Sex-specific per session capture probability estimates for grizzly and black bears at hair traps and bear rubs in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

<p>Capture probabilities from (A) grizzly bears at hair traps, (B) black bears at hair traps, and (C) grizzly bears at bear rubs. We derived model-averaged estimates from closed population models for grizzly bears (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s003" target="_blank">Table S2</a>) and black bears (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s004" target="_blank">Table S3</a>). Error bars represent model averaged estimates of standard error.</p

Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of black bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.

*<p>13 black bear samples from 6 hair traps were not analyzed in 2006.</p

Noninvasive genetic sampling locations for grizzly and black bears in the Bow Valley Study Area of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

<p>Locations of 420 hair traps, 321 bear rubs and 20 wildlife crossing structures, monitored between 21 April and 31 October of 2006–2008.</p

Estimates of abundance derived from Pradel robust design open population models for grizzly bears in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

<p>Estimates were obtained using three years of bear rub data collected between 2006 and 2008. We derived model averaged estimates from most supported models (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s005" target="_blank">Table S4</a>). Error bars represent model averaged estimates of standard error.</p

Estimates of realized population growth rate () and apparent survival () from Pradel open population models for grizzly bears in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, between 2006 and 2008, sampled using bear rub surveys.

*<p>Our models did not vary with time; therefore they produced identical estimates for 2006–2007 and 2007–2008.</p

Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of grizzly bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.

<p>Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of grizzly bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.</p

Bear hair trap results from the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada; we conducted hair trapping 25 May – 16 August 2006 and 28 May – 18 August 2008 for five 14-day sessions per year.

a<p>Hair traps were checked and moved every 13–15 days;  = 13.8 days, SD = 1.0 in 2006 and  = 14.0 days, SD = 0.7 in 2007.</p>b<p>Of those hair traps that had ≥1 bear hair sample.</p