Management of the hip periprosthetic fractures

Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic ”Vitalie Bețișor”, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Nicolae Testemițanu”, Republic of Moldova, UMP “Grigore T. Popa”, Iași, Romania, Al VIII-lea Congres Naţional de Ortopedie și Traumatologie cu participare internaţională 12-14 octombrie 2016The purpose of the study: The analysis of the treatment methods in periprosthetic fractures after hip arthroplasty, with correlation between the experience of the authors and literature data. Methods: During the years 2010-2014 in our clinic were performed 67 revision surgical procedures of periprosthetic fractures after the hip replacements. Of these 25 were males and 42 were females; the mean cohort age was 64 year, ranging from 54 ap to 79 years. Elapsed time from the primary arthroplasty up to the revision of the periprosthetic fractures varied from 2 months up to the 13 years. Cases were staggered according to Vancouver classification. We have encountered fractures of type AG in 4 cases, type AL - 3 cases, type B1 – 12 cases, type B2 – 14 cases, type B3 – 7 cases, type C – 27 cases. Fractures of the type A have been treated with simple wire fixation (4 cases) tension band wiring (3 cases). Fractures of the type B1 were treated by the plate osteosynthesis; type B2 and B3 – by revision arthroplasty. In fractures type C we performed the osteosyntesis by the plates with angular stability in 15 cases or regular plates with association of the bone grafts in 12 cases. Results: In fractures of the type A we found one case of osteosyntesis instability, which was well tolerated by the patient. Fractures of the type B represent one of the biggest problems. Especially type B1 and B2, when was difficult to differentiate if the stem was stable or not. In 3 cases we did mistakes in appreciation of the type B1 and performed the osteosyntesis. In all these cases occured the instability of the stem, that led to the revision arthroplasty procedure. In cases of the fractures type C we met the problem of the associated osteoporosis. This led to technical difficulties in achieving stable osteosynthesis by regular plates. Conclusions: The results confirm that correct classification, compliance with treatment protocols of the hip periprosthetic fractures and strict differencition between different types of the fractures can lead to good functional result

Molecular Analysis of HLA Genes in Romanian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Hepatitis B, a persistent inflammatory liver condition, stands as a significant global health issue. In Romania, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection ranks among the highest in the European Union. The HLA genotype significantly impacts hepatitis B virus infection progression, indicating that certain HLA variants can affect the infection’s outcome. The primary goal of the present work is to identify HLA alleles and specific amino acid residues linked to hepatitis B within the Romanian population. The study enrolled 247 patients with chronic hepatitis B; HLA typing was performed using next-generation sequencing. This study’s main findings include the identification of certain HLA alleles, such as DQB1*06:03:01, DRB1*13:01:01, DQB1*06:02:01, DQA1*01:03:01, DRB5*01:01:01, and DRB1*15:01:01, which exhibit a significant protective effect against HBV. Additionally, the amino acid residue alanine at DQB1_38 is associated with a protective role, while valine presence may signal an increased risk of hepatitis B. The present findings are important in addressing the urgent need for improved methods of diagnosing and managing CHB, particularly when considering the disease’s presence in diverse population groups and geographical regions

Ingestion of Polyvinylchloride Powder Particles Induces Oxidative Stress and Hepatic Histopathological Changes in <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> (Nile Tilapia)—A Preliminary Study

Plastic debris is considered an emerging aquatic pollutant as an alarming number of reports are indicating the environmental contamination with such agents. Ichthyofauna has been subjected to increasing plastic pollution over the past years, which has led to detrimental effects in the food chain, and consequently to the general health of ecosystems. In this study, we exposed juvenile specimens of Oreochromis niloticus to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in powder form. Specimens and water parameters were closely monitored for 40 days before tissue samples were collected for histological and biochemical analysis. Structural hepatic alterations were observed in specimens from the exposed groups, such as intercellular corridors, dilation of sinusoidal capillaries, hyperchromatic nuclei, nuclear hypertrophy, and cytoplasm vacuolization. Low catalase activity was observed in the case of 1000 mg of PVC/kg feed group, as well as high levels of malondialdehyde compared to the control group, indicating oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidase activity was also significantly decreased in the 500 and 1000 mg/kg feed group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that a midterm exposure to PVC particles can significantly affect the activity of antioxidative enzymes in O. niloticus specimens and induce changes of hepatic tissue structure