On a higher order two dimensional thermoelastic system combining a local and nonlocal boundary conditions

Due to their importance and numerous applications, evolution mixed problems with non local constraints in the boundary conditions have been extensively studied during the two last decades. In this paper, we consider an initial boundary value problem for a higher order thermoelastic system arising in linear thermoelasticity which combines some Dirichlet and weighted integral boundary conditions. The studied system modelizes in general a Kirchoff plate. We prove the well posedness of the given problem. Our proofs are mainly based on some a priori bounds in some Sobolev type space functions and on some density arguments

Cheese-Algae Interactions

Algae are everywhere in this planet. They have been used in a wide variety of industries because of unique chemical composition and high concentration of bioactive substances. The agar, alginate and carrageenan are products which come from the gelling, thickening and stabilizing properties of algae. In addition algae is considered to be an important supplement and an additive to handy foods. They are also added up to products of fish and oils, to promote their quality, as well as to meat products like steaks, pastry , frankfurters and sausages. Algae is also used in grain products and their derivatives , like bread, pasta and flour. Because of their critical characteristics algae plays a role in the fermented functional food structure. The majority of fermented products made with algae are dairy products and their derivatives. Mixed fermented products, which contain an intensive population of lactic acid bacteria and algae, contain biologically active metabolites of natural origin, which enables not only the creation of high-nutrient products, but also the creation of a novel types of fermented food

Glazing design for bilateral daylighting in public school classrooms in northern part of Algeria

Daylight quality and quantity in Algerian schools display a serious condition in ensuring the visual comfort of students and teachers. Some problems arise due to poor window design and excessive amounts of daylight penetration into the classrooms as well as non-uniform daylight distribution, which may cause glare and heat gain. This study aimed at choosing an ideal window size and glazing pattern to maximise daylight effectiveness and occupant comfort in Algerian schools. Field measurements of selected classrooms were carried out in selected schools in Algeria during the summer and winter seasons. The data were analysed and used to develop a model design for simulation. Seven patterns of glazing window design was used for an extensive simulation exercise. The results of the investigation from the site measurements show that WWR was more than 40%; the WPI was found to be within the range of 300lux to 500lux and the DF of 4%, which exceeded reference value, except the southeast orientation which recorded 2.98%. Results from the simulation using IES by comparing three different glazing types (tint, clear and reflective) and using different glazing size from 25% to 75% in winter (under overcast sky condition) and summer (under intermediate sky condition). The evidence from this study suggests that tinted windows in both winter and summer is ideal as the simulation’s result shows that significant usable area (31.22% - 41.74%) is achievable in a bilateral window opening with a DF<2 by increasing the percentage of the tinted glass from 25% to 75%. From the results this research suggests that a 30% WWR with a tinted glass of 50% VT in a bilateral school design would be ideal for public schools in Algeria as it yielded a WPI within the range of 300lux to 500lux. The use of different glazing configurations during the experiment had a significant impact in the improvement of the quantity and quality of daylighting

On an Initial Boundary Value Problem for a Class of Odd Higher Order Pseudohyperbolic Integrodifferential Equations

This paper is devoted to the study of the well-posedness of an initial boundary value problem for an odd higher order nonlinear pseudohyperbolic integrodifferential partial differential equation. We associate to the equation n nonlocal conditions and n+1 classical conditions. Upon some a priori estimates and density arguments, we first establish the existence and uniqueness of the strongly generalized solution in a class of a certain type of Sobolev spaces for the associated linear mixed problem. On the basis of the obtained results for the linear problem, we apply an iterative process in order to establish the well-posedness of the nonlinear problem

On the well posedness of a mathematical model for a singular nonlinear fractional pseudo-hyperbolic system with nonlocal boundary conditions and frictional damping

This paper is devoted to the study of the well-posedness of a singular nonlinear fractional pseudo-hyperbolic system. The fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. The equations are supplemented by classical and nonlocal boundary conditions. Upon some a priori estimates and density arguments, we establish the existence and uniqueness of the strongly generalized solution for the associated linear fractional system in some Sobolev fractional spaces. On the basis of the obtained results for the linear fractional system, we apply an iterative process in order to establish the well-posedness of the nonlinear fractional system. This mathematical model of pseudo-hyperbolic systems arises mainly in the theory of longitudinal and lateral vibrations of elastic bars (beams), and in some special case it is propounded in unsteady helical flows between two infinite coaxial circular cylinders for some specific boundary conditions

