12,597 research outputs found
The Graviton Propagator in de Donder Gauge on de Sitter Background
We construct the graviton propagator on de Sitter background in exact de
Donder gauge. We prove that it must break de Sitter invariance, just like the
propagator of the massless, minimally coupled scalar. Our explicit solutions
for its two scalar structure functions preserve spatial homogeneity and
isotropy so that the propagator can be used within the larger context of
inflationary cosmology, however, it is simple to alter the residual symmetry.
Because our gauge condition is de Sitter invariant (although no solution for
the propagator can be) renormalization should be simpler using this propagator
than one based on a noncovariant gauge. It remains to be seen how other
computational steps compare.Comment: 39 pages, no figures, uses LaTeX2
Magnetic expansion of Nekrasov theory: the SU(2) pure gauge theory
It is recently claimed by Nekrasov and Shatashvili that the
gauge theories in the background with
are related to the quantization of certain algebraic integrable systems. We
study the special case of SU(2) pure gauge theory, the corresponding integrable
model is the A Toda model, which reduces to the sine-Gordon quantum
mechanics problem. The quantum effects can be expressed as the WKB series
written analytically in terms of hypergeometric functions. We obtain the
magnetic and dyonic expansions of the Nekrasov theory by studying the property
of hypergeometric functions in the magnetic and dyonic regions on the moduli
space. We also discuss the relation between the electric-magnetic duality of
gauge theory and the action-action duality of the integrable system.Comment: 17 pages, submitted to PRD; v2, typos corrected, references added;
v3, published versio
Spatially resolved spectroscopy of monolayer graphene on SiO2
We have carried out scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on
exfoliated monolayer graphene on SiO to probe the correlation between its
electronic and structural properties. Maps of the local density of states are
characterized by electron and hole puddles that arise due to long range
intravalley scattering from intrinsic ripples in graphene and random charged
impurities. At low energy, we observe short range intervalley scattering which
we attribute to lattice defects. Our results demonstrate that the electronic
properties of graphene are influenced by intrinsic ripples, defects and the
underlying SiO substrate.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, extended versio
Initial operation of a solar heating and cooling system in a full-scale solar building test facility
The Solar Building Test Facility (SBTF) was constructed to advance the technology for heating and cooling of office buildings with solar energy. Its purposes are to (1) test system components which include high-performing collectors, (2) test the performance of a complete solar heating and cooling system, (3) investigate component interactions, and (4) investigate durability, maintenance and reliability of components. The SBTF consists of a 50,000 square foot office building modified to accept solar heated water for operation of an absorption air conditioner and for the baseboard heating system. A 12,666 square foot solar collector field with a 30,000 gallon storage tank provides the solar heated water. A description of the system and the collectors selected is printed along with the objectives, test approach, expected system performance, and some preliminary results
Phase Retrieval with Application to Optical Imaging
This review article provides a contemporary overview of phase retrieval in
optical imaging, linking the relevant optical physics to the information
processing methods and algorithms. Its purpose is to describe the current state
of the art in this area, identify challenges, and suggest vision and areas
where signal processing methods can have a large impact on optical imaging and
on the world of imaging at large, with applications in a variety of fields
ranging from biology and chemistry to physics and engineering
Quantum Manifestation of Elastic Constants in Nanostructures
Generally, there are two distinct effects in modifying the properties of
low-dimensional nanostructures: surface effect (SS) due to increased
surface-volume ratio and quantum size effect (QSE) due to quantum confinement
in reduced dimension. The SS has been widely shown to affect the elastic
constants and mechanical properties of nanostructures. Here, using Pb nanofilm
and graphene nanoribbon as model systems, we demonstrate the QSE on the elastic
constants of nanostructures by first-principles calculations. We show that
generally QSE is dominant in affecting the elastic constants of metallic
nanostructures while SS is more pronounced in semiconductor and insulator
nanostructures. Our findings have broad implications in quantum aspects of
nanomechanics
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