Etude physicochimique de l’huile essentielle de Ruta Chalepensis L. de Tlemcen, Algérie

Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutacée), est une plante aromatique médicinale encore utilisée dans la médecine traditionnelle de nombreux pays comme laxatif, antiinflammatoire, analgésique, antipasmodique, abortif, antiépileptique, emménagogue et pour le traitement de pathologies cutanées. Des screening phytochimiques ont mis en évidence la présence de coumarines en sus d’alcaloïdes et ont donné la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle de la partie aérienne de la plante provenant de différents pays. Ce travail a porté sur la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle de la plante provenant de l’Algérie, qui n’a jamais fait l’objet de publication. Les analyses ont été réalisées par chromatographie en phase gazeuse (CG) et CG – spectrométrie de masse (SM). 20 composés représentant 64.66 - 93.99% de l’huile essentielle ont été identifiés et, comme composé majoritaire le 2-undécanone (20.40 - 82.74%). L’étude des variations du rendement, des propriétés physicochimiques et de lacomposition chimique de l’huile essentielle a été réalisée en fonction de la partie de la plante étudiée, la période et le lieu de cueillette de la plante. Les résultats ainsi obtenus ont montré l’extrême variabilité du rendement, des propriétés physicochimiques et de la composition.Mots-clés : Ruta chalepensis, huile essentielle, composition chimique, chromatographie en phase gazeuse, spectrométrie de masse, chemotype, 2- undécanone

Chemical composition, antibacterial activity of a new essential oil chemotype of Algerian Artemisia arborescens L.

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Chemical Composition, antibacterial and free radical scavenging activities of Pinushalepensis Miller growing in West Northern of Algeria.

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Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Pinus halepensis Miller growing in West Northern of Algeria.

International audienceObjective: To find new bioactive natural products, the chemical composition and to sudy the antibacterial activity of essential oil components extracted from the aerial parts of the Algerian aromatic plant Pinus halepensis Miller (P. halepensis) (needles, twigs and buds).Methods: The essential oil used in this study was isolated by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus according to the European Pharmacopoeia. The chemical composition was investigated using GC-retention indices (RI) and GC-MS. Results: Forty-nine compounds, representing 97.9% of the total collective oil, were identified. Essential oil was dominated by hydrocarbon compounds (80.6%) especially monoterpenes (65.5%). The major compounds from ten oils stations were: myrcene (15.2%-32.0%), α-pinene (12.2%- 24.5%), E-β-caryophyllene (7.0%-17.1%), terpinolene (1.8%-13.3%), 2-phenyl ethyl isovalerate (4.8%-10.9%), terpinene-4-ol (1.0%-8.2%) and sabinene (1.5%-6.3%). The intra-species variations of the chemical compositions of P. halepensis aerial part essential oil samples from ten Algerian sample locations were investigated using statistical analysis. Essential oil samples were clustered in 2 groups by hierarchical cluster analysis, according to their chemical composition. The essential oil revealed an interesting antimicrobial effect against Lysteria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusions: These results suggest that the essential oil from P. halepensis may be a new potential source as natural antimicrobial applied in pharmaceutical and food industrie

Chemical Composition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Essential Oils and Extracts of Algerian Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.

International audienceThis study reports the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts and the leaves of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. (Brassicaceae family) growing in the West Northern of Algeria. The volatile components of the aerial parts and the leaves were determined using both GC and GC-MS techniques which allowed the identification of thirty nine constituents accounting for 68.25 % and 77.63 % of the total oils, respectively. The major components were 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (aerial parts : 20.61 %; leaves : 11.08 %) and (E)-phytol (aerial parts : 11.38 %; leaves : 39.67 %). Total phenolic contents of six extracts of the leaves and the stems of C. draba were estimated by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The ethanolic extract of the leaves was found to possess the highest total phenolic content (57.79 mg of Gallic acid equivalent/g of plant extract). The antioxidant activity of the aerial parts oil and the extracts of C. draba was assessed using DPPH test. The ethanolic extract of the leaves showed a significant DPPH scavenging capacity (IC50 = 0.53 mg/ml)

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Pinus pinea from Algeria

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