an educational process opens new possibilities both for a scientifically pedagogical personnel and for students (students) in the plan of complex perception of educational material. Modern pedagogical technologies foresee the increase of interest to the studies, and consequently and increase of level of progress of specialists of higher educational establishments of MINISTRY of emergency measures.Розглянуто особливості впровадження інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій, як чинників активізації навчального процесу у вищих навчальних закладах МНС України. Висвітлено специфіку застосування та позитивні аспекти впровадження інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій у навчальному процесі. Встановлено, що впровадження та активізація інформаційних технологій в навчальному процесі відкриває нові можливості як для науково-педагогічного персоналу, так і для курсантів (студентів) у плані комплексного сприйняття навчального матеріалу. Сучасні педагогічні технології передбачають підвищення інтересу до навчання, а отже і підвищення рівня успішності фахівців вищих навчальних закладів МНС
Stabilization and control system power sensitivity study
Stabilization and control system sensitivity to power-off failure rate studied by simulated missions using block power switchin
Dynamic Kerr Effect and Spectral Weight Transfer in the Manganites
We perform pump-probe Kerr spectroscopy in the colossally magnetoresistive
manganite Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3. Kerr effects uncover surface magnetic dynamics
undetected by established methods based on reflectivity and optical spectral
weight transfer. Our findings indicate the connection between spin and charge
dynamics in the manganites may be weaker than previously thought. Additionally,
important differences between this system and conventional ferromagnetic metals
manifest as long-lived, magneto-optical coupling transients, which may be
generic to all manganites.Comment: 12 text pages, 4 figure
Neutrino-nucleus reactions on ^{12}C and ^{16}O
Exclusive and inclusive cross-sections and
-capture rates are calculated for ^{12}C and ^{16}O using the consistent
random phase approximation (RPA) and pairing model. After a pairing correction
is introduced to the RPA results the flux-averaged theoretical cross-sections and -capture rates in C are
in good agreement with experiment. In particular when one takes into account
the experimental error bars, the recently measured range of values for the
cross-section is in agreement with the present theoretical
results. Predictions of and cross-sections in
^{16}O are also presented.Comment: 13 pages, Revte
Micro-Field Assessment of Soil Erosion and Surface Runoff Using Mini Rainfall Simulator In Upper River Njoro Watershed in Kenya
Soil erosion and surface runoff are consequences of integration of several factors and processes within a catchment. The use of a rainfall simulator and run off plots provides a valuable research tool and are often used in soil erosion and surface runoff studies. Cheruiyot (1984) used this approach to study infiltration rates and sediment yield in Kiboko, Kenya. The present study used the same method but with a mini-rainfall simulator (Kamphorst, 1987) to study the effects of different land use treatments on soil loss and surface runoff
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