Planetoceras Hyatt 1893

Genus Planetoceras Hyatt, 1893 Type species Planetoceras retardatum Hyatt, 1893; original designation. Diagnosis Genus of the family Trigonoceratidae with subevolute conch; whorls slightly impressed; whorl profile rectangular with weakly flattened venter, convex flanks and narrowly rounded umbilical margin. Ornament with fine growth lines, in the preadult stage with fine spiral ridges. Suture line with shallow external and lateral lobes. Siphuncle small with subcentral position (after Kummel 1964; emended). Included species Planetoceras bellilineatum Miller, Dunbar & Condra, 1933, Kentucky; Planetoceras destrictum sp. nov., Algeria; Nautilus globatus Sowerby, 1824, Ireland; Planetoceras invenustum Shimansky, 1967, South Urals; Planetoceras janischewskyi Shimansky, 1967, South Urals; Planetoceras retardatum Hyatt, 1893, Belgium; Nautilus schartimiensis Janischewsky, 1900, South Urals; Planetoceras tiltoni Miller, Dunbar & Condra, 1933, Iowa; Planetoceras transforme sp. nov., Algeria. Remarks Planetoceras was an insufficiently described and delimited genus; the type species P. retardatum was described by Hyatt (1893: 421) but not illustrated. Kummel (1964: K426) then published a photographic illustration of the type species. Miller et al. (1933: 138), Shimansky (1967: 130) and Histon (1999: 63) provided a more accurate diagnosis of the genus. Stratigraphic range Late Tournaisian to Bashkirian.Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 123-124, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Vestinautilus Ryckholt 1852

Genus Vestinautilus Ryckholt, 1852 Type species Nautilus Koninckii d’Orbigny, 1850; subsequent designation by Hyatt (1883 –1884). Diagnosis Genus of the family Trigonoceratidae with evolute conch; whorls slightly impressed; whorl profile rounded triangular or trapezoidal with flattened or weakly concave venter and pronounced ventrolateral shoulder. Ornament with fine lines and very coarse spiral ridges around the ventrolateral shoulder, sometimes also on the venter. Suture line slightly sinuous. Siphuncle small with subcentral position (after Kummel 1964; emended). Included species Nautilus (Trematodiscus) altidorsalis Winchell, 1862, Michigan; Nautilus biangulatus Sowerby, 1825, Southwest England; Nautilus cariniferus Sowerby, 1825, Ireland; Vestinautilus concinnus sp. nov. Algeria; Triboloceras formosum Foord, 1900, Ireland; Nautilus Koninckii d’Orbigny, 1850, Belgium; Nautilus multicarinatus Sowerby, 1825, Ireland; Vestinautilus padus sp. nov., Algeria; Coelonautilus paucicarinatus Foord, 1891, Ireland; Nautilus pinguis de Koninck, 1844, Belgium; Vestinautilus semiglaber Foord, 1900, Ireland; Vestinautilus semiplicatus Foord, 1900, Ireland. Remarks When Turner (1954) revised the genus Vestinautilus, he explicitly restricted the genus “to forms resembling the type species in possessing a venter concave or channelled at some stage of growth, a broad, depressed whorl profile, and a conch ornamented with spiral ribs, lirae and sulci.” At the same time, he introduced the new genus Subvestinautilus, which he placed in the family Temnocheilidae Mojsisovics, 1902. He stated that “the genus much resembles Vestinautilus … in shape but lacks a concave or channelled venter at any stage of development.” However, since he regarded Vestinautilus as belonging to the family Triboloceratidae Hyatt, 1884, he indirectly regarded the close morphological similarity as a result of convergent evolution. This opinion was followed (albeit with other family names) by Shimansky (1967) and Histon (1999), but rejected by Dzik (1984), who treated Subvestinautilus as a synonym of Vestinautilus. Here, we accept the separation of the two genera, but not the restrictive practice of Turner (1954), who considered the ventral shape (concave or convex) as the distinguishing character. The rather variable shape of the venter, which often changes throughout ontogeny in some of the species, can hardly be regarded as a criterion for distinguishing between the two families. We therefore assign those species with coarse spiral ridges and a broad trapezoidal whorl profile, whether they possess a concave or convex venter, to Vestinautilus. Stratigraphic range Late Tournaisian to Viséan.Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Planetoceras destrictum Korn & Miao & Bockwinkel 2022, sp. nov.

