Nitroxide-mediated polymerization of bio-based farnesene and glycidyl methacrylate

There is increasing interest in using bio-based monomers to synthesize polymers that have comparable properties to petroleum-derived polymers. Terpenes like farnesene and myrcene have multiple unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds that can be polymerized like commonly known dienes (i.e. butadiene, isoprene). Farnesene is naturally found in essential oils and released as a pheromone to repel insects, but can also be produced through microbial pathways. In this work, farnesene (Far) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were randomly copolymerized via nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP). Traditionally, NMP of methacrylates is not well-controlled due to slow recombination between the nitroxide radical and growing radical chain.1-2 The succinamidyl ester form of the commercial BlocBuilder MA initiator, NHS-BlocBuilder, shows good control over NMP of methacrylates with the addition of 5-10 mol% of controlling monomer like styrene, without any additional free nitroxide.3 At 120°C, copolymerizations of Far and GMA at various molar compositions without controlling monomer were done using NHS-BlocBuilder in bulk. Reactivity ratios of Far/GMA copolymerization were determined to be rFar = 0.58 and rGMA = 0.25 and the Mayo-Lewis plot is shown in Figure 1. For Far-rich compositions, dispersity was ~1.4 and showed linear chain growth. GMA-rich copolymerizations were also done at 90°C and showed good control suggesting that farnesene can act as a controlling monomer for NMP of GMA. Chain extension of Far/GMA random copolymers will be done with styrene to investigate chain-fidelity. Furthermore, a newly developed initiator based on a new class of alkoxyamines4 will be used to copolymerize farnesene and GMA and its kinetics will be compared with NHS-BlocBuilder. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Pravna regulacija bespilotnih letjelica i mjere sprječavanja zlouporabe u Republici Hrvatskoj s policijskog aspekta

Sažetak Bespilotne letjelice sve su prisutnije u uporabi širokih masa i predstavljaju tehnologiju budućnosti. Praktična primjena bespilotnih letjelica velika je u gotovo svim sferama društva, od obične zabave, preko poljoprivrede i industrije, uslužnih djelatnosti pa do poslova zaštite, spašavanja te vojne i redarstvene svrhe. Svoj interes u korištenju bespilotnih letjelica pronalaze i kriminalne skupine i pojedinci jer svoj zločinački naum mogu učinkovito obaviti sa sigurne udaljenosti. Budući da su bespilotne letjelice svima lako dostupne, jeftine, pokretljive i malene pa stoga i teško uočljive, upravljane na daljinu ili unaprijed programirane, tihe, mogu se opremiti raznim dodacima (senzorima, kamerom, eksplozivom, radioaktivnim materijalom…) - predstavljaju ozbiljan sigurnosni problem te je sprečavanje nezakonitih aktivnosti u kojima se koriste bespilotne letjelice izniman izazov za redarstvene vlasti i zahtijeva bolju kontrolu. U radu se prikazuje pravna regulacija upotrebe bespilotnih letjelica u Republici Hrvatskoj, iznose se neki primjeri dosad zabilježenih sigurnosnih incidenata korištenjem bespilotnih letjelica, mogućnosti zaštite od zloupotrebe bespilotnih letjelica te se daje osvrt na postupak opremanja MUP-a uređajem za onesposobljavanje leta bespilotnih letjelica, tzv. protudronske puške

Navijački korteo s aspekta javnog okupljanja

U praksi prekršajnih sudova koji su postupali u povodu prijava protiv organizatora i/ili voditelja kortea zbog prekršaja iz Zakona o javnom okupljanju, zauzet je stav da korteo sam po sebi ne pripada u javna okupljanja s obvezom prijavljivanja nadležnom tijelu, a da je prilikom podnošenja optužnog prijedloga ovlašteni tužitelj dužan zauzeti stav i precizirati o kakvoj se točno određenoj vrsti javnog okupljanja radi (mirno okupljanje i javni prosvjed, javne priredbe ili drugi oblici okupljanja) a nije dozvoljeno koristiti općeniti (skupni) termin ̶ javno okupljanje

