Optimisation of nonlinear photonic devices: design of optical fibre spectra and plasmonic systems

El propósito de esta tesis es diseñar y optimizar dispositivos fotónicos en el régimen no lineal. En particular, se han elegido dos tipos de dispositivos, que se clasifican según los fenómenos físicos de interés. La primera clase corresponde a fibras convencionales o de cristal fotónico, diseñadas para que la dinámica temporal de los paquetes de onda que se propagan en su interior genere espectros con las características deseadas, en el contexto del supercontinuo. La segunda clase explota la fenomenología espacial asociada a las ondas electromagnéticas que se propagan sobre la superficie de un metal. Estas ondas permiten, desde diseñar dispositivos tipo chip fotónico cuyas dimensiones típicas están muy por debajo de la longitud de onda de la luz, hasta la generación de estados no lineales híbridos de dinámica singular. Todos estos efectos tienen lugar dentro del marco proporcionado por las ecuaciones de Maxwell macroscópicas, las cuales han sido resueltas numéricamente. En algunos casos se emplean grandes aproximaciones teóricas para estudiar sistemas 1D, mientras que en otros se integran directamente en 3D. En el caso en el que la optimización del dispositivo resulta no trivial tras haber adquirido un conocimiento teórico profundo del mismo, se emplea una novedosa herramienta numérica que nace de la combinación de algoritmos genéticos con plataforma Grid.Milián Enrique, C. (2012). Optimisation of nonlinear photonic devices: design of optical fibre spectra and plasmonic systems [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14670Palanci

Anomalous effects of radioactive decay rates and capacitance values measured inside a modified Faraday cage: Correlations with space weather

[EN] Recently we reported (Mili¿an-S¿anchez V. et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 828 (2016) 210) our experimental results involving 226Ra decay rate and capacitance measurements inside a modified Faraday cage. Our measurements exhibited anomalous effects of unknown origin. In this letter we report new results regarding our investigation into the origins of the observed effects. We report preliminary findings of a correlation analysis between the radioactive decay rates and capacitance time series and space weather related variables (geomagnetic field disturbances and cosmic-ray neutron counts). A significant correlation was observed for specific data sets. The results are presented and possible implications for future work discussed.Scholkmann, F.; Milian Sanchez, V.; Mocholí Salcedo, A.; Milián Enrique, C.; Kolombet, V.; Verdú Martín, GJ. (2017). Anomalous effects of radioactive decay rates and capacitance values measured inside a modified Faraday cage: Correlations with space weather. EPL (Europhysics Letters). 117(6):62002-1-62002-3. doi:10.1209/0295-5075/117/62002S62002-162002-3117

Supercontinuum optimization for dual-soliton based light sources using genetic algorithms in a grid platform