Planetoceras destrictum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 42BD8B9E-A638-4C4F-9472-0B0EE6AB489E Figs 12–13; Table 8 Diagnosis Species of Planetoceras with moderately depressed, rounded-pentagonal whorl profile (ww/wh ~ 1.65), venter slightly flattened, ventrolateral shoulder broadly rounded. Umbilical margin subangular to narrowly rounded, umbilical wall steep, flattened. Whorls slightly embracing. Etymology After the Latin ‘ destrictum ’, meaning ‘sharp’ and referring to the angular umbilical margin. Type material Holotype ALGERIA • Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “Dalle à Merocanites ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); illustrated in Fig. 12; MB.C.30385. Description Specimen MB.C.30385 is a fully chambered specimen with a diameter of 67 mm (Fig. 12). It is a stout, subinvolute conch (ww/dm = 0.76; uw/dm = 0.29) and has a depressed, subtrapezoidal whorl profile with a broadly rounded venter, a rounded ventrolateral shoulder, weakly flattened, slightly converging flanks, a rounded umbilical margin and a rounded umbilical wall. It has a very high coiling rate (WER = 2.59). The specimen shows a morphological change in the shape of the umbilicus. During the last volution of the phragmocone, the umbilical margin changes from subangular to rounded. At the same time, the umbilical wall changes from flattened to rounded. The suture line extends nearly linearly across the venter and possesses a very shallow lobe on the flank (Fig. 13). Remarks Planetoceras destrictum sp. nov. differs from the species described from Belgium, the South Urals and North America in the flattened venter, which is rounded in those species. More similar is P. globatum (Sowerby, 1824), a species with a very similar whorl profile (Histon 1999) but a more slender conch (ww/dm ~ 0.55 at 58 mm dm) than P. destrictum sp. nov. (ww/dm ~ 0.76 at 67 mm dm). Planetoceras transforme sp. nov. (described below) has a much stouter conch (ww/dm ~ 0.85).Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 124-125, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Thrincoceras devolvere Korn & Miao & Bockwinkel 2022, sp. nov.

Thrincoceras devolvere sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DFAFE2FC-2688-426E-B543-D0F61D31C354 Fig. 7; Table 3 Diagnosis Species of Thrincoceras with weakly depressed, rounded-trapezoidal whorl profile (ww/wh ~ 1.40), venter slightly flattened, ventrolateral shoulder broadly rounded. Whorls slightly embracing, above 40 mm dm with the tendency for slow uncoiling. Ornament with about 20 spiral lines on the flank and few delicate spiral lines on the outer part of the venter, main area of the venter without spiral lines. Growth lines concavo-convex with shallow lateral sinus and deep, rounded V-shaped ventral sinus. Etymology After the Latin verb ‘ devolvere ’, meaning ‘devolve’, referring to the coiling. Type material Holotype ALGERIA • Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “ Dalle à Merocanites ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); illustrated in Fig. 7; MB.C.30380. Description Holotype MB.C.30380 is an incomplete specimen with 43 mm diameter of the conch (Fig. 7). It is thinly discoidal and evolute (ww/dm = 0.44; uw/dm = 0.48), with a weakly depressed, rounded-trapezoidal whorl profile (ww/wh = 1.37) and a high coiling rate (WER = 2.14). It can be seen on the specimen that uncoiling starts at the last quarter of the last whorl, as the depth of the imprint zone decreases slightly. The ornament consists of about 20 spiral lines on the flank, which are raised to faint ridges in the region of the middle flank and become weaker towards both the umbilicus and the venter. These spirals are crossed by finer growth lines and together form a conspicuous granulation on the penultimate volution. Most part of the venter does not have spiral lines; there are delicate growth lines, which form a deep and wide, rounded V-shaped ventral sinus. It appears that one volution earlier, spirals are also developed on the venter, but the specimen is poorly preserved in this area. Remarks Thrincoceras devolvere sp. nov. differs from the two North American species T. kentuckiense and T. depressum first in the size of the conch, which in the two latter species reaches well over 100 mm (Hyatt 1893). T. kentuckiense, however, has a very similar whorl profile to T. devolvere sp. nov., but shows no detachment of the whorls from the preceding one. The species known from Ireland, T. hyatti and T. hibernicum, have more subangular ventrolateral shoulders and flattened flanks (Foord 1891, 1900) and therefore differ in whorl profile from T. devolvere sp. nov.Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 115-116, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Lispoceras Hyatt 1893

