Seasonal variation in volume of magpie eggs laid after the experiment in relation to risk of parasitism at the nest.

<p>Dashed lines represent the 95% confidence limits for the regression line (solid line). Egg volume and laying date were centred for the analysis but not in the figure to allow a biological interpretation of measurements. The arrow indicates an <i>a priori</i> outlier.</p

Variation in magpie egg volume in relation to risk of cuckoo parasitism at the nest.

<p>Variation in magpie egg volume in relation to risk of cuckoo parasitism at the nest.</p

Variation in number of magpie eggs in relation to risk of cuckoo parasitism at the nest.

<p>Variation in number of magpie eggs in relation to risk of cuckoo parasitism at the nest.</p

Host clutch size and body condition in relation to change in temperature.

<p>(A) Change in clutch size in relation to change in temperature. (B) Change in body condition in relation to change in temperature. The size of symbols is proportional to log-transformed sample sizes, while the lines are linear regression lines.</p

Change in parasite abundance and parasite prevalence over time for different categories of parasites.

<p>(A) Change in parasite abundance and (B) change in parasite prevalence between study years for different parasite taxa. Box plots show means, standard errors and 95% confidence intervals. The right Y-axis in (A) is the number of non-dipteran parasites.</p

Repeated measures ANOVAs with parasite abundance and prevalence in two separate study years as within subjects factors and locality identity, parasite identity, latitude, interval in years and temperature change (°C/year) as between subjects factors.

<p>Each effect was estimated in separates models. P-values smaller than 0.05 are shown in bold.</p

Change in laying date between first study year and 2010 in relation to latitude.

<p>The size of symbols is proportional to log-transformed sample size, while the lines are linear regression lines.</p

Repeated measures ANOVAs with laying date, clutch size, brood size, body condition and population density of hosts in two separate study years as within subjects factors and locality identity, host identity, latitude, interval in years and temperature change (°C/year) as between subjects factors.

<p>Each effect was estimated in separates models. P-values smaller than 0.05 are shown in bold.</p

Geographical distribution of the 26 sites for the study of temporal change in abundance and prevalence of parasites of birds and their consequences.

<p>Geographical distribution of the 26 sites for the study of temporal change in abundance and prevalence of parasites of birds and their consequences.</p

Temporal change in laying date of hosts, body condition of hosts, population size of hosts, brood size of hosts and clutch size of hosts between the first study year and 2010.

<p>Box plots show means, standard errors and 95% confidence intervals.</p