Spatial patterns in different marker classes and in archaeological evidence for Combed Ware Culture in Finland.

<p>A: Division maximizing Y-STR haplotype differences, and frequencies of the main Y-haplogroups in Finland. B: Division maximizing the difference between Hunter-Gatherer (H-G: hgs U & V) and Farmer (F: hgs H, T, J & K) mtDNA haplogroups and their frequencies. C: The extent of Corded-Ware Culture (CWC; data from <a href="http://www.nba.fi" target="_blank">www.nba.fi</a>) in Finland, and the approximate location of the first political border between Sweden and Novgorod (AD 1323; hatched blue line).</p

Bayesian Skyline Plots for mtDNA haplogroups H and U in Finland, with European reference data from Fu et al. 2012.

<p>The hatched lines denote 95% confidence intervals. A: MtDNA haplogroups H (red) and U (blue) in Finland. B: Haplogroup H in Finland (red) and in Europe (grey). C: Haplogroup U in Finland (blue) and in Europe (grey).</p

Logistic regression estimates representing the difference in haplogroup frequencies between the SW & NE subpopulations.

<p>Above X-axis: SW dominance, below: NE dominance. The results are shown for division (cf. Fig 2) that maximized the difference. Error bars denote standard deviation, statistical significance is marked with stars. No statistically significant values were obtained in randomized, non-continuous divisions.</p

The strength of NE bias for the main haplogroups plotted against the difference of haplogroup ages in Near Eastern and European populations estimated in (Richards, et al. 2000).

<p>Haplogroups with older estimated ages in Europe than in Near East show stronger eastern bias in Finland, and vice versa.</p

Map of Northern Europe with Finland and the different subpopulations analyzed.

<p>Map of Northern Europe with Finland and the different subpopulations analyzed.</p