Features of subjects (<i>N</i> = 839).

<p>Features of subjects (<i>N</i> = 839).</p

Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios at various cut-off scores of the PHQ-2.

<p>Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios at various cut-off scores of the PHQ-2.</p

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 versus the SCID-I for a depression diagnosis.

<p>The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 versus the SCID-I for a depression diagnosis.</p

Flow chart of participant’s enrolment.

<p>Flow chart of participant’s enrolment.</p

Item analysis of PHQ-9.

<p>Item analysis of PHQ-9.</p

Univariate analyses by using univariate logistic regression of socio demographics, MHL, health status, and professional help-seeking behaviors (<i>n</i> = 1956).

<p>Univariate analyses by using univariate logistic regression of socio demographics, MHL, health status, and professional help-seeking behaviors (<i>n</i> = 1956).</p

Multivariate logistic regression of socio-demographics, MHL, health status and professional help-seeking behaviors (n = 1956)^*.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression of socio-demographics, MHL, health status and professional help-seeking behaviors (n = 1956)^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0141889#t003fn001" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p

Bactericidal and Hemocompatible Coating via the Mixed-Charged Copolymer

Cationic antibacterial coating based on quaternary ammonium compounds, with an efficient and broad spectrum bactericidal property, has been widely used in various fields. However, the high density of positive charges tends to induce weak hemocompatibility, which hinders the application of the cationic antibacterial coating in blood-contacting devices and implants. It has been reported that a negatively charged surface can reduce blood coagulation, showing improved hemocompatibility. Here, we describe a strategy to combine the cationic and anionic groups by using mixed-charged copolymers. The copolymers of poly (quaternized vinyl pyridine-<i>co</i>-<i>n</i>-butyl methacrylate-<i>co</i>-methacrylate acid) [P­(QVP-<i>co</i>-<i>n</i>BMA-<i>co</i>-MAA)] were synthesized through free radical copolymerization. The cationic group of QVP, the anionic group of MAA, and the hydrophobic group of <i>n</i>BMA were designed to provide bactericidal capability, hemocompatibility, and coating stability, respectively. Our findings show that the hydrophilicity of the copolymer coating increased, and its zeta potential decreased from positive charge to negative charge with the increase of the anionic/cationic ratio. Meanwhile, the bactericidal property of the copolymer coating was kept around a similar level compared with the pure quaternary ammonium copolymer coating. Furthermore, the coagulation time, platelet adhesion, and hemolysis tests revealed that the hemocompatibility of the copolymer coating improved with the addition of the anionic group. The mixed-charged copolymer combined both bactericidal property and hemocompatibility and has a promising potential in blood-contacting antibacterial devices and implants

Improving Solar Vapor Generation by Eliminating the Boundary Layer Inhibition Effect of Evaporator Pores

Solar-driven water evaporation is highly demanded in various applications. However, the pore structures of the solar evaporators are commonly randomly designed, which seriously hinder vapor diffusion and thus limit water producibility. Herein, the boundary layer inhibition effect is uncovered for the first time, and we propose that low-tortuosity channels with a reduced boundary layer thickness is adequate for breaking through the long-existing vapor diffusion limitation. As a demo, nature-inspired low-tortuosity channels are constructed for a solar evaporator. Due to elimination of the boundary layer inhibition, the vapor diffusion flux can easily escape from the evaporator, yielding an evaporation rate of 16.8 kg m–2 h–1 under a convective flow of 4.0 m s–1 and 1 sun irradiation. Moreover, the 3D radial interconnection of the channels enables stable water evaporation under an arbitrary direction of convective flow. Our work provides a promising solution to eliminate the boundary layer inhibition effect of a solar evaporator