Salmon Aquaculture In Shetland And New Brunswick: A Comparative Study Of Resource Regimes Within A Moral Perspective

Development is a process of transformation within and among decision-making institutions. The oceans are a commons; the necessary institutions for resource management are organized within nation-state regimes and community-based regimes.;A morality is a framework of ethics governing participation in institutions and associated regimes. As social institutions, technology and property are moralities. Aquaculture, as new technology requiring the establishment of private property rights in a commons, is a development especially sensitive to the moral dimension.;Salmon aquaculturists in Shetland and New Brunswick use the same technology and exhibit very similar production profiles. Salmon farmers in Shetland have established themselves within a property regime that is completely community-based, characterized by a consistent morality known as the Shetland way . However, New Brunswick growers are caught within a clash between the moralities of a nation-state regime versus a community regime.;All regimes require trust; where there is not a shared morality, trust is problematic if not impossible. The Shetland way has facilitated trust of salmon farming among other users of Shetland\u27s marine resources. In New Brunswick a lack of trust has required development to be accomplished at the cost of a high degree of user conflict

Selenium supplementation acting through the induction of thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase protects the human endothelial cell line EAhy926 from damage by lipid hydroperoxides

AbstractThe human endothelial cell line EAhy926 was used to determine the importance of selenium in preventing oxidative damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tert-BuOOH) or oxidised low density lipoprotein (LDLox). In cells grown in a low selenium medium, tert-BuOOH and LDLox killed cells in a dose-dependent manner. At 555 mg/l LDLox or 300 μM tert-BuOOH, >80% of cells were killed after 20 h. No significant cell kill was achieved by these agents if cells were pre-incubated for 48 h with 40 nM sodium selenite, a concentration that maximally induced the activities of cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase (cyGPX; 5.1-fold), phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPX;1.9-fold) and thioredoxin reductase (TR; 3.1-fold). Selenium-deficient cells pre-treated with 1 μM gold thioglucose (GTG) (a concentration that inhibited 25% of TR activity but had no inhibitory effect on cyGPX or PHGPX activity) were significantly (P<0.05) more susceptible to tert-BuOOH toxicity (LC50 110 μM) than selenium-deficient cells (LC50 175 μM). This was also the case for LDLox. In contrast, cells pre-treated with 40 nM selenite prior to exposure to GTG were significantly more resistant to damage from tert-BuOOH and LDLox than Se-deficient cells. Treatment with GTG or selenite had no significant effect on intracellular total glutathione concentrations. These results suggest that selenium supplementation, acting through induction of TR and GPX, has the potential to protect the human endothelium from oxidative damage

André Chastagnol et le Sénat de Rome au Bas-Empire

Within the extensive range of work carried out by André Chastagnol, the Roman Senate of the Imperial period always occupied an important place, being very relevant also to his Préfecture urbaine and Fastes. It is of course the topic of his book published as Le Sénat romain à l’époque impériale : recherches sur la composition de l’Assemblée et le statut de ses membres. But, as the subtitle indicates, his interest in the Senate was primarily prosopographical. However, as the Curia rebuilt by Diocletian which still stands in the Forum reminds us, there is another aspect, namely the meetings of the Senate. Who had the right to attend ? What matters were discussed or decided ? What was the role of oratory in the Senate ? What was the relation of the Senate as a deliberative body to the Emperor, and what influence did the Senate of Rome have on Imperial legislation ? The paper attempts to sketch some evidence relevant to these questions.Dans la vaste série des travaux d’André Chastagnol, le Sénat romain de l’époque impériale a toujours occupé une place importante, comme déjà dans la Préfecture urbaine et les Fastes. Le Sénat est, bien sûr, le sujet du livre intitulé Le Sénat romain à l’époque impériale : recherches sur la composition de l'Assemblée et le statut de ses membres. Comme l’indique le sous-titre, l’intérêt d’André Chastagnol pour le Sénat portait essentiellement sur les personnes. Cependant, comme nous le rappelle la Curie reconstruite par Dioclétien qui subsiste encore sur le Forum, une autre question se présente, celle des réunions du Sénat. Qui avait le droit d’y siéger ? De quels sujets discutait-on et quelles décisions y étaient-elles prises ? Quel était le rôle de l’éloquence au Sénat ? Quels étaient les rapports du Sénat en tant qu’assemblée avec l’empereur et quelle était l’influence du Sénat de Rome sur la législation impériale ? Ce texte se propose de présenter quelques réflexions à ce propos.Millar Fergus. André Chastagnol et le Sénat de Rome au Bas-Empire. In: Ktèma : civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, N°26, 2001. pp. 217-220

Éd. Will, C. Orrieux, « Prosélytisme juif » ? Histoire d'une erreur, 1992

Millar Fergus. Éd. Will, C. Orrieux, « Prosélytisme juif » ? Histoire d'une erreur, 1992. In: Topoi, volume 3/1, 1993. pp. 299-304

W. Ball, Rome in the East : The Transformation of an Empire, 2000

Millar Fergus. W. Ball, Rome in the East : The Transformation of an Empire, 2000. In: Topoi, volume 10/2, 2000. pp. 485-492

Éd. Will, C. Orrieux, « Prosélytisme juif » ? Histoire d'une erreur, 1992

Millar Fergus. Éd. Will, C. Orrieux, « Prosélytisme juif » ? Histoire d'une erreur, 1992. In: Topoi, volume 3/1, 1993. pp. 299-304