Performance of office building integrated photovoltaic for windows under semi-arid climate in Algeria

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) has become the most significant alternative form of renewable energy for producing clean energy and to protect the environment. In Algeria, some problems arise due to the high energy consumption levels of building sector. Large amounts of this energy are lost through the external envelope façade, because of poor window design. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the optimum BIPV windows performance for overall energy consumption (OEC) in typical office buildings in the semi-arid climate. Field measurements on a tested office building were carried out during the spring and summer seasons for the calibration and validation of Energy-plus and Integrated Environment Solution Virtual Environment (IES-VE) software. The data was analysed and used to develop a model for (OEC) simulation. The results of the investigation from the site measurements show that the BIPV window application provides a sufficient quantity of uniform daylight with only 20% Visible Light Transmittance (VLT), plus a comfortable indoor temperature and a considerable amount of clean energy production. The base-model and nine commercially-available BIPV modules, with different Window Wall Ratio (WWR), cardinal orientation and tilt angles were applied in an extensive simulation exercise. The simulation was carried out using Energy-plus to evaluate the energy generated through simple and equivalent one-diode models. The thermal performance used the Ideal load Air System (ILAS) model. In addition to IES-VE for the assessment of visual comfort and daylighting performance, through a combination of daylight control method, Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) and CEI glare index (CGI) were done. The results from this study revealed that the optimum BIPV window design differentiates in each orientation; which is the double glazing PV modules (A) with medium WWR and 20% VLT in the Southern facade, 30% VLT toward the East-West axis. Meanwhile, the North orientation is not suitable the application of BIPV window. The Maximum energy saving can be obtained with a 60% toward the South orientation by double glazing PV module (D). On the other hand, the PV modules minimize significantly the glare index comparing the base-model. The result established that the energy output percentages in a 3D model can be used by architects and designers in the early stages of design. Thus, the adoption of optimum BIPV window shows a significant improvement of the overall energy saving and visual comfort to deem them as an essential application in the semi-arid climate

Investigating use of daylight in a typical Algerian public classroom typology

The presence of daylight affects human beings both physiologically and psychologically. Admitting daylight into an indoor enclosure improves mood, enhances morale, lowers fatigue, and reduces eyestrain. To adequately capture the characteristics of current daylight design practice in typical Algerian classroom A field observations was carried out in the study area which comprises the school buildings and including performing a series of measurements for daylighting inside the classrooms. This was further confirmed by the use of simulation using IES software. As investigated the standard sky condition in Algeria is overcast and based on this; the conceptual models of Algerian public schools are divided into two types of school buildings. Schools inherited from the colonial period and those built during the period of French occupation which are characterized by variation on the arrangements of classrooms even for a single school and are streamlined into; linear assembly with simple distribution (traditional classroom) which is common and the second type which has a linear assembly with double distribution. Based on the existing guideline from the Ministry of National Education which was adopted from the colonial masters. The simulation result confirm that class room typologies in Algeria had less consideration for climatic and comfort conditions and the window openings allowed excessive daylight

On the well posedness of a mathematical model for a singular nonlinear fractional pseudo-hyperbolic system with nonlocal boundary conditions and frictional damping terms

This paper is devoted to the study of the well-posedness of a singular nonlinear fractional pseudo-hyperbolic system with frictional damping terms. The fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. The equations are supplemented by classical and nonlocal boundary conditions. Upon some a priori estimates and density arguments, we establish the existence and uniqueness of the strongly generalized solution for the associated linear fractional system in some Sobolev fractional spaces. On the basis of the obtained results for the linear fractional system, we apply an iterative process in order to establish the well-posedness of the nonlinear fractional system. This mathematical model of pseudo-hyperbolic systems arises mainly in the theory of longitudinal and lateral vibrations of elastic bars (beams), and in some special case it is propounded in unsteady helical flows between two infinite coaxial circular cylinders for some specific boundary conditions