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    Факторы риска неблагоприятного исхода COVID-19 в ОРИТ перепрофилированных стационаров разного типа

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    Objective: to study the risk factors for COVID-19 adverse outcomes in repurposed hospitals of various types.Material and methods. A retrospective study was conducted in the ICUs of three repurposed hospitals: a municipal hospital, a federal center and a private clinic. Data of 369 patients were analyzed for the period from April to December 2020. Gender, age, BMI, NEWS score, severity of lung damage based on CT quantification, blood gases and pH, patterns of antibiotic administration during hospital stay (all classes and number of antimicrobials, regardless the sequence of administration), patterns of main drugs administration (glucocorticosteroids, lopinavir/ritonavir, tocilizumab/ solilumab, hydroxychloroquine) were evaluated as risk factors. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by logistic regression.Results. Patients from repurposed hospitals of various types were distinguishable in terms of distribution by sex, severity of lung damage, administered therapy, blood gases, and the number of antimicrobials used. Mortality rates were 21.8% in the federal center, 41.4% in the private clinic, and 77.2% in the municipal hospital. The most significant risk factors were: the severity of lung damage based on CT quantification (OR=3.694, 95% CI: 1.014–13.455, P=0.048) — in the federal center, patient’s age (OR=1.385, 95% CI: 1.034–1.854, P=0.029) and arterial oxygen tension (OR=0.806, 95% CI: 0.652–0.996) — in the municipal hospital, and patients’ age (OR=2.158, 95% CI: 1.616–2.880, P0.0001), number of antibiotics (OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.332–2.406, P=0.0001), and blood pH (OR=0.381, 95% CI: 0.261–0.555, P0.0001) — in the private clinic.Conclusion. Patient’s profiles in municipal, federal, and private ICU settings varied significantly in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender distribution and severity of the diseases were found as the most significant differences among them. Clinical outcomes were also different, with the lowest mortality rate in the federal center and the highest in the municipal hospital. Arterial pO₂, blood pH, and the number of antimicrobials used in the course of treatment were the significant risk factors of fatal outcome (in some hospitals).Цель исследования. Изучить факторы риска неблагоприятного исхода COVID-19 в перепрофилированных стационарах разного типа.Материал и методы. Провели ретроспективное исследование в ОРИТ трех перепрофилированных стационаров: городской больницы, федерального центра и частной клиники. Отобрали данные 369 пациентов за период с апреля по декабрь 2020 года. В качестве факторов риска исследовали пол, возраст, ИМТ, оценку по шкале NEWS, выраженность повреждения легких по результатам КТ, газовый состав крови и рН, количество назначенных за время лечения антибиотиков (различных антибактериальных средств, вне зависимости от последовательности назначения пациенту) частоту применения основных препаратов (глюкокортикостероидов, лопинавира/ритонавира, тоцилизумаба/солилумаба, гидроксихлорохина). Отношения шансов (ОШ) и 95% доверительные интервалы (95% ДИ) рассчитывали методом логистической регрессии.Результаты. Пациенты разных перепрофилированных стационаров отличались по распределению пола, тяжести повреждения легких по КТ, назначенной терапии, результатам анализа газов крови, количеству назначенных антибиотиков. Летальность составила 21,8% в федеральном центре, 41,4% в частной клинике, 77,2% в городской больнице. Наиболее значимыми факторами риска являлись: в федеральном центре — тяжесть повреждения легких по результатам КТ (ОШ=3,694, 95% ДИ 1,014–13,455, р=0,048), в городской больнице — возраст (ОШ=1,385, 95% ДИ 1,034–1,854, р=0,029) и напряжение кислорода в артериальной крови (ОШ=0,806, 95% ДИ 0,652–0,996), в частной клинике — возраст (ОШ=2,158, 95% ДИ 1,616–2,880, р0,0001), количество антибиотиков (ОШ=1,79, 95% ДИ 1,332–2,406, р=0,0001) и рН (ОШ=0,381, 95% ДИ 0,261–0,555, р0,0001).Заключение. В первой волне пандемии COVID-19 городские, федеральные, частные клиники имели разный состав пациентов, переведенных в ОРИТ. Наиболее значимыми были отличия по половому составу, тяжести пациентов. Результаты лечения также отличались, с наименьшей летальностью в федеральном центре и наибольшей — в городской больнице. Значимыми факторами летального исхода оказались рО₂, рН, количество примененных в процессе лечения антибактериальных препаратов (в некоторых стационарах)

    Heterogeneity of management practices surrounding operable gallbladder cancer – results of the OMEGA-S international HPB surgical survey

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    Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive, uncommon malignancy, with variation in operative approaches adopted across centres and few large-scale studies to guide practice. We aimed to identify the extent of heterogeneity in GBC internationally to better inform the need for future multicentre studies. Methods: A 34-question online survey was disseminated to members of the European-African Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (EAHPBA), American Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (AHPBA) and Asia-Pacific Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (A-PHPBA) regarding practices around diagnostic workup, operative approach, utilization of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies and surveillance strategies. Results: Two hundred and three surgeons responded from 51 countries. High liver resection volume units (>50 resections/year) organised HPB multidisciplinary team discussion of GBCs more commonly than those with low volumes (p < 0.0001). Management practices exhibited areas of heterogeneity, particularly around operative extent. Contrary to consensus guidelines, anatomical liver resections were favoured over non-anatomical resections for T3 tumours and above, lymphadenectomy extent was lower than recommended, and a minority of respondents still routinely excised the common bile duct or port sites. Conclusion: Our findings suggest some similarities in the management of GBC internationally, but also specific areas of practice which differed from published guidelines. Transcontinental collaborative studies on GBC are necessary to establish evidence-based practice to minimise variation and optimise outcomes

    Heterogeneity of management practices surrounding operable gallbladder cancer – results of the OMEGA-S international HPB surgical survey

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