Genus <i>Lispoceras</i> Hyatt, 1893 Type species <p> <i>Lispoceras trivolve</i> Hyatt, 1893; original designation.</p> Diagnosis <p>Genus of the family Trigonoceratidae with evolute conch; whorls just touching each other; whorl profile weakly depressed elliptical or circular. Ornament in the adult stage with fine growth lines, in the preadult stage with fine spiral lines. Suture line with shallow external and lateral lobes. Siphuncle small with subcentral position (after Kummel 1964; emended).</p> Included species <p> <i>Lispoceras orbis</i> sp. nov., Algeria; <i>Lispoceras proconsul</i> Shimansky, 1967, Kazakhstan; <i>Lispoceras rotundum</i> Hyatt, 1893, Ireland; <i>Lispoceras trivolve</i> var. <i>simplum</i> Hyatt, 1893, Belgium; <i>Lispoceras trivolve</i> Hyatt, 1893, Belgium.</p> Remarks <p> <i>Lispoceras</i> was an insufficiently described and delimited genus; the type species <i>L. trivolve</i> was described by Hyatt (1893: 426) but not illustrated. Kummel (1964: K430) then published a photographic illustration of the type species and Shimansky (1967: 141) provided a more accurate diagnosis of the genus.</p> Stratigraphic range <p>Late Tournaisian to Viséan.</p>Published as part of <i>Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789</i> on page 111, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5965355">http://zenodo.org/record/5965355</a&gt

Maccoyoceras pentagonum Korn & Miao & Bockwinkel 2022, sp. nov.

<i>Maccoyoceras pentagonum</i> sp. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5C272A6C-5B23-4D36-B28B-8650C8A6D38B</p> <p>Figs 2–3; Table 1</p> Diagnosis <p> Species of <i>Maccoyoceras</i> reaching about 80 mm conch diameter. Conch with weakly compressed to circular whorl profile (ww/wh = 0.80–1.00); venter flattened or completely applanate, ventrolateral shoulder narrowly rounded or subangular. Whorls very weakly embracing or just touching. Ornament in the juvenile stage with spiral lines on the flank and outer area of the venter, in the adult stage without spiral lines. Growth lines with weakly biconvex course with a shallow lateral sinus and a moderately high ventrolateral projection.</p> Etymology <p> From the Latin ‘ <i>pentagon</i> ’; referring to the shape of the whorl profile.</p> Type material <p> <b>Holotype</b> ALGERIA • Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “ Dalle à <i>Merocanites</i> ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); illustrated in Fig. 2A; MB.C.30378.1.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b> ALGERIA • 33 specimens; Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “ Dalle à <i>Merocanites</i> ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); MB.C.30378.2 – MB.C.30378.34.</p> Description <p>Holotype MB.C.30378.1 is the largest specimen available; it has a conch almost 74 mm in diameter (Fig. 2A). It is extremely discoidal and subevolute (ww/dm = 0.31; uw/dm = 0.37) with compressed whorls (ww/wh = 0.80) and a very high coiling rate (WER = 2.65). The inner whorls are loosely coiled with a 6 mm wide umbilical window; the dorsum touches the venter of the previous whorl after one and a quarter whorl. The first whorl and a half are circular in profile. Thereafter, the venter becomes flattened and bordered to the flanks by a subangular shoulder.At 25 mm in diameter, the umbilical margin becomes narrowly rounded. During the last half whorl, the ventrolateral shoulder becomes rounded and the venter is broadly convex in profile (Fig. 3A).</p> <p>The ornament shows a succession of four developmental stages in the present specimens:</p> <p>(1) On slightly more than the first volution, up to a conch diameter of 15 mm, coarse spiral lines and growth lines form a granular surface on the flanks. The growth lines extend backwards on the flank.</p> <p>(2) For almost three quarters of a whorl between 15 and 28 mm in diameter, the flanks are ornamented with spiral lines that become strikingly finer during this growth interval. At the beginning of this stage, they are much wider than their interstices, but at the end they are visible as very fine lines separated by interstices ten times wider. Some of the spiral lines granulate out to a diameter of the conch of 23 mm.</p> <p>(3) A short segment of a volution (between 28 and 32 mm dm) shows hardly visible spiral lines; biconvex, rather coarse growth lines with a weakly biconvex course are the dominant type of ornament.</p> <p>(4) Beyond 32 mm diameter of the conch, the ornament consists only of coarse growth lines. They are weakly biconvex with a very low dorsolateral projection, a shallow lateral sinus, a low ventrolateral projection; the venter is almost smooth.</p> <p>The other specimens illustrated here largely confirm the ornament development of specimen MB.C.30378.1 or provide additional information. Specimen MB.C.30378.4 (Fig. 2D) has a very wellpreserved shell ornament; it clearly shows the sudden change that terminates the second ontogenetic ornament stage at 26 mm diameter. The third stage with clearly weaker spiral lines is only 45 degrees long.</p> <p>Specimen MB.C.30378.8 (Fig. 2H) shows, up to at least 40 mm conch diameter, spiral lines on the venter. Specimen MB.C.30378.5 (Fig. 2E) possesses, between 15 and 20 mm diameter, rather coarse spiral lines.</p> <p>Between 20 and 70 mm shell diameter, there are ontogenetic changes in the shell proportions (Fig. 3B– E). These specimens show that the conch becomes more slender (ww/dm decreases from 0.40 to 0.30) and slightly more involute (uw/dm decreases from 0.45 to 0.40). Additionally, the whorl profile becomes more compressed (ww/wh decreases from 1.10 to 0.80). For the first three parameters of the conch, the</p> <p>intraspecific variation is small (Fig. 3B–D). In contrast, the plasticity of the coiling rate is very striking; the whorl expansion rate ranges from 2.10 to 2.70 between 30 and 40 mm conch diameters (Fig. 3E).</p> Remarks <p> <i>Maccoyoceras pentagonum</i> sp. nov. has a similar conch shape and ornament to the other species of the genus already known from Belgium and Ireland. However, the new species differs from <i>M. discors</i> (M‘Coy 1844) in the compressed whorl profile, which is approximately quadrate at 80 mm conch diameter in <i>M. discors</i>. <i>Maccoyoceras leveilleanum</i> has a convex venter (de Koninck 1844) and <i>M. wrightii</i> (Foord, 1900) has a convex venter and an even more compressed whorl profile (ww/wh ~ 0.70 at 50 mm dm) (Foord 1900).</p>Published as part of <i>Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789</i> on pages 107-110, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5965355">http://zenodo.org/record/5965355</a&gt

