Resistance to bleomycin increases the chronological life of cells

The identification of genes involved in chronological aging could have a potential utility as molecular markers in the chemotherapy treatment of cancer. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between the chronological aging and the resistance to Bleomycin for the purpose of establish the basic interactions between these phenomenons for further investigation of molecular markers.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Relationship between chronological aging and acquired resistance to cisplatin in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae

The Sir2 gene is associated with an increase in longevity in yeasts, worms, flies and rodents. The human homolog, Sirt1, is also involved in longevity, by inhibiting cellular senescence. Studies carry out in tumor cells of neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, breast and ovary, resistant and sensitive to antineoplastic drugs, suggest that the increase of Sirt1 expression may represent a general phenomenon associated with resistance to chemotherapy, independent of cell type or drug used to induce resistance. Thus, after analyzing tumor biopsies after treating patients with chemotherapy, high amounts of Sirt1 have been observed. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between chronological aging and acquired resistance to Cisplatin in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Intestinal microbiota and colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer may be influenced by changes in the intestinal microbiota that affect the mucosa and cause an immune response capable of producing inflammatory effects. Although there are still few studies in this regard, it is necessary to emphasize the need to expand the studies on this topic and to state the usefulness of the new technologies based on metagenomics.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Case study of the intestinal microbiota using the XGN-MBI metagenomic assay

The microbiota of the colon and rectum is the most abundant and diverse of the human body, with a density of up to 1-2 kg of weight and a diversity that exceeds a thousand species. Metagenomics can be defined as the application of modern genomic techniques for the direct study of communities of microorganisms in their natural environment The aim of this study is to prove the usefulness of new technologies based on metagenomics, such as the XGN-MBI assay to realize gut microbiota studies.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Antisense Oligonucleotides and Magnetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Diagnostic and Cancer Treatment.

The resistance of tumors to therapeutic intervention is a major problem in the efficacy of treatments. A recent strategy to overcome this problem proposes the association of antitumor drugs with colloidal nanoparticles. Here a hypothesis is suggested concerning the potential use of antisense Oligo Deoxy Nucleotide (ODN) labeled with iron nanoparticles for tumor antisense gene detection with magnetic resonance gene imaging and cancer treatment

Environmental Stressors on Skin Aging. Mechanistic Insights.

The skin is the main barrier that protects us against environmental stressors (physical, chemical, and biological). These stressors, combined with internal factors, are responsible for cutaneous aging. Furthermore, they negatively affect the skin and increase the risk of cutaneous diseases, particularly skin cancer. This review addresses the impact of environmental stressors on skin aging, especially those related to general and specific external factors (lifestyle, occupation, pollutants, and light exposure). More specifically, we have evaluated ambient air pollution, household air pollutants from non-combustion sources, and exposure to light (ultraviolet radiation and blue and red light). We approach the molecular pathways involved in skin aging and pathology as a result of exposure to these external environmental stressors. Finally, we reflect on how components of environmental stress can interact with ultraviolet radiation to cause cell damage and the critical importance of knowing the mechanisms to develop new therapies to maintain the skin without damage in old age and to repair its diseases.This research was funded by Spanish grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III MINECO and Feder Funds (FIS: PI15/00974, PI18/00708, and PI18/00858)

Clinical metagenomic analysis and Cancer

After seven years of periodic controls by the SEIMC (Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology), it can be affirmed that the analysis is capable of detecting microorganisms in any type of sample (Blood, CSF, Saliva, BAL, Urine, Sputum, Faeces, Tissues, Prosthetic Material, Exudates, Swabs, Etc…), it requires a small amount of sample, it identifies more than 77,000 pathogens in a single test, simultaneously detects Archaea, G+ and G- Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, Protists and parasites, it detects nonculturable pathogens and those that revert to false negatives, it is not affected by inhibition by antibiotics or other causes, resistance to antibiotics and antimycotics are detected, results are obtained in 24 hours, it is the most sensitive and reliable direct microbial identification technique and specific today. The analysis is 87% more sensitive than a culture, 99% reliable in gender determination, 91% reliable in sensitivity, increases the rate of accurate diagnosis of infections by more than 50%, as it is NGS sequencing it is more sensitive, specific and reliable than 16s and 18s sequencing. The test is highly useful for detecting microorganisms associated with cancer.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Pulsed magnetic feld increases the efect of ultraviolet C radiation and thermal shock in aged yeasts