© 2014 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibitedWe present a numerical strategy to design fiber based dual pulse light sources exhibiting two predefined spectral peaks in the anomalous group velocity dispersion regime. The frequency conversion is based on the soliton fission and soliton self-frequency shift occurring during super- continuum generation. The optimization process is carried out by a genetic algorithm that provides the optimum input pulse parameters: wavelength, temporal width and peak power. This algorithm is implemented in a Grid platform in order to take advantage of distributed computing. These results are useful for optical coherence tomography applications where bell-shaped pulses located in the second near-infrared window are needed.F. R. A. S. thanks the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT). F. R. A. S. and M. T. C. acknowledge partial funding provided by the projects CONCyTEG (GTO-2012-C03-195247) and DAIP-UG 382/2014. I. T. G. acknowledges CONACyT for partial support, project: 106764 (CB-2008-1). The work of A. F. was supported by the MINECO under Grant No. TEC2010-15327. C. M. thanks Dr. Miguel Arevalillo Herraez for details on GAs. F. R. A. S thanks Dr. Daniel Ceballos for providing the numerical data for the fiber dispersion.Arteaga Sierra, FR.; Milián Enrique, C.; Torres-Gómez, I.; Torres-Cisneros, M.; Moltó, G.; Ferrando Cogollos, A. (2014). Supercontinuum optimization for dual-soliton based light sources using genetic algorithms in a grid platform. Optics Express. 22(19):23686-23693. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.023686S23686236932219Gordon, J. P. (1986). Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift. Optics Letters, 11(10), 662. doi:10.1364/ol.11.000662Mitschke, F. M., & Mollenauer, L. F. 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Multi-peak-spectra generation with Cherenkov radiation in a non-uniform single mode fiber. Optics Express, 22(3), 2451. doi:10.1364/oe.22.002451Dekker, S. A., Judge, A. C., Pant, R., Gris-Sánchez, I., Knight, J. C., de Sterke, C. M., & Eggleton, B. J. (2011). Highly-efficient, octave spanning soliton self-frequency shift using a specialized photonic crystal fiber with low OH loss. Optics Express, 19(18), 17766. doi:10.1364/oe.19.017766Rothhardt, J., Heidt, A. M., Hädrich, S., Demmler, S., Limpert, J., & Tünnermann, A. (2012). High stability soliton frequency-shifting mechanisms for laser synchronization applications. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 29(6), 1257. doi:10.1364/josab.29.001257Al-kadry Alaa M., & Rochette, M. (2012). Mid-infrared sources based on the soliton self-frequency shift. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 29(6), 1347. doi:10.1364/josab.29.001347Judge, A. C., Bang, O., Eggleton, B. J., Kuhlmey, B. T., Mägi, E. C., Pant, R., & de Sterke, C. M. (2009). Optimization of the soliton self-frequency shift in a tapered photonic crystal fiber. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 26(11), 2064. doi:10.1364/josab.26.002064Pricking, S., & Giessen, H. (2010). Tailoring the soliton and supercontinuum dynamics by engineering the profile of tapered fibers. Optics Express, 18(19), 20151. doi:10.1364/oe.18.020151Pant, R., Judge, A. C., Magi, E. C., Kuhlmey, B. T., de Sterke, M., & Eggleton, B. J. (2010). Characterization and optimization of photonic crystal fibers for enhanced soliton self-frequency shift. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 27(9), 1894. doi:10.1364/josab.27.001894Ferrando, A., Milián, C., González, N., Moltó, G., Loza, P., Arevalillo-Herráez, M., … Hernández, V. (2010). Designing supercontinuum spectra using Grid technology. 2nd Workshop on Specialty Optical Fibers and Their Applications (WSOF-2). doi:10.1117/12.867203Akhmediev, N., & Karlsson, M. (1995). Cherenkov radiation emitted by solitons in optical fibers. Physical Review A, 51(3), 2602-2607. doi:10.1103/physreva.51.2602Wang, J., Geng, Y.-J., Guo, B., Klima, T., Lal, B. N., Willerson, J. T., & Casscells, W. (2002). Near-infrared spectroscopic characterization of human advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 39(8), 1305-1313. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(02)01767-9Wang, Y., Nelson, J., Chen, Z., Reiser, B., Chuck, R., & Windeler, R. (2003). Optimal wavelength for ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography. Optics Express, 11(12), 1411. doi:10.1364/oe.11.001411Humbert, G., Wadsworth, W., Leon-Saval, S., Knight, J., Birks, T., St. J. Russell, P., … Stifter, D. (2006). Supercontinuum generation system for optical coherence tomography based on tapered photonic crystal fibre. Optics Express, 14(4), 1596. doi:10.1364/oe.14.001596Wang, Y., Zhao, Y., Nelson, J. S., Chen, Z., & Windeler, R. S. (2003). Ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography by broadband continuum generation from a photonic crystal fiber. Optics Letters, 28(3), 182. doi:10.1364/ol.28.000182Spöler, F., Kray, S., Grychtol, P., Hermes, B., Bornemann, J., Först, M., & Kurz, H. (2007). Simultaneous dual-band ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography. Optics Express, 15(17), 10832. doi:10.1364/oe.15.010832Smith, A. M., Mancini, M. C., & Nie, S. (2009). Second window for in vivo imaging. Nature Nanotechnology, 4(11), 710-711. doi:10.1038/nnano.2009.326Huntley, J. M., Widjanarko, T., & Ruiz, P. D. (2010). Hyperspectral interferometry for single-shot absolute measurement of two-dimensional optical path distributions. Measurement Science and Technology, 21(7), 075304. doi:10.1088/0957-0233/21/7/075304Cao, Q., Zhegalova, N. G., Wang, S. T., Akers, W. J., & Berezin, M. Y. (2013). Multispectral imaging in the extended near-infrared window based on endogenous chromophores. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 18(10), 101318. doi:10.1117/1.jbo.18.10.101318Kodama, Y., & Hasegawa, A. (1987). Nonlinear pulse propagation in a monomode dielectric guide. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 23(5), 510-524. doi:10.1109/jqe.1987.1073392Driben, R., Malomed, B. A., Yulin, A. V., & Skryabin, D. V. (2013). Newton’s cradles in optics: FromN-soliton fission to soliton chains. Physical Review A, 87(6). doi:10.1103/physreva.87.063808Feldchtein, F. I., Gelikonov, G. V., Gelikonov, V. M., Iksanov, R. R., Kuranov, R. V., Sergeev, A. M., … Reitze, D. H. (1998). In vivo OCT imaging of hard and soft tissue of the oral cavity. Optics Express, 3(6), 239. doi:10.1364/oe.3.000239Gelikonov, V. M., Gelikonov, G. V., & Feldchtein, F. I. (2004). Two-wavelength optical coherence tomography. Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, 47(10-11), 848-859. doi:10.1007/s11141-005-0024-7Fujimoto, J. G., Pitris, C., Boppart, S. A., & Brezinski, M. E. (2000). Optical Coherence Tomography: An Emerging Technology for Biomedical Imaging and Optical Biopsy. Neoplasia, 2(1-2), 9-25. doi:10.1038/sj.neo.7900071Fujimoto, J. G. (2003). Optical coherence tomography for ultrahigh resolution in vivo imaging. Nature Biotechnology, 21(11), 1361-1367. doi:10.1038/nbt892Kerrinckx, E., Bigot, L., Douay, M., & Quiquempois, Y. (2004). Photonic crystal fiber design by means of a genetic algorithm. Optics Express, 12(9), 1990. doi:10.1364/opex.12.001990Zhang, W. Q., Sharping, J. E., White, R. T., Monro, T. M., & Afshar V., S. (2010). Design and optimization of fiber optical parametric oscillators for femtosecond pulse generation. Optics Express, 18(16), 17294. doi:10.1364/oe.18.017294Zhang, W. Q., Afshar V., S., & Monro, T. M. (2009). A genetic algorithm based approach to fiber design for high coherence and large bandwidth supercontinuum generation. Optics Express, 17(21), 19311. doi:10.1364/oe.17.019311Musin, R. R., & Zheltikov, A. M. (2008). 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Ecofriendly Perovskites with Giant Self-Defocusing Optical Response

