Replication Data for "Partisan Poll Watchers and Electoral Manipulation"

How do parties protect themselves from electoral manipulation? To answer this question, we study the drivers of polling station party representatives' presence and their impact on electoral outcomes in an environment where electoral irregularities are common. Using election data from the Mexican Chamber of Deputies, we find a robust positive correlation between the presence of party representatives and that party's vote share. The evidence suggests that this correlation can be attributed to party representatives influencing the electoral results. We also formulate a game theoretic model of the levels of representation chosen by parties in a given precinct and structurally estimate its parameters. We find that parties send their representatives where they expect their opponents to send their own. The finding suggests representatives play a primarily protective role, even when they are often involved in irregularities themselves

Orientaciones pedagógicas para la implementación de la Cátedra de Paz

El presente documento tiene como objetivo propiciar un escenario pedagógico y político que movilice ciudadanías y problematice las causas, consecuencias y retos del conflicto armado en Colombia. Igualmente, analiza las posibilidades de gestionar los conflictos escolares desde la incorporación de la perspectiva restaurativa. En concreto, en la apuesta por hacer de las escuelas territorios de paz, proponemos abordar la Cátedra de Paz desde los siguientes aspectos: el cuidado de la vida y los territorios; el género y la diversidad en la construcción de paz; el papel de las comunidades en la dignificación de las víctimas; participación política y gobierno escolar de jóvenes, niños, niñas, adolescentes y familias; justicia restaurativa y pedagogías de la memoria, la verdad, la restauración y las garantías de no repetición

Critical success factors for high routine immunization performance: A case study of Senegal

Background: The essential components of a vaccine delivery system are well-documented, but robust evidence is lacking on how policies and implementation strategies are operationalized to drive catalytic improvements in coverage. To address this gap, we identified success factors that supported improvements in routine immunization coverage in Senegal, especially from 2000 to 2019. Methods: We identified Senegal as an exemplar in the delivery of childhood vaccines through analysis of DTP1 and DTP3 coverage data. Through interviews and focus group discussions at the national, regional, district, health facility, and community-level, we investigated factors that contributed to high and sustained vaccination coverage. We conducted a thematic analysis through application of implementation science frameworks to determine critical success factors. We triangulated these findings with quantitative analyses using publicly available data. Results: The following success factors emerged: 1) Strong political will and prioritization of resources for immunization programming supported urgent allocation of funding and supplies; 2) Collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Social Action and external partners fostered innovation, capacity building, and efficiency; 3) Improved surveillance, monitoring, and evaluation allowed for timely and evidence-based decision making; 4) Community ownership of vaccine service delivery supported tailored programming and response to local needs; and 5) Community health workers spearheaded vaccine promotion and demand generation for vaccines. Conclusion: The vaccination program in Senegal was supported by evidence-based decision making at the national-level, alignment of priorities between governmental entities and external partners, and strong community engagement initiatives that fostered local ownership of vaccine delivery and uptake. High routine immunization coverage was likely driven by prioritization of immunization programming, improved surveillance systems, a mature and reliable community health worker program, and tailored strategies for addressing geographical, social, and cultural barriers