HPV genotype distribution of outpatients and cervical cancer sufferers.

<p>HPV genotyping was performed using a nested PCR assay. The distribution of HPV genotype among HPV-positive outpatients and cervical cancer sufferers were shown.</p

Genetic variability and functional implication of the long control region in HPV-16 variants in Southwest China

<div><p>HPV-16 long control region (LCR) has been shown to be the most variable region of the HPV-16 genome and may play important roles in viral persistence and the development of cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the risk of HPV-16 LCR variants for cervical cancer in women of Southwest China. 2146 cervical scrapings of volunteer outpatients and 74 cervical cancer tissues were screened.14 entire HPV-16 LCRs from asymptomatic carriers and 34 entire HPV-16 LCRs from cervical cancer patients were successfully amplified and sequenced to align to others described. 58 different point mutations were detected in 54 nucleotide sites of HPV-16 LCR. G7193T and G7521A variants, accounting for 100% of the infections, were predicted to locate at the binding site for FOXA1 and SOX9, respectively. A7730C variant which showed a high mutation frequency in cervical cancer was predicted to be a binding site for the cellular transcription factor PHOX2A. In addition, phylogenetic analysis displayed a high prevalence of A lineage in HPV-16 LCR in this Southwest China population. This study may help understanding of the intrinsic geographical relatedness and the correlations between LCR mutations and the development of carcinogenic lesions in Southwest China population. And it provides useful data for the further study of the biological function of HPV-16 LCR variants.</p></div

The potential binding sites of cellular transcription factors within HPV-16 LCR.

<p>The JASPAR database was used to investigate the potential binding sites within HPV-16 LCR. The proposed binding sites for transcription factors were separately marked on the bold nucleotide mutation sites.</p

Phylogenetic tree of the HPV-16 variants based on LCR sequences.

<p>The Neighbor-Joining method and the Kimura 2-Parameter model were used to construct the phylogenetic tree by MEGA package 7.0. The standard sequences included NC_001526.3, K02718 (A1), AF536179 (A2), HQ644236 (A3), AF534061 (A4), AF536180 (B1), HQ644298 (B2), AF472509 (C), HQ644257 (D1), HQ644270 (D2) and AF402678 (D3). The lineage to which each accession number belongs was shown in a parenthesis. Numbers closest to the branch points are bootstrap values (1,000 replicates). Values lower than 50% are not shown.</p

Nucleotide variations of HPV-16 LCR and the proposed binding sites for transcription factors.

<p>Nucleotide variations of HPV-16 LCR and the proposed binding sites for transcription factors.</p

Primer pairs designed for complete LCR amplification of HPV-16.

<p>Primer pairs designed for complete LCR amplification of HPV-16.</p