Influence of natural factors on the position of settlements and their morphological characteristics in the example of the municipality of Irig

Settlements on the territory of the municipality of Irig were mostly formed under the influence of physical geographic elements. Except physical geographic elements, other elements, socio-geographic for example, which are used for the settlement formation are of secondary importance and they are not excluded. Springs with a lot of water along each brook valley were very important for their formation. Every settlement in the municipality either very small, the type of Prnjavor (Velika Remeta) or the larger one such as the seat of the municipality (Irig) is connected to the springs of an area of Fruška gora. This was of crucial importance for choosing a place for the original construction of the settlements on the territory of the municipality of Irig. The settlements of the municipality of Irig are: Irig, Vrdnik, Mala Remeta, Jazak, Rivica, Velika Remeta, Grgeteg, Krušedol - Prnjavor, Krušedol - Selo, Neredin, Šatrinci and Dobrodol. The position of settlements and their morphology considerably depend on natural conditions, and in the example of the municipality of Irig, they especially depend on the relief and hydro-geographic conditions

Geosite Assessment Using Three Different Methods; a Comparative Study of the Krupaja and the Zagubica Springs - Hydrological Heritage of Serbia

Hydrological heritage is a relatively new concept in the field of geosite assessment. The principal aim of this study is to apply M-GAM (Modified geosite assessment model) for comparative analysis of the Krupaja spring and the Zagubica (Mlava) spring, located in Homolje area, in Eastern Serbia. According to the classification of geosites of Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia, these sites are on the list of protected sites ("hydro(geo)logical" heritage sites) of extraordinary national importance; however, they still have not gained necessary recognition in Serbia. Thus, their assessment according to different target groups should provide a clearer picture of their current condition. As M-GAM considers that not all indicators for evaluation of geosites are of the same importance, this paper applies two methods for comparing and determining the importance of indicators and subindicators in the model (Analytical-hierarchy process (AHP) and descriptive statistics conducted by SPSS). Also, it is assumed that different target groups will give different importance to some indicators in the model, which would result in various evaluation scores for the same geosites. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of the assessment carried out by two different target groups - potential geotourists and geoexperts. The results obtained by AHP and descriptive statistics are quite similar, which confirms the reliability of respondents' answers and the results gained. The analyzed sites are differently positioned in the evaluation matrix, and implications are further discussed in the paper

Conservation of Geomorpological Heritage in the Homolje Area (Eastern SERBIA) - Current State and Perspectives

Homolje is one of the most developed geomorphological areas in Eastern Serbia. Shallow karsts prevail across this region with cover vegetation and soil, with developed surfaces, and underground karst landforms. This type of terrain leads to the occurrence of different geomorphological landforms that stand out from the rest, primarily for their scientific, aesthetic and ecological value, uses, and tourism potential. Gorges can be singled out as the largest geosites, then uvalas, caves, karst bridges, and tufa accumulations. Two are on the National list of geoheritage of Serbia as protected natural monuments. As geoheritage protects only authentic and representative landforms, the main task of this paper is to point out the most significant measures to improve the unsatisfactory current state of geomorphosites of the Homolje area and possible solutions for their conservation, adequate use and better tourism promotion. This paper presents a review of geomorphological heritage in this region of Serbia with a focus on its conservation

Landslides in Smederevo's region along right bank of the Danube river

Landslides are one of the forms of general denudation process. In geographic science this occurrence is also called: talus rock deposit, gliding, or land-slide (in Serbian language also known as 'urnis, lazina, bregolazina'). Land-slides in Serbia are widely expanded. The biggest presence they have in the south-eastern part of Pannonian plain, more precisely on the north slopes of Fruska gora and the part of the Danube basin between Belgrade and Smederevo. The biggest land-sliding complex in Serbia is next to the Danube, in the district of village Brestovik and it is called Rujiste. Land-slides in Smederevo's Danube basin are of recent character and the process itself is recurring because the Danube by eroding right river bank, disrupts repeatedly the stability of the hillslopes. In town district of Smederevo, active talus rock deposit endanger buildings, roads and other infrastructure, industrial and residential objects, orchards, vineyards

Klizišta u Smederevskom Podunavlju

Landslides are one of the forms of general denudation process. In geographic science this occurrence is also called: talus rock deposit, gliding, or land-slide (in Serbian language also known as 'urnis, lazina, bregolazina'). Land-slides in Serbia are widely expanded. The biggest presence they have in the south-eastern part of Pannonian plain, more precisely on the north slopes of Fruska gora and the part of the Danube basin between Belgrade and Smederevo. The biggest land-sliding complex in Serbia is next to the Danube, in the district of village Brestovik and it is called Rujiste. Land-slides in Smederevo's Danube basin are of recent character and the process itself is recurring because the Danube by eroding right river bank, disrupts repeatedly the stability of the hillslopes. In town district of Smederevo, active talus rock deposit endanger buildings, roads and other infrastructure, industrial and residential objects, orchards, vineyards.Klizišta su jedan od vidova opšteg denudacionog procesa. U geografskoj nauci ova pojava se još nazivi i: klizišta, urnis, cepanje, kliženje, lazina, bregolazina. Klizišta u Srbiji su široko rasprostranjena. Najveću zastupljenost pokazuju u jugoistočnom delu Panonske nizije, tačnije na severnim padinama Fruške gore i delu Podunavlja između Beograda i Smedereva. Najveća urvinska grupa u Srbiji, nalazi se pored Dunava u ataru sela Brestovik, a naziva se Rujište. Klizišta u Smederevskom Podunavlju su recentnog karaktera, a sam proces se permanentno održava jer Dunav potkopavanjem desne obale, stalno narušava stabilnost klizne mase. U neposrednom gradskom području Smedereva, aktivne urvine ugrožavaju zgrade, saobraćajnice i drugu infrastrukturu, industrijske i stambene objekte, voćnjake, vinograde

Geosite Assessment Using Three Different Methods; a Comparative Study of the Krupaja and the Žagubica Springs – Hydrological Heritage of Serbia

Hydrological heritage is a relatively new concept in the field of geosite assessment. The principal aim of this study is to apply M-GAM (Modified geosite assessment model) for comparative analysis of the Krupaja spring and the Žagubica (Mlava) spring, located in Homolje area, in Eastern Serbia. According to the classification of geosites of Institute for Nature Conservation of Serbia, these sites are on the list of protected sites (“hydro(geo)logical” heritage sites) of extraordinary national importance; however, they still have not gained necessary recognition in Serbia. Thus, their assessment according to different target groups should provide a clearer picture of their current condition. As M-GAM considers that not all indicators for evaluation of geosites are of the same importance, this paper applies two methods for comparing and determining the importance of indicators and subindicators in the model (Analytical-hierarchy process (AHP) and descriptive statistics conducted by SPSS). Also, it is assumed that different target groups will give different importance to some indicators in the model, which would result in various evaluation scores for the same geosites. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of the assessment carried out by two different target groups – potential geotourists and geoexperts. The results obtained by AHP and descriptive statistics are quite similar, which confirms the reliability of respondents’ answers and the results gained. The analyzed sites are differently positioned in the evaluation matrix, and implications are further discussed in the paper