Rineceras Hyatt 1893

Genus Rineceras Hyatt, 1893 Type species Gyroceras propinquum de Koninck, 1880; subsequent designation by Foord (1900). Diagnosis Genus of the family Trigonoceratidae with evolute conch; whorls detached or slightly in contact; whorl profile elliptical or rounded triangular with broad venter. Ornament with coarse growth lines and coarse spiral ridges; coarse granulation at the crossing points of growth lines and spiral ridges. Suture line with shallow external and lateral lobes. Siphuncle small with subcentral position (after Kummel 1964; emended). Included Early Carboniferous species Rhineceras alapaevskensis Kruglov, 1934, Urals; Pararineceras balladoolense Turner, 1954, Isle of Man; Nautilus canaliculatus von Eichwald, 1857, south Urals; Rineceras carinatiforme Shimansky, 1967, Kazakhstan; Nautilus carinatus von Eichwald, 1857, western Russia; Nautilus (Discus) digonus Meek & Worthen, 1860, Indiana; Nautilus Luidii Fleming, 1828, Derbyshire; Nautilus (Trematodiscus) Meekianus Winchell, 1862, Michigan; Gyroceras Meyerianum de Koninck, 1844, Belgium; Rineceras multituberculatum sp. nov., Algeria; Rineceras ohioense Miller & Garner, 1953, Ohio; Triboloceras patteiskyi Schmidt, 1951, Rhenish Mountains; Gyroceras propinquum de Koninck, 1880, Belgium; Rineceras rectangulatum sp. nov., Algeria; Nautilus rhenanus Holzapfel, 1889, Rhenish Mountains; Nautilus (Trematodiscus) strigatus Winchell, 1862, Michigan. Remarks Turner (1954) introduced the genus Pararineceras on the basis of the species originally described by Martin (1793, 1809) as “Conchyliolithus N. Ammonites (Luidii)”, but as Martin did not follow the Linnaean binomial procedure, Fleming (1828) is regarded as the author of the species (Turner 1953). This species differs from most of the species assigned to the genus Rineceras only by the more densely coiled conch, a character that might be gradual and not useful for a separation of genera. While Kummel (1964) accepted both of the two genera, Shimansky (1967) and Dzik (1984) regarded Pararineceras as a synonym of Rineceras. In the following, we treat Pararineceras a junior synonym of Rineceras until a clear separation can be demonstrated. Stratigraphic range Middle Tournaisian to Serpukhovian.Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on page 117, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Rineceras rectangulatum Korn & Miao & Bockwinkel 2022, sp. nov.

