Long-range magnetic fields in the ground state of the Standard Model plasma

In thermal equilibrium the ground state of the plasma of Standard Model particles is determined by temperature and exactly conserved combinations of baryon and lepton numbers. We show that at non-zero values of the global charges a translation invariant and homogeneous state of the plasma becomes unstable and the system transits into a new state, containing a large-scale magnetic field. The origin of this effect is the parity-breaking character of weak interactions and chiral anomaly. This situation can occur in the early Universe and may play an important role in its subsequent evolution.Comment: 6 pages. Comments are welcom

Conjugates of a Photoactivated Rhodamine with Biopolymers for Cell Staining

Conjugates of the photoactivated rhodamine dyes with biopolymers (proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids) are important tools for microscopic investigation of biological tissue. In this study, a precursor of the photoactivated fluorescent dye (PFD) has been successfully used for staining of numerous mammalian cells lines and for conjugate formation with chitosan (“Chitosan-PFD”) and histone H1 (“Histone H1.3-PFD”). The intensive fluorescence has been observed after photoactivation of these conjugates inside cells (A431, HaCaT, HEK239, HBL-100, and MDCK). Developed procedures and obtained data are important for further application of novel precursors of fluorescent dyes (“caged” dyes) for microscopic probing of biological objects. Thus, the synthesized “Chitosan-PFD” and “Histone H1-PFD” have been successfully applied in this study for intracellular transport visualization by fluorescent microscopy

Localizing Gravity on a String-Like Defect in Six Dimensions

We present a metric solution in six dimensions where gravity is localized on a four-dimensional singular string-like defect. The corrections to four-dimensional gravity from the bulk continuum modes are suppressed by ${\cal O}(1/r^3)$. No tuning of the bulk cosmological constant to the brane tension is required in order to cancel the four-dimensional cosmological constant.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX ; v2: several equations corrected; v3: minor typos corrected, reference added, version to be published in Phys.Rev.Lett; v4: Eq.(16) modifie

Localizing gravity on a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole in seven dimensions

We present regular solutions for a brane world scenario in the form of a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole living in the three-dimensional spherical symmetric transverse space of a seven-dimensional spacetime. In contrast to the cases of a domain-wall in five dimensions and a string in six dimensions, there exist gravity-localizing solutions for both signs of the bulk cosmological constant. A detailed discussion of the parameter space that leads to localization of gravity is given. A point-like monopole limit is discussed.Comment: 29 pages, 17 figure

Non-equilibrium electroweak baryogenesis from preheating after inflation

We present a novel scenario for baryogenesis in a hybrid inflation model at the electroweak scale, in which the Standard Model Higgs field triggers the end of inflation. One of the conditions for successful baryogenesis, the departure from thermal equilibrium, is naturally achieved at the stage of preheating after inflation. The inflaton oscillations induce large occupation numbers for long-wavelength configurations of Higgs and gauge fields, which leads to a large rate of sphaleron transitions. We estimate this rate during the first stages of reheating and evaluate the amount of baryons produced due to a particular type of higher dimensional CP violating operator. The universe thermalizes through fermion interactions, at a temperature below critical, $T_{rh} < 100$ GeV, preventing the wash-out of the produced baryon asymmetry. Numerical simulations in (1+1) dimensions support our theoretical analysis.Comment: 11 pages, ReVTeX, 16 figures inserted with epsf. Small changes in the introduction and new reference

The unexpected resurgence of Weyl geometry in late 20-th century physics

Weyl's original scale geometry of 1918 ("purely infinitesimal geometry") was withdrawn by its author from physical theorizing in the early 1920s. It had a comeback in the last third of the 20th century in different contexts: scalar tensor theories of gravity, foundations of gravity, foundations of quantum mechanics, elementary particle physics, and cosmology. It seems that Weyl geometry continues to offer an open research potential for the foundations of physics even after the turn to the new millennium.Comment: Completely rewritten conference paper 'Beyond Einstein', Mainz Sep 2008. Preprint ELHC (Epistemology of the LHC) 2017-02, 92 pages, 1 figur