[EN] The full optical control of light using sustainable green technologies is one of the incipient challenges of the Photonics community. There are, however, few optical materials able to provide a significant nonlinear refractive index change under small enough intensities (< 1 GW cm(-2)), and, more importantly, allowing the external control of the magnitude and sign of their nonlinear response. This manuscript demonstrates that Cs2SnI6 lead-free nanocrystals (NCs) present an extraordinary self-defocusing response not yet observed up to now in any material. Despite its complex structural form, these NCs are fully characterized here, both experimentally and theoretically, revealing a giant negative refractive change Delta n = -0.05 under proper illumination conditions. The nonlinear response is tuned with the intensity, concentration of NCs in the solvent, and propagation distance leading to a crossover where the media transforms to self-focusing with Delta n = +0.002. These results can provide fascinating opportunities in sensing and light-matter interactions for a future ecofriendly photonic technology.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 862656 (project DROP-IT) and by the Spanish MICINN through project no. PID2020-120484RB-I00 and by Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEO/2021/082.Suárez, I.; Martinez-Pastor, JP.; Oszajca, MF.; Lüchinger, NA.; Graves, B.; Agouram, S.; Milián Enrique, C.... (2022). Ecofriendly Perovskites with Giant Self-Defocusing Optical Response. Advanced Optical Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.20220212

Cumulative Effects in 100 kHz Repetition-Rate Laser-Induced Plasma Filaments in Air

