East European History

published or submitted for publicatio

Cruise Brand Management

Brands have always been associated with cruise and line voyage operations, but the branding concept has taken on new meaning in the modern cruise industry. In the consolidation of cruise lines under a few major corporate structure today, the acquiring entity has most often chosen to invest in lines acquired under their existing names, retaining separate brand identity. The author summarizes industry experiences with the acquisition and management of multiple brands under a single corporate structure, together with the rationale and advantages, this article is an updated and expanded version of that first given at the Seatrade Cruise Shipping Convention March 11, 1999

A New Generation of Cruise Ships

The giant new cruise ships entering service are distinguished not only by their size but also by the new standards of accommodation for the average passenger that the increased amount of space on board makes possible. Amenities include a major percentage of cabins with private verandas, extensive physical fitness facilities, more inviting dining arrangements, and the use of décor and space planning in an attempt to recover some of the intimacy lost as cruise ships have increased in size. The author reviews how each of the major cruise lines has taken advantage of the challenges and opportunities that the creation of these ships has represented, and presents an overview of the largest new cruise ships that have entered service in the past several years

Five Years in the Rise of the Modern Cruise Industry

The years from 1969-74 were critical in the evolution of the passenger shipping industry from crossing to cruising. Faced with a decline in demand for point-to-point passenger transportation and an increase in the demand for cruises, steamship lines were also faced with a number of internal and external challenges. The writer discusses some companies that met these challenges, some that did not, and some new, cruise-oriented companies now leading the industry toda

Freestyle Cruising: A Clear Alternative

The cruise industry is a highly complex, but under-research component of the hospitality industry. This article seeks to explore the paradoxical relationship between shipboard and shoreside operations using the McKinsey 7S Framework, thereby providing a foundation for further inquiry. Recommendations are made for practitioners, and ideas are provided for future research

Carnival\u27s Fantasy Class Cruise Ship: Ticket to Success

Carnival Cruise Line\u27s Fantasy class of cruise ships is the largest group of virtually identical passenger vessels in the history of ocean travel. These ships rep- resent the culmination of Carnival\u27s product development and are a prime reason for the line\u27s current success. The author details the evolution of their design, with emphasis on hotel aspects, through previous ships in the fleet

Beyond the Rainbow

We are at the beginning of change in all aspects of our education. In Queensland we could be confronting a new phase in the educational system which will be vastly different from the past. As the 21st century draws closer, so too will we witness more changes in our society and our educational systems. So there is likely to be little resemblance to that which we know in the past

Spatial intensity distribution analysis quantifies the extent and regulation of homodimerization of the secretin receptor

Previous studies have indicated that the G protein-coupled secretin receptor is present as a homo-dimer, organized through symmetrical contacts in transmembrane domain IV, and that receptor dimerization is critical for high potency signalling by secretin. However, whether all of the receptor exists in the dimeric form or if this is regulated, is unclear. We used measures of quantal brightness of the secretin receptor tagged with monomeric enhanced green fluorescent protein (mEGFP) and Spatial Intensity Distribution Analysis to assess this. Calibration using cells expressing plasma membrane-anchored forms of mEGFP initially allowed demonstration that the Epidermal Growth Factor receptor is predominantly monomeric in the absence of ligand and whilst wild type receptor was rapidly converted to a dimeric form by ligand, a mutated form of this receptor remained monomeric. Equivalent studies showed that at moderate expression levels the secretin receptor exists as a mixture of monomeric and dimeric forms, with little evidence of higher-order complexity. However, sodium butyrate induced up-regulation of the receptor resulted in a shift from monomeric towards oligomeric organization. By contrast, a form of the secretin receptor containing a pair of mutations on the lipid-facing side of transmembrane domain IV was almost entirely monomeric. Down-regulation of the secretin receptor-interacting G protein Gαs did not alter receptor organization, indicating that dimerization is defined specifically by direct protein-protein interactions between copies of the receptor polypeptide, whilst short term treatment with secretin had no effect on organization of the wild type receptor but increased the dimeric proportion of the mutated receptor variant

The Positive Role of Negative Emotions: Fear, Anxiety, Conflict and Resistance as Productive Experiences in Academic Study and in the Emergence of Learner Autonomy

Although affect is widely recognized as a powerful force in determining students’ academic success,researchers and practitioners have paid little attention to emotional barriers that often impede college success or how instructors may respond constructively when such barriers arise. The purpose of this paper is to initiate discussion of this important problem by offering a model of how an initially resistant, fearful, and/or anxious student can use emotionally unpleasant experiences to transform himself or herself into a more autonomous and successful learner. We offer prima facie support for this model by presenting the results of two cases of first year students. Although this model may not apply to all anxious first year students, it nevertheless has value (a) as a resource for instructors working with students who fit this pattern and (b) as an example of how the role of emotions in learning can profitably be studied