Rineceras rectangulatum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B6626858-751D-4EA3-B80C-76D5D11CAAC7 Fig. 9; Table 5 Etymology Referring to the rectangular ventrolateral shoulder. Type material Holotype ALGERIA • Gourara, Sebkha de Timimoun 14.5 km west-southwest of Timimoun; “ Dalle à Merocanites ” (Tournaisian-Viséan boundary interval); illustrated in Fig. 9, MB.C.30382. Diagnosis Species of Rineceras with weakly depressed, rounded-trapezoidal whorl profile (ww/wh ~ 1.45), venter flattened, umbilical shoulder broadly rounded without clean boundary between the flank and the umbilical wall. Whorls slightly embracing. Ornament in the juvenile stage with weak spiral lines on the flank. Description Holotype MB.C.30382 is an incomplete specimen with 50 mm diameter (Fig. 9). A little more than a quarter whorl belongs to the body chamber. The conch is thickly discoidal and subevolute (ww/dm = 0.57; uw/dm = 0.42) with a flat venter and an angular ventrolateral shoulder. The flanks are very slightly concave and diverge slowly towards the venter; the umbilical margin and the umbilical wall are broadly rounded. The penultimate volution differs in its oval whorl profile and the wider umbilicus (uw/dm = 0.50 at 24 mm dm). The umbilical window has a width of approximately 6 mm. Most of the specimen is exfoliated and corroded, but the penultimate whorl shows about five spiral ridges on the flanks. Traces of these ridges are still visible on the last preserved volution. The suture line has a broadly V-shaped external lobe with rounded base on the venter, a shallow lobe on the flank and an incipient lobe on the umbilical wall. Remarks Rineceras rectangulatum sp. nov. differs from most species of the genus by the trapezoidal whorl profile with angular ventrolateral shoulder. Rineceras carinatiforme has a similar shape, but in this species the venter is broadly rounded here and not perfectly flat as in R. rectangulatum sp. nov. Rineceras strigatum (Winchell, 1862) is also similar, but shows a sharp ventrolateral shoulder (Shimansky 1967).Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on pages 119-120, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535

Thrincoceras Hyatt 1893

Genus Thrincoceras Hyatt, 1893 Type species Thrincoceras depressum Hyatt, 1893; subsequent designation by Schmidt (1951). Diagnosis Genus of the family Trigonoceratidae with evolute conch; whorls slightly impressed or slightly detached; whorl profile nearly quadrate with flattened venter and narrowly rounded ventrolateral shoulder and umbilical margin. Ornament with fine growth lines and moderately coarse spiral lines. Suture line with shallow external and lateral lobes. Siphuncle small with subcentral position (after Kummel 1964; emended). Included species Thrincoceras depressum Hyatt, 1893, Kentucky; Gyroceras Hibernicum Foord, 1891, Ireland; Thrincoceras Hyatti Foord, 1900, Ireland; Thrincoceras kentuckiense Hyatt, 1893, Kentucky; Thrincoceras devolvere sp. nov., Algeria. Remarks Several genera with a coarse spiral ornament and granulation on the spirals were introduced within the family Trigonoceratidae; these show a rather continuous morphological variation: Chouteauceras Miller & Garner, 1953 – whorls compressed, oval, separated by interspaces; Rineceras Hyatt, 1893 – whorls depressed, oval or rounded triangular, separated by interspaces; Pararineceras Turner, 1954 – whorls depressed, oval or rounded triangular to rounded-trapezoidal, touching or slightly embracing the preceding one; Discitoceras Hyatt, 1884 – whorls depressed, subtrapezoidal with narrowly rounded venter, slightly embracing the preceding one; Thrincoceras Hyatt, 1893 – whorls subquadrate in section and embracing the preceding one. However, one must bear in mind that Thrincoceras also developed an adult stage in which the whorl loses contact with the preceding one. The holotype of T. hyatti, for instance, uncoils at about 90 mm conch diameter (Foord 1900; Histon 1999). Stratigraphic range Late Tournaisian to Late Carboniferous (?).Published as part of Korn, Dieter, Miao, Luyi & Bockwinkel, Jürgen, 2022, The nautiloids from the Early Carboniferous Dalle à Merocanites of Timimoun, western Algeria, pp. 104-129 in European Journal of Taxonomy 789 on page 115, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.789.1635, http://zenodo.org/record/596535