Belittling or insulting the referee with the content of the banner

„Neprihvatljivo je ostvarivanje prava na slobodu izražavanja kad se ono ostvaruje izražavanjem ideja i misli, informacijama i njihovim širenjem na osobito ponižavajući i uvredljiv način. Upotrebu takvog jezika u ostvarivanju prava na slobodu izražavanja ne opravdava ni javni interes ni bilo koja stvar od općeg značaja“ Visoki prekršajni sud Republike Hrvatske, broj: Ppž-6854/2021 U praksi javnih okupljanja transparenti su nezaobilazno sredstvo izražavanja i prenošenja poruka, a njihovim sadržajem može se kritizirati rad institucija. Granice kritike kao prava na slobodu izražavanja su široke, no nisu apsolutne, a tekstom transparenta može se ostvariti kazneni ili prekršajni delikt (kleveta, uvreda, omalovažavanje). U smislu članka 17. Zakona o prekršajima protiv javnog reda i mira (NN 5/90, 30/90, 47/90, 29/94, 114/22) transparent može eksplicitno prikazivati sadržaj koji nedvojbeno vrijeđa ili omalovažava, a isto tako, sadržaj kao nečiji vrijednosni sud može implicitno štetiti ugledu i časti službene osobe, u kojem slučaju se ne radi o dopuštenoj kritici već omalovažavanju službene osobe.Belittling or insulting the referee with the content of the banne

Belittling or insulting the referee with the content of the banner

„Neprihvatljivo je ostvarivanje prava na slobodu izražavanja kad se ono ostvaruje izražavanjem ideja i misli, informacijama i njihovim širenjem na osobito ponižavajući i uvredljiv način. Upotrebu takvog jezika u ostvarivanju prava na slobodu izražavanja ne opravdava ni javni interes ni bilo koja stvar od općeg značaja“ Visoki prekršajni sud Republike Hrvatske, broj: Ppž-6854/2021 U praksi javnih okupljanja transparenti su nezaobilazno sredstvo izražavanja i prenošenja poruka, a njihovim sadržajem može se kritizirati rad institucija. Granice kritike kao prava na slobodu izražavanja su široke, no nisu apsolutne, a tekstom transparenta može se ostvariti kazneni ili prekršajni delikt (kleveta, uvreda, omalovažavanje). U smislu članka 17. Zakona o prekršajima protiv javnog reda i mira (NN 5/90, 30/90, 47/90, 29/94, 114/22) transparent može eksplicitno prikazivati sadržaj koji nedvojbeno vrijeđa ili omalovažava, a isto tako, sadržaj kao nečiji vrijednosni sud može implicitno štetiti ugledu i časti službene osobe, u kojem slučaju se ne radi o dopuštenoj kritici već omalovažavanju službene osobe.Belittling or insulting the referee with the content of the banne

Application of molecular markers in apple breeding

Apple is economically the most important species of genus Malus Miller. In respect of production, trade and consumption, it ranks first among deciduous fruit and third on a global scale among all fruit species. Apple breeding is carried out on a large scale in several scientific institutes throughout the world. Due to this activity, apple is a fruit species with the highest number of described monogenic traits; 76 genes, encoding morphological traits, pest and disease resistance, as well as 69 genes encoding enzymes. The development of molecular markers (RFLPs, AFLPs, SCARs and SSRs) has allowed the mapping of the apple genome and the development of several saturated genetic maps, to which genes controlling important traits are assigned. Markers flanking these genes not only play an important role in selecting parental combinations and seedlings with positive traits, but they are also particularly important in detecting recessive traits, such as seedless fruit. In addition they enable pre-selection for polygenic quantitative traits. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to biochemical and physiological processes involved in the pathway of important traits e.g., ripening and the storage capability of apple fruit

The influence of subjective norm and perceived behavior control of visitors’ on the intention to revisit the olive farm

