What the Oblique Parameters S, T, and U and Their Extensions Reveal About the 2HDM: A Numerical Analysis

The oblique parameters S, T, and U and their higher-order extensions (V, W, and X) are observables that combine electroweak precision data to quantify deviation from the Standard Model. These parameters were calculated at one loop in the basis-independent CP-violating Two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM). The scalar parameter space of the 2HDM was randomly sampled within limits imposed by unitarity and found to produce values of the oblique parameters within experimental bounds, with the exception of T. The experimental limits on T were used to predict information about the mass of the charged Higgs boson and the difference in mass between the charged Higgs boson and the heaviest neutral Higgs boson (m_ch - m_3). In particular, it was found that the 2HDM predicts -600 GeV 250 GeV being preferred. The mass scale of the new physics produced by random sampling was consistently fairly high, with the average of the scalar masses falling between 400 and 800 GeV for Y_2 = m_W^2, although the model can be tuned to produce a light neutral Higgs mass (eg, 120 GeV). Hence, the values produced for V, W, and X fell well within .01 of zero, confirming the robustness of the linear expansion approximation. Taking the CP-conserving limit of the model was found to not significantly affect the values generated for the oblique parameters.Comment: 17 pages, 31 figure

The Rhetoric of Judicial Critique: From Judicial Restraint to the Virtual Bill of Rights

Professor Michael Gerhardt traces the rhetoric employed by national leaders and commentators over the past century to describe popular conceptions of the judicial function. In particular, Professor Gerhardt examines the evolution of the terminology used in popular and political rhetoric, revealing their inconsistent application to political ideologies through time. Professor Gerhardt argues that such shifts in usage correspond with transfers of power between the political authorities controlling the central interests at stake in constitutional adjudication. Professor Gerhardt applies the shortcomings of traditional political rhetoric to the issues surrounding technological advancements, concluding that the proper treatment of technology by the Supreme Court in the twenty-first century will require recognition of the complex consequences posed by these advances

Hartz IV: Nur mit ökonomischer Rationalität zum Erfolg

Ab dem nächsten Jahr können die Kommunen – zumeist zusammen mit den örtlichen Agenturen für Arbeit – arbeitsmarktpolitische Maßnahmen dezentral ausgestalten. Werden die Arbeitslosen in Zukunft im Fokus einer neuen innovativen Arbeitsmarktpolitik stehen? Können mit Hartz IV der Lobbyismus der kommunalen Beschäftigungsträger und die starren, bürokratischen Vorgaben durch die Bundesregierung bzw. Bundesagentur für Arbeit überwunden werden? --

Microstructure and mechanical properties of bamboo in compression

Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (p. 34).Bamboo has received much interest recently as a construction material due to its strength, rapid growth, and abundance in developing nations such as China, India, and Brazil. The main obstacle to the widespread use of bamboo as a structural material is the lack of adequate information on the mechanical properties of bamboo. In this work, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Phyllostachis dulcis bamboo are studied to help produce a model for the mechanical properties of bamboo. Specifically, a linear relationship is established between the density of bamboo samples, which is known to vary radially, and their strength in compression. Nanoindentation of vascular bundles in various positions in bamboo samples revealed that the Young's modulus and hardness of the bundles vary in the radial direction but not around the circumference. The compressive strength of bamboo samples was found to vary from 40 to 95 MPa, while nanoindentation results show the Young's modulus of vascular bundles ranges from 15 to 18 GPa and the hardness ranges from 380 to 530 MPa.by Michael R. Gerhardt.S.B

Liberal Visions of the Freedom of the Press

Liberals have long regarded the First Amendment\u27s freedom of the press guarantee as their special plaything.\u27 For most of this century, liberals have dominated the scholarship and the doctrinal debate on the freedom of the press. They have often urged the federal courts to establish the press as a fourth institution outside the Government as an additional check on the three official branches. Liberal judges have ensured virtual autonomy for the print media through the cumulative effect of their rulings to immunize the press from damages for the publication of falsehoods about public figures unless the publication was done knowingly, recklessly, or with actual malice; to bar public access to newspapers; and to treat prior restraints of publications as presumptively unconstitutional. At the same time, the courts have not barred liberal lawmakers from regulating broadcasters to promote fairness and to prevent chaos in public debate on the airwaves. The liberal approach to the freedom of the press, however, seemingly stands on the brink of dismantlement. The present Supreme Court has an activist outlook of\u27the most virulent and blinding sort under which the dominating conservative Justices selective[ly] enforce[] .. .rights generally supporting state power and eroding libertarian values. \u27 Indeed, no one currently on the Court is a staunch defender of an autonomous press, and the Court has already made some minor changes to, or at least refused to extend, the freedom of the press doctrine. Meanwhile, polls indicate that the popularity of the press is plummeting, and liberals have taken a beating from the left and the right\u27 that has cost them considerable political and judicial power. Sensing that, for the time being, liberals may still dominate the playing field of the First Amendment, three liberal law professors- Dean Lee Bollinger of the University of Michigan Law School, Professor Lucas Powe of the University of Texas Law School, and Professor Rodney Smolla of the Marshall-Wythe School of Law at the College of William and Mary-have stepped into the breach to offer solutions to the dilemma of defending the freedom of the press in an age in which neither liberals nor the press is popular and in which the courts are overwhelmingly unreceptive to liberal values. In Images of a Free Press Bollinger suggests that this dilemma is illusory, while Powe in The Fourth Estate and the Constitution argues for the elimination of almost any governmental regulation of the print media. Smolla in Free Speech in an Open Society ° contends that, properly understood, the First Amendment guarantees virtually absolute freedom of speech and of the press and should serve as a model for the rest of the world to follow