5,238 research outputs found
Alcohol Price Considerations on alcohol and Illicit Drug Use in University Students
BackgroundThis study investigates alcohol price and proposed substance use amongst Australian tertiary students.MethodsParticipants were recruited in 2009 via facebook, and were asked to complete a 34-item internetbased survey. 512 people took part, 485 fit the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe sample consisted predominately of young (mean age 20.3 years), female (66%) university students. Higher alcohol prices resulted in increased consideration of illicit substances as an alternative indicating a substitution effect, although the majority (60%) of respondents would never consider using ecstasy.ConclusionResults indicate substantial room to increase the price of alcohol to achieve alcohol consumption reduction without likely substitution behavior
Landscape-Scale Disturbance: Insights into the Complexity of Catchment Hydrology in the Mountaintop Removal Mining Region of the Eastern United States
: Few land disturbances impact watersheds at the scale and extent of mountaintop removal mining (MTM). This practice removes forests, soils and bedrock to gain access to underground coal that results in likely permanent and wholesale changes that impact catchment hydrology, geochemistry and ecosystem health. MTM is the dominant driver of land cover changes in the central Appalachian Mountains region of the United States, converting forests to mine lands and burying headwater streams. Despite its dominance on the landscape, determining the hydrological impacts of MTM is complicated by underground coal mines that significantly alter groundwater hydrology. To provide insight into how coal mining impacts headwater catchments, we compared the hydrologic responses of an MTM and forested catchment using event rainfall-runoff analysis, modeling and isotopic approaches. Despite similar rainfall characteristics, hydrology in the two catchments differed in significant ways, but both catchments demonstrated threshold-mediated hydrologic behavior that was attributed to transient storage and the release of runoff from underground mines. Results suggest that underground mines are important controls for runoff generation in both obviously disturbed and seemingly undisturbed catchments and interact in uncertain ways with disturbance from MTM. This paper summarizes our results and demonstrates the complexity of catchment hydrology in the MTM region
Inter-institutional Collaboration to Benefit Student Learning: A Scenario in Graduate Education
Occupational and Physical Therapists are in a unique role, in which they can assist in the identification and rehabilitation of impairments. The collaboration between UCSD and USAHS is preparing students with the knowledge and skills to assess older persons for driving abilities.
The current content delivery allows the TREDS program to be available to the Gerontology course offering for other USAHS campus locations; and has the potential to be accessed by other institutions of higher education offering courses in Gerontology.https://soar.usa.edu/casmfall2018/1001/thumbnail.jp
The blood-brain barrier in brain homeostasis and neurological diseases
AbstractBrain endothelial cells are unique among endothelial cells in that they express apical junctional complexes, including tight junctions, which quite resemble epithelial tight junctions both structurally and functionally. They form the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) which strictly controls the exchanges between the blood and the brain compartments by limiting passive diffusion of blood-borne solutes while actively transporting nutrients to the brain. Accumulating experimental and clinical evidence indicate that BBB dysfunctions are associated with a number of serious CNS diseases with important social impacts, such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, brain tumors, epilepsy or Alzheimer's disease. This review will focus on the implication of brain endothelial tight junctions in BBB architecture and physiology, will discuss the consequences of BBB dysfunction in these CNS diseases and will present some therapeutic strategies for drug delivery to the brain across the BBB
Theory of Electro-optic Modulation via a Quantum Dot Coupled to a Nano-resonator
In this paper, we analyze the performance of an electro-optic modulator based
on a single quantum dot strongly coupled to a nano-resonator, where electrical
control of the quantum dot frequency is achieved via quantum confined Stark
effect. Using realistic system parameters, we show that modulation speeds of a
few tens of GHz are achievable with this system, while the energy per switching
operation can be as small as 0.5 fJ. In addition, we study the non-linear
distortion, and the effect of pure quantum dot dephasing on the performance of
the modulator.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Searching for phase transitions in neutron stars with modified Gaussian processes
Gaussian processes provide a promising framework by which to extrapolate the
equation of state (EoS) of cold, catalyzed matter beyond times nuclear
saturation density. Here we discuss how to extend Gaussian processes to include
nontrivial features in the speed of sound, such as bumps, kinks, and plateaus,
which are predicted by nuclear models with exotic degrees of freedom. Using a
fully Bayesian analysis incorporating measurements from X-ray sources,
gravitational wave observations, and perturbative QCD results, we show that
these features are compatible with current constraints and report on how the
features affect the EoS posteriors.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, CSQCD IX proceeding
Nontrivial features in the speed of sound inside neutron stars
Measurements of neutron star masses, radii, and tidal deformability have
direct connections to nuclear physics via the equation of state (EoS), which
for the cold, catalyzed matter in neutron star cores is commonly represented as
the pressure as a function of energy density. Microscopic models with exotic
degrees of freedom display nontrivial structure in the speed of sound ()
in the form of first-order phase transitions and bumps, oscillations, and
plateaus in the case of crossovers and higher-order phase transitions. We
present a procedure based on Gaussian processes to generate an ensemble of EoSs
that include nontrivial features. Using a Bayesian analysis incorporating
measurements from X-ray sources, gravitational wave observations, and
perturbative QCD results, we show that these features are compatible with
current constraints. We investigate the possibility of a global maximum in
that occurs within the densities realized in neutron stars -- implying a
softening of the EoS and possibly an exotic phase in the core of massive stars
-- and find that such a global maximum is consistent with, but not required by,
current constraints.Comment: 31 pages, 9 figure
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