Subjektivna norma i percipirana kontrola ponašanja su u mnogim istraživanjima imali utjecaja na namjeru/ponašanje. Cilj rada je utvrditi utjecaj subjektivne norme i percipirane kontrole ponašanja posjetitelja prema namjeri ponovnog posjeta maslinarskim gospodarstvima u Istri. Istraživanje je provedeno na 6 maslinarskih gospodarstava otvorenih za posjetitelje na području Istarske županije u razdoblju od lipnja do listopada 2019. godine. Posjetiteljima je uručen upitnik nakon završenog posjeta. Za potrebe izrade ovoga rada korištena su pitanja o socio-demografskim osobinama, varijablama ponašanje na putovanju, te pitanja o subjektivnoj normi i percipiranoj kontroli ponašanja, te namjeri ponovnog posjeta gospodarstvu. U istraživanje su uključena 262 pravovaljano ispunjena upitnika. Prikupljeni podaci su analizirani putem frekvencija, te parametrijskih testova (t-test i jednosmjerna analiza varijance ANOVA). Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno nešto više ženskih ispitanica, većina ima završen fakultet, pretežito imaju mjesečne prihode veće od 1.501 eura, te su uglavnom životne dobi iznad 57 godina. Sve izjave o subjektivnoj normi i percipiranoj kontroli ponašanja pokazale su značajnu povezanost s namjerom ponovnog posjeta maslinarskom gospodarstvu. Posjetitelji s pozitivnijim ocjenama subjektivne norme i percipirane kontrole ponašanja imaju i veću namjeru ponovnog posjeta gospodarstvu.Subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had an impact on intention/behavior in many studies. The aim of the paper is to determine the influence of subjective norm and perceived control over visitor behavior on the intention to revisit olive farms in Istria. The study was conducted at 6 olive farms in Istria County that were open to visitors in the period from June to October 2019. After the visit, visitors were given a questionnaire. For this paper, we used questions on sociodemographic characteristics, travel behavior variables, and questions on subjective norm and perceived behavioral control and intention to revisit. A total of 262 validly completed questionnaires were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed using frequencies, parametric tests (t-test, one-way ANOVA). The sample contains slightly more female respondents, most of whom have completed their education, most of whom have a monthly income of more than 1,501 euros and most of whom are over 57 years old. All statements regarding subjective norm and perceived behavioral control showed a significant relationship with intention to revisit the olive farm. Visitors with more positive ratings of subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had a greater intention to revisit the farm

The influence of subjective norm and perceived behavior control of visitors’ on the intention to revisit the olive farm

Subjektivna norma i percipirana kontrola ponašanja su u mnogim istraživanjima imali utjecaja na namjeru/ponašanje. Cilj rada je utvrditi utjecaj subjektivne norme i percipirane kontrole ponašanja posjetitelja prema namjeri ponovnog posjeta maslinarskim gospodarstvima u Istri. Istraživanje je provedeno na 6 maslinarskih gospodarstava otvorenih za posjetitelje na području Istarske županije u razdoblju od lipnja do listopada 2019. godine. Posjetiteljima je uručen upitnik nakon završenog posjeta. Za potrebe izrade ovoga rada korištena su pitanja o socio-demografskim osobinama, varijablama ponašanje na putovanju, te pitanja o subjektivnoj normi i percipiranoj kontroli ponašanja, te namjeri ponovnog posjeta gospodarstvu. U istraživanje su uključena 262 pravovaljano ispunjena upitnika. Prikupljeni podaci su analizirani putem frekvencija, te parametrijskih testova (t-test i jednosmjerna analiza varijance ANOVA). Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno nešto više ženskih ispitanica, većina ima završen fakultet, pretežito imaju mjesečne prihode veće od 1.501 eura, te su uglavnom životne dobi iznad 57 godina. Sve izjave o subjektivnoj normi i percipiranoj kontroli ponašanja pokazale su značajnu povezanost s namjerom ponovnog posjeta maslinarskom gospodarstvu. Posjetitelji s pozitivnijim ocjenama subjektivne norme i percipirane kontrole ponašanja imaju i veću namjeru ponovnog posjeta gospodarstvu.Subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had an impact on intention/behavior in many studies. The aim of the paper is to determine the influence of subjective norm and perceived control over visitor behavior on the intention to revisit olive farms in Istria. The study was conducted at 6 olive farms in Istria County that were open to visitors in the period from June to October 2019. After the visit, visitors were given a questionnaire. For this paper, we used questions on sociodemographic characteristics, travel behavior variables, and questions on subjective norm and perceived behavioral control and intention to revisit. A total of 262 validly completed questionnaires were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed using frequencies, parametric tests (t-test, one-way ANOVA). The sample contains slightly more female respondents, most of whom have completed their education, most of whom have a monthly income of more than 1,501 euros and most of whom are over 57 years old. All statements regarding subjective norm and perceived behavioral control showed a significant relationship with intention to revisit the olive farm. Visitors with more positive ratings of subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had a greater intention to revisit the farm

