Molecular Characterization of the Tumor Suppressor Candidate 5 Gene: Regulation by PPARγ and Identification of TUSC5 Coding Variants in Lean and Obese Humans

Tumor suppressor candidate 5 (TUSC5) is a gene expressed abundantly in white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and peripheral afferent neurons. Strong adipocyte expression and increased expression following peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggested a role for Tusc5 in fat cell proliferation and/or metabolism. However, the regulation of Tusc5 in WAT and its potential association with obesity phenotypes remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the TUSC5 gene is a bona fide PPARγ target and evaluated whether its WAT expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TUSC5 coding region are associated with human obesity. Induction of Tusc5 mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by troglitazone and GW1929 followed a dose-response consistent with these agents' binding affinities for PPARγ. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments confirmed that PPARγ protein binds a ∼ −1.1 kb promotor sequence of murine TUSC5 transiently during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, concurrent with histone H3 acetylation. No change in Tusc5 mRNA or protein levels was evident in type 2 diabetic patients treated with pioglitazone. Tusc5 expression was not induced appreciably in liver preparations overexpressing PPARs, suggesting that tissue-specific factors regulate PPARγ responsiveness of the TUSC5 gene. Finally, we observed no differences in Tusc5 WAT expression or prevalence of coding region SNPs in lean versus obese human subjects. These studies firmly establish the murine TUSC5 gene locus as a PPARγ target, but the significance of Tusc5 in obesity phenotypes or in the pharmacologic actions of PPARγ agonists in humans remains equivocal

Caracterisation et regulation par les glucocorticoiedes des recepteurs antehypophysaires du corticotropin-releasing factor chez le rat et chez l'homme

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

ROLE DES HORMONES THYROIDIENNES DANS LA REGULATION DE L'AXE CORTICOTROPE CHEZ LE RAT AU COURS DU DEVELOPPEMENT (DOCTORAT (COMMUNICATION INTERCELLULAIRE EN ENDOCRINOLOGIE))

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Surgical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Older Adults

International audienceObjectivesTo compare the feasibility, safety, and outcome of parathyroidectomy in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in individuals aged 75 and older with that of those younger than 50. DesignRetrospective chart review. SettingDepartment of Endocrine Surgery, Hospital Paul Desbief (Marseille, France). ParticipantsIndividuals who underwent surgery from June 2005 to February 2013 (N=526) had a clinical examination and laboratory and imaging assessments to diagnose PHPT. MeasurementsThe clinical and biochemical characteristics and surgery outcomes of individuals younger than 50 (n=80) were compared with the characteristics and outcomes of those aged 75 and older (n=89). ResultsMost of the participants did not have any specific signs of PHPT, and the diagnosis of PHPT was established in some participants during routine clinical and laboratory examination. Nephrolithiasis and osteitis fibrosa cystica were observed only in the younger group. Urinary calcium decreased with age. Nine participants aged 75 and older did not undergo surgery (four declined, five had medical contraindications). Conventional surgery through transverse cervicotomy was used in the majority of participants. Cure rate was excellent (158/160), with few and reversible minor complications. The coexistence of thyroid lesions was significantly higher in the older (47.5%) than in the younger group (32.3%). Nodules and multinodular goiters were removed in the majority of participants during the parathyroidectomy procedure. ConclusionWith the exception of a few cases with severe associated comorbidities, parathyroidectomy is safe and curative and should be considered as first-line choice for older adult with PHPT

Metabolic Control in Older Dependent People: Need for Improvement?

International audienceno abstrac

Métabolisme des glucocorticoïdes du tissu adipeux dans l'obésité et le syndrome métabolique (études chez le rat et l'homme)

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Secretion of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and vasopressin (AVP) into the hypophysial portal blood of conscious, unrestrained rams

International audienc

Long Term High-Fat Diet-Induced Modification of Vascular Wall and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Oxidative Stress: Consequences for Endothelium-Independent Vascular Function in Rats

International audienc