Взаимосвязь мануальной асимметрии и качества выполнения композиций с мячом у юных гимнасток

Aim. The article deals with establishing the correlation between lateral manual preference, manual technical asymmetry and the results of ball routine in young gymnasts. Materials and methods. Twenty gymnasts aged 7-8 years underwent tests to establish asymmetry through determining lateral manual preferences and assessing a ball routine performance. Non-parametric criteria and correlation analysis were used for data processing. Results. At the preparatory stage and at the stage of technique enhancement, the average level of the apparatus possession in the subgroups of gymnasts with different lateral manual preferences has statistically significant differences when performing technical elements with dominant and non-dominant hand (p ≤ 0.05). The correlation between lateral manual preferences and a ball routine performance in gymnasts was not revealed at the preparatory stage (ρ = -0.03) and was not significant at the stage of technique enhancement (ρ = 0.30). The coefficient of manual technical asymmetry has a significant correlation with the total amount of penalties for a ball routine technique at the preparatory stage (p < 0.05) and a highly significant correlation at the stage of technique enhancement (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Intergroup and individual differences in terms of symmetry/asymmetry should be taken into account for learning technical elements with the apparatus in young gymnasts. © 20202 South Ural State University - Institute of Sport, Tourism and Service. All rights reserved

Analysis of Students’ Ideas about the Mechanisms of Influence of Sports on the Achievement of Life Success

В статье рассматривается проблема влияния занятий спортом на становление личности человека. Цель исследования — выявить основные механизмы влияния спорта на достижение жизненного успеха в представлении студентов, а также определить ключевые личностные качества, необходимые для его достижения. Было проведено социологическое исследование, участниками которого являлись студенты Уральского федерального университета. Исследование осуществлялось с использованием количественной стратегии. В результате исследования выявлено, что большинство ответивших спортсменов (78,9 %) и неспортсменов (61,9 %) уверены в том, что спорт способствует достижению жизненного успеха. Четверть студентов, не занимающихся спортом, указали на то, что спорт не оказывает никакого влияния на достижение человеком жизненного успеха. На основе анализа данных, полученных в ходе исследования, установлено, что студенты видят значимую роль спорта в формировании личностных качеств и характера, благодаря которым возможно достижение жизненного успеха.The article deals with the problem of the influence of sports on the formation of a person’s personality. The purpose of the study is to identify the main mechanisms of the influence of sports on the achievement of life success in the representation of students, as well as to identify the key personal qualities necessary to achieve it. A sociological study was conducted, the participants of which were students of the Ural federal university. The study was carried out using a quantitative strategy. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the majority of athletes (78,9 %) and non-athletes (61,9 %) are confident that sport contributes to achieving success in life. A fourth of the students who do not engage in sports indicated that sports have no effect on a person’s achievement of success in life. Based on the analysis of the data obtained during the study, it was found that students see a significant role of sports in the formation of personal qualities and character, thanks to which it is possible to achieve success in life

Assessment of Readiness for Sports Activities in Cheer Sports of Student Athletes with Experience in Various Sports