ALCOHOLIC AND POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

Background: Delirium is an urgent condition in psychiatry and it occurs after long-lasting alcohol abuse, in surgical procedures and other organic mental syndromes with deprivation of interpersonal and social stimulations. The aim was to evaluate of sociodemographical and psychopathological differences in delirium patients with alcoholand surgical genesis, studied in period from January 1st 2003 to December 31st 2012 in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). Subjects and methods: Subjects were divided into two groups: alcoholics (N=75) and surgical patients (N=75) and multicentric, prospective study was performed in B&H. The following instruments have been used: list of general data (according to MCD-10 criteria), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Becks test of anxiety (BAI), Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale (HDRS) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Descriptive and analytical statistical processing of patients has been performed (alpha level: 0.001). Results: Patients from alcohol group showed, with statistical significance p=0.001, the following: unemployment (OR=0.657, CI 0.540-670), ruined marriage (OR=0.570, CI 0.650-710), alcohol abuse (OR=0.179, CI 0.860-0.990), on represented expressed psychoticism, (OR=0.635, CI 0.550-0.715) in EPQ test, HDRS total was more frequent (OR=0.925, CI 0.870-1.120) and on MMSE test, total score was more frequent (OR=0.560, CI 0.570-810). Postoperative patients were older p=0.001 (OR= 1.120, CI 1.082- 1.159) with acutestress: (OR=0.735, CI 0.650-0.910) and showed neuroticism (OR=-0.660, CI 0.575-0.715). Discriminative function confirms the differences between alcohol and surgical groups of delirium patients: Canonical Fcn: r=0.771; Wilkin’s lambda

Liječenje kompleksnih prijeloma platoa tibije Ilizarovljevom tehnikom

Complex tibial plateau fractures are most commonly caused by high-energy trauma and they are often associated with severe soft tissue injuries that can frequently result in severe complications. Ilizarov external circular fixation is an ideal method of treatment for highenergy fractures of the tibial plateau when extensive soft tissue dissection and internal fixation are contraindicated. Our research included 50 consecutive patients and clinical features of the patients were evaluated during the follow up period using the following instruments: Gustillo-Anderson, Schatzker and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/ OTA) classification methods. Bony results were evaluated using the Association of the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) protocol. The mean functional recovery scores were obtained by the modified functional evaluation system of Karlstrom-Olerud. All fractures healed successfully. Circular fixators could be removed without anesthesia for type IV fractures at 16 weeks (range 12-21) and for type V-VI at 18 weeks (range 15-26) after the operation. According to ASAMI bone results, there were 39 (78%) excellent, 7 (14%) good, 3 (6%) fair results and 1 (2%) poor result. Analysis of data obtained by the Karlstrom-Olerud functional evaluation system in this study yielded a mean value of 24.7 after six months, which implies recovery. Functional recovery at 12 months after surgery revealed satisfactory recovery with a mean value of 27.7, whereas the mean score of 29.8 recorded at the last evaluation suggested good functional status. The treatment of patients with open and closed multiple intra-articular fractures of proximal tibia applying Ilizarov apparatus showed good functional outcome, which had positive impact on our patients’ quality of life.Kompleksni prijelomi platoa tibije su često uzrokovani visoko energetskom traumom i udruženi su s teškim povredama mekog tkiva koje često rezultiraju teškim komplikacijama. Cirkularna vanjska fiksacija po Ilizarovu je idealna metoda liječenja visoko energetskih trauma tibijalnog platoa kada su ekstenzivna mekotkivna disekcija i unutarnja fiksacija kontraindicirane. Naše istraživanje je uključilo 50 bolesnika, a njihove kliničke značajke su procenjivane tijekom razdoblja evaluacije koristeći sljedeće instrumente: klasifikacije Gustillo-Anderson, Schatzker i AO/OTA. Koštani rezultati su procjenjivani koristeći protokol Association of the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI). Prosječni funkcionalni oporavak je određen pomoću modificiranog evaluacijskog sustava po Karlstrom-Olerudu. Svi prijelomi su uspješno srasli. Cirkularni fiksatori su se mogli ukloniti bez anestezije 16 tjedana (raspon 12-21 tjedan) za prijelome tipa IV., a za tipove V.-VI. 18 (raspon 15-26) tjedana nakon operacije. Prema koštanim rezultatima ASAMI bilo je 39 (78%) odličnih, 7 (14%) dobrih, 3 (6%) solidna rezultata i 1 (2%) loš rezultat. Analiza podataka na temelju funkcionalnog evaluacijskog sustava po Karlstrom-Olerudu u ovom istraživanju pokazala je srednju vrijednost od 24,7 nakon šest mjeseci, što predstavlja oporavak. Funkcionalni oporavak 12 mjeseci nakon operacije pokazao je zadovoljavajući oporavak sa srednjom vrijednosti do 27,7, gde je srednja vrijednost zbira do 29,8 zabilježena na posljednjoj kontroli ukazivala na dobar funkcionalni status. Liječenje bolesnika s otvorenim i zatvorenim intraartikularnim prijelomima proksimalne tibije koristeći Ilizarov aparat rezultiralo je dobrim funkcionalnim ishodom koji je pozitivno utjecao na kvalitetu života naših bolesnika