Correlation of antibody titers between the four <i>Ov</i> antigens with the 38 <i>Ov</i>-infected sera.

*<p><i>P</i><0.05 (significant).</p

Patient population for serologic studies.

*<p>Negative for daytime microfilariae of <i>Loa loa</i> and negative for <i>W. bancrofti</i> circulating filarial antigen.</p

Antibody titer characteristics for the <i>Ov</i> antigens.

<p><i>P</i>^a –For the comparisons between the antibody titers in the <i>Ov</i>-infected sera with each of the other sera groups by Mann Whitney U test.</p>*<p>AUC-area under the receiver operator curve was used as a global index of diagnostic accuracy <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000438#pntd.0000438-Mumford1" target="_blank">[29]</a>,<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000438#pntd.0000438-Zhou1" target="_blank">[30]</a>.</p

Heat map representation of patient antibody profiles to the 4 <i>Ov</i> antigens.

<p>The antibody levels for each serum were log₁₀ transformed and then the levels were color-coded as indicated by the log₁₀ scale on the left, in which signal intensities range from red to green indicating high (red) and low (green) titers. The samples were rank ordered from highest to lowest based on the sum of the antibody titers to the 4 antigen panel. The samples on the left are from uninfected, while the samples on the right are <i>Ov</i>-infected sera.</p

LIPS detection of antibodies to 4 different <i>Ov</i> antigens.

<p>Each symbol represents individual samples from the 38 <i>Ov</i>-infected, 90 <i>Wb</i>, 90 <i>Ll</i>, 27 <i>Ss</i>, 72 control uninfected samples and 12 other control patients. Antibody levels in LU are plotted on the Y-axis using a log₁₀ scale and short solid horizontal lines indicate the geometric mean titer (GMT) for each antibody per group. The diagnostic performance related to cross-reactivity with other filarial infections was also evaluated. As described in the text, the long solid line represents the cut-off level corresponding to 100% sensitivity, while the long stippled line corresponds to the cut-off for 100% specificity with sera from the <i>Wb</i> cohort.</p

Sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio for the four-antigen mixture determined by LIPS and QLIPS.

<p>Sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio for the four-antigen mixture determined by LIPS and QLIPS.</p

A four <i>Ov</i> antigen panel used in the standard 2 hour or QLIPS format shows 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

<p>Each symbol represents individual samples from the 38 <i>Ov</i>-infected, 90 <i>Wb</i>, 90 <i>Ll</i>, 27 <i>Ss</i>, 72 control uninfected samples and 12 other control patients. These LIPS tests were either evaluated as a mixture in the standard format (A) or with QLIPS (B). As shown, both tests showed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in distinguishing the uninfected from the <i>Ov</i>-infected sera. The diagnostic performance related to cross-reactivity with other filarial infections was also evaluated. As described in the text, the long solid line represents the cut-off level corresponding to 100% sensitivity, while the long stippled line corresponds to the cut-off for 100% specificity with sera from the <i>Wb</i> cohort.</p

Percentage of patients in each cluster with specific clinical manifestations and autoantibodies.

<p>Percentage of patients in each cluster with specific clinical manifestations and autoantibodies.</p

SLE autoantibody clusters in the pilot cohort.

<p>A colored heat map was used to visualize the autoantibody titers in the SLE patients. Autoantibody titers were transformed to <i>Z</i> scores as described in the <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0032001#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a> and color coded as indicated by the scale at right, in which signal intensities from green to black indicate high and low titers, respectively. To segregate the SLE patients into clusters, the relative ratio (RR) of the sum titer of Sm-D3, RNP-A and RNP-70k divided by the sum titer of Ro52, Ro60 and La autoantibodies was calculated for each patient. Patients with a RR≥1 were assigned to the Sm/RNP cluster (top panel) while patients with a RR<1 were assigned to the Ro/La cluster (bottom panel). Patients with a pure Sm/RNP or pure Ro/La phenotype are indicated.</p

LIPS diagnostic autoantibody characteristics in SLE.

<p>*Excluding Histone 2B.</p>†<p>Statistically significant, <i>P</i><0.05.</p