[EN] Cumulative effects are crucial for applications of laser filaments, such as for the remote transfer of energy and the control of electric discharges. Up to now, studies of cumulative effects in the air of high-repetition-rate pulse trains have been performed at lower rates than 10 kHz. Herein, the nonlinear effects associated with short plasma filaments produced by pulses of moderate energy (0.4 mJ per pulse) and repetition rates up to 100 kHz are experimentally characterized. With increasing repetition rate, a decrease in absorption, fluorescence emission, and breakdown voltage and concurrently an increase in peak intensity and third-harmonic-generation efficiency are observed. Hydrodynamic simulations of the heated gas show that the observed decreases are directly related to a quasi-stationary state of reduced gas density in the filament. However, further investigations are required to fully understand the physics underpinning the observed sharp reduction of the breakdown voltage at 100 kHz repetition rates. The results may prove relevant for energy and information delivery applications by laser-induced air waveguide or electric discharge and lightning control.TJW acknowledges the support from NSAF (Grant no. U2130123), Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant no. XDB16), International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant nos. 181231KYSB20200033 and 181231KYSB20200040), Shanghai Science and Technology Program (Grant no. 21511105000), and Oversea Training Program of Ministry of Science and Technology. MC acknowledges the support from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (Fellowship "In-Tempo" EP/S001573/1), and the Royal Society (RGS\R1\201365). JCD acknowledges the support of NASA (SBIR grant 80NSSC22PB067). The authors wish to acknowledge Drs. Jean-Pierre Wolf, Jerome Kasparaian, Clara Saraceno, and Olga Kosareva for enlightening discussions.Wang, T.; Ebrahim, MH.; Afxenti, I.; Adamou, D.; Dada, AC.; Li, R.; Leng, Y.... (2023). Cumulative Effects in 100 kHz Repetition-Rate Laser-Induced Plasma Filaments in Air. Advanced Photonics Research. 4(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.2022003384

Quartic Kerr cavity combs: bright and dark solitons

[EN] We theoretically investigate the dynamics, bifurcation structure, and stability of localized states in Kerr cavities driven at the pure fourth-order dispersion point. Both the normal and anomalous group velocity dispersion regimes are analyzed, highlighting the main differences from the standard second-order dispersion case. In the anomalous regime, single and multi-peak localized states exist and are stable over a much wider region of the parameter space. In the normal dispersion regime, stable narrow bright solitons exist. Some of our findings can be understood using a new, to the best of our knowledge, scenario reported here for the spatial eigenvalues, which imposes oscillatory tails to all localized states.PPR acknowledges the European Union's Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant 101023717. SH and AA have been supported by NSF RTG grant DMS-1840260 and AA was supported by grant NSF/DMS-1909559. SH and AA also benefited from discussions with Dr. Ross Parker. YVK and CM gratefully acknowledge discussions with Professor L. Torner.Parra-Rivas, P.; Hetzel, S.; Kartashov, Y.; Fernández De Córdoba, P.; Conejero, JA.; Aceves, A.; Milián Enrique, C. (2022). Quartic Kerr cavity combs: bright and dark solitons. Optics Letters. 47(10):2438-2441. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.45594424382441471

Modelado de ondas no lineales en fotónica, plasmónica y átomos fríos

[EN] We review the present status of the different lines of research in the area of Photonics at the Interdisciplinary Modeling Group, InterTech (www.intertech.upv.es) paying special attention to new topics that we have recently incorporated to our research interests: temporal solitons and design of supercontinuum generation, plasmon-soliton interaction, nonlinear effects of the quantum electrodynamics vacuum, and, finally, cold atoms in the mean-field and quantum regimes. © Sociedad Española de Óptica.[ES] En este artículo presentamos el estado actual de las diferentes líneas de investigación desarrolladas en el área de Fotónica del Grupo de Modelización Interdisciplinar, InterTech (www.intertech.upv.es) prestando especial atención a aquellas que han sido incorporadas recientemente: solitones temporales y diseño de la generación de supercontínuo, interacción plasmón-solitón, efectos no lineales del vacío en electrodinámica cuántica y, finalmente, átomos fríos en el régimen de campo medio y en el régimen cuánticoThis work was partially supported by the Government of Spain No. TIN2006-12890.Ferrando, A.; Milián Enrique, C.; Ceballos Herrera, DE.; González, N.; Orquín Serrano, I.; García March, MÁ.; Zacarés, M.... (2011). Modeling nonlinear waves in photonics, plasmonics and cold atoms. Óptica Pura y Aplicada. 44(3):455-461. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/2831145546144