Expression of ZIKV receptors in human brain and placental tissue.

<p>NA = data not available.</p

Alignment of first 130 nucleotides of 3’UTR of ZIKV, illustrating Musashi binding element (MBE) location and associated mutations over time and geographic spread.

<p>Sequences shown are the only ones that are unique for country and/or sequence; duplicates of the same country were discarded. Alignment was performed using the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program for unix-like operating systems. Visualization was performed using Geneious. There is presence of stem-loop I (SL I) and stem-loop II (SL II) on those sequences, with SL II being partially shown. There is also presence of MBE on SL II, with two SNPs on African sequences, which could potentially change the RNA structure and availability of the element. SL I and SL II were annotated from Zhu Z. et al. MBE was annotated using the UTRscan tool of UTRSite (<a href="http://utrsite.ba.itb.cnr.it/" target="_blank">http://utrsite.ba.itb.cnr.it/</a>).</p

States in Brazil investigating microcephaly cases for association with Zika virus infection (above), and with confirmed circulation of Zika virus (below).

<p>After [<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004530#pntd.0004530.ref099" target="_blank">99</a>]. Information sources include Brazilian Health Ministry (Ministério da Saúde);WHO (World Health Organization); PAHO (Pan American Health Organization).</p

Summary of Brazilian States (Federated units), current Zika circulation patterns, and increased incidence of primary microcephaly.

<p>Summary of Brazilian States (Federated units), current Zika circulation patterns, and increased incidence of primary microcephaly.</p

Zika virus, past and current distribution.

<p>Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004530#pntd.0004530.ref083" target="_blank">83</a>].</p

Phylogeographic analyses illustrating the lineage of the Zika virus currently circulating in Brazil.

<p>Phylogeographic analysis based on the envelope gene of Zika virus. This analysis illustrates the path of travel of Zika virus from Africa, Asia, and across the Pacific to South America. This analysis was created with Supramap [<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004530#pntd.0004530.ref068" target="_blank">68</a>]. Yellow circles and branches are associated with common ancestors. Red pins and black lines are associated with observed viral isolates. The root of the tree is indicated with a green circle. Data analyzed included all envelope variants of Zika virus available in the public domain as of January 18, 2016. Nucleotide sequence data were aligned using MAFFT v7.215 under default settings. A dataset for the envelope gene was created resulting in a matrix of 56 taxa and 753 aligned positions. A phylogenetic tree search was conducted for each dataset using RAxML v8.1.16 for 100 replicates under the GTRCAT model of nucleotide substitution. The outgroup was set to HQ234498. Supramap to project the phylogenetic tree into the earth [<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004530#pntd.0004530.ref068" target="_blank">68</a>].</p

Countries and territories with active Zika virus transmission.

<p>Countries and territories with active Zika virus transmission.</p

Projection of Zika virus infections in states with laboratory confirmation of Zika virus circulation during 2015 (18 of 27 Brazilian states or federated units).

<p>Projection of Zika virus infections in states with laboratory confirmation of Zika virus circulation during 2015 (18 of 27 Brazilian states or federated units).</p