Compassion in the Bhutanese Gross National Happiness (GNH) infused classrooms

There is a growing interest in research on the role of compassion in the fields of positive psychology and social psychology. Compassion in the educational setting is focused on well-being and relationship-based approaches to support students to flourish academically, emotionally and socially. This paper is a review of compassion in the literature and provides a foreground of future research on compassion in the Bhutanese classroom. It also presents a discussion on compassion in relation to benefits for self and others, compassion fatigue and self-compassion. More importantly, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the role of compassion in education in building the teaching-learning process and foregrounds the need for further investigation into compassionate teaching and learning for a range of school-based curriculum subjects

Lilly Endowment Annual Report 2018

Each year, we publish an annual report to share in-depth stories about the work of our grantees in religion, community development, and education and youth programs. The publication also offers a list of grants made that year and a thorough financial report

Searching for a methodology to bridge the gap between ideas and practice: An investigation of the sensorimotor mode of learning

The processes underpinning a specific 'idea', namely, how the assessment of the quality of movement within the sensorimotor mode of learning can be undertaken within a Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) framework, is described. The sensorimotor skill under examination is the 'forward roll' in gymnastics. Firstly, a review of the pertinent literature was undertaken. This involved a search for the relevant fields of study and reporting the trends and findings, as well as the identification of a conceptual framework. Secondly, data were collected, in the form of digital videotapes, for three cohorts: children, young adults and older adults (N = 117) as they performed the forward roll. These data were analysed, which resulted in the development of a new framework, for the purpose of measuring the quality of the sensorimotor skill under investigation. Thirdly, the underlying construct of the new framework was verified by applying the Australian Council for Educational Research's (ACER) Quest statistical technique, commonly known as Rasch. Finally, using the underpinning principles established during data analysis, a re-examination of the data from a SOLO perspective is currently being undertaken

Expression of three intelectins in sheep and response to a Th2 environment

Sheep intelectin1 and sheep intelectin3 (sITLN1 and sITLN3) were cloned and sequenced. The amino acid sequences of sITLN1 and sITLN3 shared 86% and 91% homology with the previously cloned sheep intelectin2 (sITLN2), respectively. Expression of sITLN1 and sITLN3 transcript was demonstrated in abomasum, lung, colon and gastric lymph node, terminal rectum, skin, jejunum, mesenteric lymph node, ileal peyer’s patches, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, skin, ear pinna, heart and ovary in normal sheep tissues. sITLN2 transcript expression was restricted to the abomasal mucosa in normal sheep tissues. Using a non selective chicken anti-intelectin antibody, tissue intelectin protein was demonstrated in mucus neck cells in the abomasum, mucus cells in the colon, free mucus in ileum, goblet cells in the lung, small intestinal epithelium and brush border, epidermal layer of the skin and skin sebaceous glands. The expression of the three sITLN transcripts was examined in two nematode infections in sheep known to induce a Th2 response; a Teladorsagia circumcincta challenge infection model and a Dictyocaulus filaria natural infection. The three sITLN were absent in unchallenged naïve lambs and present in the abomasal mucosa of both naïve and immune lambs following T. circumcincta challenge infection. Upregulation of sITLN2 and sITLN3 was shown in sheep lung following D. filaria natural infection. Intelectins may play an important role in the mucosal response to nematode infections in ruminants

Effect of Quantitative Nuclear Image Features on Recurrence of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) of the Breast

BACKGROUND: Nuclear grade has been associated with breast DCIS recurrence and progression to invasive carcinoma; however, our previous study of a cohort of patients with breast DCIS did not find such an association with outcome. Fifty percent of patients had heterogeneous DCIS with more than one nuclear grade. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of quantitative nuclear features assessed with digital image analysis on ipsilateral DCIS recurrence.CONCLUSION: Analysis of nuclear features measured by image cytometry may contribute to the classification and prognosis of breast DCIS patients with more than one nuclear grade.Author manuscript. Published in final edited form as: Cancer Informatics 2008:4 99–109.The final published version of this article is located at: http://la-press.com/article.php?article_id=583NIH U56 CA113004; to David E. AxelrodThis work was funded by the New Jersey Commission for Cancer Research 1076-CCRS0, the National Institutes of Health U56 CA113004, the Hyde and Watson Foundation, the Busch Memorial Fund, and the E.B. Fish Research Fund.NJ Commission on Cancer Research 1076-CCR-SO; to David E. Axelro

Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS) with heterogeneity of nuclear grade: prognostic effects of quantitative nuclear assessment