Рукопись поступила в редакцию: 25.05.2023. Принята к публикации: 28.06.2023.Received: 25.05.2023. Accepted: 28.06.2023.Чир спорт стремительно набирает популярность, в том числе в студенческом спорте, что обусловливает актуальность исследования, посвященного проблемам его развития в студенческом спорте. Статья посвящена исследованию готовности студентов-спортсменов, занимавшихся разными сложно-координационными видами спорта к продолжению спортивной карьеры в чир спорте. Цель исследования заключалась в выявлении исходного уровня развития ведущих физических качеств и специальных технических навыков для чирлидеров у спортсменов разных специализаций для определения готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в студенческой команде вуза по чир спорту. Исследование проводилось с помощью метода контрольных испытаний с использованием тестов для оценки ведущих физических качеств и специальных технических навыков чирлидеров. Результаты исследования показали, что уровень готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в студенческих командах по чирлидингу спортсменов, имевших спортивный опыт в разных видах спорта, обусловлен спецификой их предыдущей спортивной деятельности. При этом спортсмены, ранее занимавшиеся видами спорта с акробатической направленностью, имеют навыки выполнения акробатических дорожек, требующихся в соревновательной деятельности в чирлидинге. Хороший уровень развития гибкости у девушек способствует выполнению сложных статических элементов соревновательной деятельности в чирлидинге. Хороший уровень развития силовых способностей, которым обладают юноши, ранее занимавшиеся силовыми видами спорта, может послужить основой для успешного выполнения ими таких элементов чирлидинга, как поддержки и выбросы. Значимость проведенного исследования заключается в установлении необходимости оценки исходного уровня готовности к спортивному совершенствованию в чир спорте спортсменов, ранее занимавшихся разными видами спорта. Полученная информация позволит тренеру индивидуализировать тренировочный процесс, делая акцент на развитие недостающих или слаборазвитых качеств и навыков каждого атлета, что позволит ему определить оптимальную соревновательную программу команды для успешной подготовки команды к соревнованиям.Cheer sport is rapidly gaining popularity including in student sports which determines the relevance of research on the problems of its development in student sports. The article is devoted to the study of the readiness of student-athletes engaged in various difficult-coordination sports to continue a sports career in cheer sports. The purpose of the study was to identify the initial level of development of leading physical qualities and special technical skills for cheerleaders in athletes of different specializations to determine readiness for sports improvement in the university student cheer sports team. The study was conducted using the method of control tests using tests to assess the leading physical qualities and special technical skills of cheerleaders. The results of the study showed that the level of readiness for sports improvement in student cheerleading teams of athletes who had sports experience in various sports is due to the specifics of their previous sports activities. At the same time, athletes who have previously engaged in sports with an acrobatic orientation have the skills to perform acrobatic tracks required in competitive activities in cheerleading. A good level of flexibility development in girls contributes to the implementation of complex static elements of competitive activity in cheerleading. A good level of development of strength abilities possessed by young men who have previously engaged in strength sports can serve as the basis for their successful performance of such elements of cheerleading as support and emissions. The significance of the conducted research lies in the establishment of the need to assess the initial level of readiness for sports improvement in the cheer sport of athletes who previously engaged in various sports. The information obtained will allow the coach to individualize the training process, focusing on the development of missing or underdeveloped qualities and skills of each athlete, which will allow him to determine the optimal competitive program of the team for the successful preparation of the team for the competition

Trends in admission rates to the magistracy in physical education

Changes in the normative documents regulating higher education are undoubtedly reflected in the processes of its implementation, including the initial stage — the admission campaign. The aim of the study is to analyze the trends in the development of the institute of master’s degree according to the quantitative indicators of admission campaigns to master’s degree program. The study conducted a quantitative analysis of admission rates to the graduate school in the direction Physical Education in the period from 2019 to 2021. In the course of the study the tendencies of decrease in the demand of applicants for higher education of the level of master’s degree were revealed, it was especially clearly manifested in the indicators of admission for full-time study.Изменения в нормативных документах, регламентирующих высшее образование, несомненно, отражаются на процессах его реализации, в том числе на начальном этапе — приемной кампании. Цель исследования — проанализировать тенденции развития магистратуры в Институте физической культуры, спорта и молодежной политики Уральского федерального университета по количественным показателям приемных кампаний. В исследовании проведен количественный анализ показателей приема в магистратуру на направление 49.04.01 — Физическая культура в период с 2019 по 2021 годы. В процессе исследования выявлены тенденции снижения востребованности у абитуриентов получения высшего образования уровня магистратуры

Endothelin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor and systolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with Chuvash polycythemia

