A simple model of mergers and innovation

We analyze the impact of a merger on firms’ incentives to innovate. We show that the merging parties always decrease their innovation efforts post-merger while the outsiders to the merger respond by increasing their effort. A merger tends to reduce overall innovation. Consumers are always worse off after a merger. Our model calls into question the applicability of the “inverted-U” relationship between innovation and competition to a merger setting

Additional file 4: of In silico identification of essential proteins in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis based on protein-protein interaction networks

List of 181 essential proteins. The amino acid sequence of hubs proteins was compared against bacterial proteins sequence from Database of Essential Genes (DEG). (TXT 62 kb

Additional file 5: Figure S2. of In silico identification of essential proteins in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis based on protein-protein interaction networks

Homology distribution of Cp essential proteins aligned against hosts. Dark green: proteins homologous to host; Yellow: Proteins with low identity against hosts (identity < 30 %). Dark red: non-host homologous proteins, proteins with low identity and low coverage alignment against hosts (identity x coverage < = 10 %). Dark blue: non-host homologous proteins, proteins with no alignment hits against O. aires and C. hircus. Light blue: non-host homologous proteins, proteins with no alignment hits against the five hosts. The alignment summary is depicted in Additional file 6. (JPG 318 kb