2 research outputs found

    Caractérisation et propriétés biologiques de fragments dérivés du collagène V (implication d'un site de liaison à l'héparine dans l'angiogenèse)

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    Bien que faiblement représenté dans les tissus, le collagène V joue un rôle essentiel dans l élaboration des matrices extracellulaires et dans la morphogenèse des tissus conjonctifs. Des mutations sur ses gènes sont à l origine du syndrome d Ehlers-Danlos classique, et une dérégulation de l expression de ce collagène est observée dans certaines pathologies dont le cancer. Les mécanismes moléculaires conduisant aux défauts observés dans des situations pathologiques sont encore largement méconnus. Les collagènes sont des protéines modulaires pouvant exercer leur fonction par l intermédiaire de leurs domaines collagéniques et non-collagéniques. L objectif de mon projet de thèse a été de réaliser une caractérisation biochimique et fonctionnelle du collagène V par production recombinante de fragments dérivés de ce collagène et production d anticorps spécifiques. Deux fragments de la chaîne 1(V) ont été plus particulièrement ciblés. (1) Le domaine N-propeptidique, impliqué dans la régulation de la fibrillogénèse est partiellement clivé au cours de la maturation du collagène V. Ce clivage conduit à la libération du domaine TSPN dont la fonction dans les tissus n est pas connue. (2) Le fragment HepV, issu d un domaine collagénique, contient un site de liaison à l héparine et représente un site privilégié pour nouer des interactions avec les protéoglycannes à héparanes sulfates matriciels et cellulaires. Nos résultats montrent que ces fragments confèrent au collagène V des propriétés biologiques importantes, notamment dans le cancer du sein et dans la régulation de l'angiogenèse, processus pendant lesquels de nombreux fragments dérivés des collagènes sont libérés, par protéolyse, dans le micro-environnement cellulaireCollagen V plays a key role in extracellular matrix organisation and in connective tissue formation even though it is poorly expressed in tissues. Mutations in its genes are responsible for the classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and deregulation of its expression is observed in different diseases including cancer. The molecular mechanisms underlying the defects observed in pathological situations are poorly understood. Collagens are modular proteins composed of a succession of collagenous and non-collagenous domains, which are both involved in collagen functions. The aim of my PhD project was to perform a biochemical and functional characterization of different collagen V regions by generating recombinant fragments and specific antibodies. Two regions of the 1(V) chain have been selected for this study : (1) the N-propeptide domain, which has been involved in the regulation of fibril formation. The N-propeptide is partially cleaved during maturation releasing the TSPN domain which function is unknown. (2) The HepV fragment is located in the collagenous domain and encompasses a heparin binding site that can bind matrix and/or membranar heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Overall, our results show that these fragments are responsible for important biological functions, notably in breast cancer and in the regulation of angiogenesis, events during which intense matrix remodelling occursLYON1-BU.Sciences (692662101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Enzymatic cleavage specificity of the proα1(V) chain processing analysed by site-directed mutagenesis

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    The proteolytic processing of procollagen V is complex and depends on the activity of several enzymes among which the BMP-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-1)/tolloid metalloproteinase and the furin-like proprotein convertases. Few of these processing interactions could have been predicted by analysing the presence of conserved consensus sequences in the proα1(V) chain. In the present study we opted for a cell approach that allows a straightforward identification of processing interactions. A construct encompassing the complete N-terminal end of the proα1(V) chain, referred to as Nα1, was recombinantly expressed to be used for enzymatic assays and for antibody production. Structural analysis showed that Nα1 is a monomer composed of a compact globule and an extended tail, which correspond respectively to the non-collagenous Nα1 subdomains, TSPN-1 (thrombospondin-1 N-terminal domain-like) and the variable region. Nα1 was efficiently cleaved by BMP-1 indicating that the triple helix is not required for enzyme activity. By mutating residues flanking the cleavage site, we showed that the aspartate residue at position P2′ is essential for BMP-1 activity. BMP-1 activity at the C-terminal end of the procollagen V was assessed by generating a furin double mutant (R1584A/R1585A). We showed that, in absence of furin activity, BMP-1 is capable of processing the C-propeptide even though less efficiently than furin. Altogether, our results provide new relevant information on this complex and poorly understood mechanism of enzymatic processing in procollagen V function
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