Background and Objectives. Endothelin-1 has been associated with development of hypoxia-related pulmonary hypertension and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with protection from this complication. In Chuvash polycythemia, homozygous germline von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) 598C→T leads to up-regulation during normoxia of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and several hypoxia-controlled genes including erythropoietin and VEGF. We postulated that endothelin-1 and pulmonary artery pressure may be elevated in Chuvash polycythemia. Design and Methods. Systolic pulmonary artery blood pressure was estimated by Doppler echocardiography and plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, VEGF and erythropoietin were determined in 14 patients with Chuvash polycythemia and 14 controls. Results. Plasma endothelin-1 (p=0.010), VEGF (p=0.022) and erythropoietin (p\u3c0.0005) concentrations and Doppler-estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressures (p\u3c0.0005) were higher in the patients while systolic systemic blood pressures were lower (P=0.001). Five (36%) patients and no controls had mild pulmonary hypertension defined as systolic pulmonary artery pressure ≥35 mmHg. Among the patients with Chuvash polycythemia, the trends of association of estimated pulmonary artery pressure with plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 (R = +0.236), VEGF (R = -0.389) and erythropoietin (R = +0.220) were not statistically significant. Interpretations and Conclusions. Estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure and plasma concentrations of endothelin-1 and VEGF are increased in patients with Chuvash polycythemia patients. The lack of significant associations of estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure with plasma endothelin-1 and VEGF levels could conceivably be due to the small sample size. Further studies are indicated, especially in view of the reported efficacy of endothelin-1 receptor blockers in treating hypoxia-associated pulmonary hypertension. ©2006 Ferrata Storti Foundation

Endemic polycythemia in Russia: Mutation in the VHL gene

Chuvash polycythemia (CP) is an autosomal recessive condition that is endemic in the Russian mid-Volga River region of Chuvashia. We previously found that CP patients may have increased serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels, ruled out linkage to both the EPO and EPO receptor (EPOR) gene loci, and hypothesized that the defect may lie in the oxygen homeostasis pathway. We now report a study of five multiplex Chuvash families which confirms that CP is associated with significant elevations of serum EPO levels and rules out a location for the CP gene on chromosome 11 as had been reported by other investigators or a mutation of the HIF-1α gene. Using a genome-wide screen, we localized a region on chromosome 3 with a LOD score \u3e2. After sequencing three candidate genes, we identified a C to T transition at nucleotide 598 (an R200W mutation) in the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. The VHL protein (pVHL) downregulates the alpha subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α), the main regulator of hypoxia adaptation, by targeting the protein for degradation. In the simplest scenario, disruption of pVHL function causes a failure to degrade HIF-1α resulting in accumulation of HIF-1α, upregulation of downstream target genes such as EPO, and the clinical manifestation of polycythemia. These findings strongly suggest that CP is a congenital disorder of oxygen homeostasis. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA)

The heterozygote advantage of the chuvash polycythemia VHL \u3csup\u3eR200W\u3c/sup\u3e mutation may be protection against anemia

The germ-line loss-of-function VHLR200W mutation is common in Chuvashia, Russia and occurs in other parts of the world. VHLR200W homozygotes have elevated hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 and HIF-2 levels, increased hemoglobin concentration, propensity to thrombosis and early mortality. Because the mutation persists from an ancient origin, we hypothesized that there is a heterozygote advantage. Thirty-four VHLR200W heterozygotes and 44 controls over 35 years of age from Chuvashia, Russia were studied. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin less than 130 g/L in men and less than 120 g/L in women. Mild anemia was present in 15% of VHLR200W heterozygotes and 34% of controls without a mutated VHL allele. By multivariate logistic regression, the odds of anemia were reduced an estimated 5.6-fold in the VHLR200W heterozygotes compared to controls (95% confidence interval 1.4-22.7; P=0.017). In conclusion, heterozygosity for VHLR200W may provide protection from anemia; such protection could explain the persistence of this mutation. © 2011 Ferrata Storti Foundation