The study of the efects of the magnetic feld (MF) on living matter continues to be a dilemma. Until now, the interaction mechanisms of MF with living matter that explain the observed phenomena are unknown. Despite the existing literature and the multiple efects described to date, there are few published articles that study the combined efect of MF with other physical agents during the cellular aging process. In this sense, the aim of this work is to study whether low frequency and intensity pulsed and sinusoidal MF exposure produce alterations in the cell killing efect of ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation and thermal shock during the chronological aging of S. cerevisiae. Yeast cells were exposed to 2.45 mT (50 Hz) sinusoidal MF and 1.5 mT (25 Hz) pulsed MF, during 40 days of aging, in combination with UVC radiation (50 J/m2 ) and/or thermal shock (52°C). Cell survival was evaluated by clonogenic assay. The exposure of yeast to pulsed MF produces an acceleration of aging, which is not observed in cells exposed to sinusoidal MF. The pulsed MF modifes the cellular response to damaging agents only in aged S. cerevisiae cells. In this sense, the pulsed MF applied increases the damage induced by UVC radiation and by thermal shock. In contrast, the sinusoidal MF used has no efect.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Málaga/CBUA. This study was supported by the “Plan Andaluz de Investi gación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PAIDI); Junta de Andalucía”, code CTS-181

Microbiome alterations and Alzheimer's Disease: modeling strategies with transgenic mice.

In the last decade, the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been gaining momentum in the context of many neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes, respectively. Notably, a balanced gut microbiota contributes to the epithelial intestinal barrier maintenance, modulates the host immune system, and releases neurotransmitters and/or neuroprotective short-chain fatty acids. However, dysbiosis may provoke immune dysregulation, impacting neuroinflammation through peripheral-central immune communication. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide or detrimental microbial end-products can cross the blood-brain barrier and induce or at least potentiate the neuropathological progression of AD. Thus, after repeated failure to find a cure for this dementia, a necessary paradigmatic shift towards considering AD as a systemic disorder has occurred. Here, we present an overview of the use of germ-free and/or transgenic animal models as valid tools to unravel the connection between dysbiosis, metabolic diseases, and AD, and to investigate novel therapeutical targets. Given the high impact of dietary habits, not only on the microbiota but also on other well-established AD risk factors such as diabetes or obesity, consistent changes of lifestyle along with microbiome-based therapies should be considered as complementary approaches.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga/CBU

Her2-Positive and Microsatellite Instability Status in Gastric Cancer—Clinicopathological Implications

Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki, national and international guidelines and approved by the Provincial Research Ethics Committee of Malaga, Spain (approval 21 February 2019, number TFG-NCCG-2019). Informed Consent Statement: All the subjects provided written informed consent before participating in the study. Written informed consent for publication obtained from participating patients who can be identified. Data Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank Maria Repice for her help with the English version of the text.Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. The combination of new molecular classifications with clinicopathological data could contribute to the individualization of patients and to the development of new therapeutic strategies. We examined the various associations in two molecular types of GC: HER2-positive (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) and microsatellite instability (MSI), assessing their influence on treatment and prognosis. A retrospective study of 142 GC patients was performed with molecular characterization through HER2 overexpression and DNA repair protein expression for MSI. The percentage of HER2-positive tumors was 13.4%, predominantly in men. Correlations were found with intestinal type, metastases, advanced stages and chemotherapy. Almost 75% of HER2-positive patients died. MSI occurred in 16.2%, associated with advanced age, female sex, distal location and intestinal type. These patients had few metastases and low stages. The percentage of deaths was higher among MSI patients who received perioperative chemotherapy. The determination of HER2 and MSI status in GC is important for their association with specific clinicopathological features and for their prognostic and predictive value.This research was financially supported by the Department of Human Physiology, Human Histology, Anatomical Pathology and Physical Education (Histology Unit), University of Malaga and by the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital