Crowd-Based Open Innovation: Models, Challenges, and Trends

This article considers concepts, models, achieved results and emerging trends of the open innovation approach to organizing and conducting research and development activities in companies. The goal is to perform a comprehensive systematic analysis of literature that considers the open innovation models that focus on the collaboration of various stakeholders, including companies, academia, government, startups, individuals, and others, in the context of design and development of innovative digital services, through integration of crowd-sourcing and DevOps. As a result, we propose a new framework for organizing open innovation activities using DevOps practices for digitals service development. Finally, we present examples of implementing crowd-based open innovation models in various contexts

The influence of the initial preparation and crystallinity on the free radical evolution in gamma irradiated PLLA

Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) is a well-known biodegradable and biocompatible semi-crystalline polymer, used in a wide variety of applications, from implantable medical devices and drug release matrices to environmentally friendly packaging materials: diversity in the initial preparation, morphology and crystallinity plays a significant role in most of these applications. On the other hand, gamma radiation, as a processing tool, has often been used for the sterilisation of sensitive polymeric materials. This study presents the influence of the initial preparation and crystallinity on the gamma radiation-induced evolution of free radicals in PLLA. For this purpose, PLLA samples with a large variation in crystallinity (below 20% and over 70%), prepared by two different procedures, were exposed to gamma radiation in air to absorbed doses of 25, 50 and 100 kGy. The annealing treatment was applied to part of the samples, too. The presence and evolution of free radicals were followed using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy for three weeks. Further characterisation was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements. Presented results show that depending on the initial preparation conditions, the radiation-induced changes in structure and properties of PLLA, as well as the evolution of free radicals, can differ significantly. Furthermore, the annealing treatment substantially reduces the concentration of long-lived free radicals, but can also introduce significant crystallisation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.12th Tihany Symposium on Radiation Chemistry, Aug 27-Sep 01, 2011, Zalakaros, Hungar

Influence of manual thrombus aspiration on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Introduction. Data on effects of thrombus aspiration on left ventricular diastolic function in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) population are scarce. Objective. We sought to compare echocardiographic indices of the diastolic function and outcomes in STEMI patients treated with and without manual thrombus aspiration, in an academic, high-volume percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) center. Methods. A total of 433 consecutive patients who underwent primary PCI in 2011-2012 were enrolled in the study. Patients were not eligible for the study if they already suffered a myocardial infarction, had been previously revascularized, received thrombolytics, presented with cardiogenic shock, had significant valvular disease, atrial fibrillation or had previously implanted pacemaker. Comprehensive echocardiogram was performed within 48 hours. During follow-up patients’ status was assessed by an office visit or telephone interview. Results. Patients treated with thrombus aspiration (TA+, n=216) had similar baseline characteristics as those without thrombus aspiration (TA-, n=217). Groups had similar total ischemic time (319 ± 276 vs. 333±372 min; p=0.665), but TA+ group had higher maximum values of troponin I (39.5 ± 30.5 vs. 27.6 ± 26.9 ng/ml; p<0.001). The echocardiography revealed similar left ventricular volumes and systolic function, but TA+ group had significantly higher incidence of E/e’>15, as a marker of severe diastolic dysfunction (TA+ 23.1% vs. TA- 15.2%; p=0.050). During average follow-up of 14Ѓ}5 months, major adverse cardiac/ cerebral events occurred at the similar rate (log rank p=0.867). Conclusion. Thrombus aspiration is associated with a greater incidence of severe diastolic dysfunction in unselected STEMI patients treated with primary PCI, but it doesn’t influence the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 175099