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previously, 50% of patients with breast ductal carcinoma <it>in situ (</it>DCIS) had more than one nuclear grade, and neither worst nor predominant nuclear grade was significantly associated with development of invasive carcinoma. Here, we used image analysis in addition to histologic evaluation to determine if quantification of nuclear features could provide additional prognostic information and hence impact prognostic assessments.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Nuclear image features were extracted from about 200 nuclei of each of 80 patients with DCIS who underwent lumpectomy alone, and received no adjuvant systemic therapy. Nuclear images were obtained from 20 representative nuclei per duct, from each of a group of 5 ducts, in two separate fields, for 10 ducts. Reproducibility of image analysis features was determined, as was the ability of features to discriminate between nuclear grades. Patient information was available about clinical factors (age and method of DCIS detection), pathologic factors (DCIS size, nuclear grade, margin size, and amount of parenchymal involvement), and 39 image features (morphology, densitometry, and texture). The prognostic effects of these factors and features on the development of invasive breast cancer were examined with Cox step-wise multivariate regression.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Duplicate measurements were similar for 89.7% to 97.4% of assessed image features. For the pooled assessment with ~200 nuclei per patient, a discriminant function with one densitometric and two texture features was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with nuclear grading, and provided 78.8% correct jackknifed classification of a patient's nuclear grade. In multivariate assessments, image analysis nuclear features had significant prognostic associations (p ≤ 0.05) with the development of invasive breast cancer. Texture (difference entropy, p < 0.001; contrast, p < 0.001; peak transition probability, p = 0.01), densitometry (range density, p = 0.004), and measured margin (p = 0.05) were associated with development of invasive disease for the pooled data across all ducts.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Image analysis provided reproducible assessments of nuclear features which quantitated differences in nuclear grading for patients. Quantitative nuclear image features indicated prognostically significant differences in DCIS, and may contribute additional information to prognostic assessments of which patients are likely to develop invasive disease.</p

Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration: Final Report Volume 4 of 4

This is the Final Report for the Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration (PAC-PRD), authorized by section 5008 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, Public Law 109-171. The report has 12 sections, which are divided into four volumes: Volume 1: Executive Summary. Volume 2: Sections 1-4 (Section 1: Introduction; Section 2: Underlying Issues of the PAC-PRD Initiating Legislation; Section 3: Developing Standardized Measurement Approaches: The Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation (CARE); Section 4: Demonstration Methods and Data Collection) Volume 3: Sections 5-6 (Section 5: Framework for Analysis; Section 6: Factors Associated with Hospital Discharge Destination) Volume 4: Sections 7-12; References (Section 7: Outcomes: Hospital Readmissions; Section 8: Outcomes: Functional Status; Section 9: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Methods and Analytic Sample Description; Section 10: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Lessons from the CART Analysis; Section 11: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Multivariate Regression Results; Section 12: Conclusions and Review of Findings; References

Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration: Final Report Volume 2 of 4

This is the Final Report for the Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration (PAC-PRD), authorized by section 5008 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, Public Law 109-171. The report has 12 sections, which are divided into four volumes: Volume 1: Executive Summary. Volume 2: Sections 1-4 (Section 1: Introduction; Section 2: Underlying Issues of the PAC-PRD Initiating Legislation; Section 3: Developing Standardized Measurement Approaches: The Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation (CARE); Section 4: Demonstration Methods and Data Collection) Volume 3: Sections 5-6 (Section 5: Framework for Analysis; Section 6: Factors Associated with Hospital Discharge Destination) Volume 4: Sections 7-12; References (Section 7: Outcomes: Hospital Readmissions; Section 8: Outcomes: Functional Status; Section 9: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Methods and Analytic Sample Description; Section 10: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Lessons from the CART Analysis; Section 11: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Multivariate Regression Results; Section 12: Conclusions and Review of Findings; References

Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration: Final Report Volume 1 of 4

This is the Final Report for the Post-Acute Care Payment Reform Demonstration (PAC-PRD), authorized by section 5008 of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, Public Law 109-171. The report has 12 sections, which are divided into four volumes: Volume 1: Executive Summary. Volume 2: Sections 1-4 (Section 1: Introduction; Section 2: Underlying Issues of the PAC-PRD Initiating Legislation; Section 3: Developing Standardized Measurement Approaches: The Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation (CARE); Section 4: Demonstration Methods and Data Collection) Volume 3: Sections 5-6 (Section 5: Framework for Analysis; Section 6: Factors Associated with Hospital Discharge Destination) Volume 4: Sections 7-12; References (Section 7: Outcomes: Hospital Readmissions; Section 8: Outcomes: Functional Status; Section 9: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Methods and Analytic Sample Description; Section 10: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Lessons from the CART Analysis; Section 11: Determinants of Resource Intensity: Multivariate Regression Results; Section 12: Conclusions and Review of Findings; References