625 research outputs found
Geoecological validation of mechanisms and parameters of physical-chemical processes facilitating the in-depth processing of complex suphide ores and mining wastes
Abstract. The advisability of processing copper-nickel ore dressing tailings of current production has been substantiated. The optimal parameters of metal leaching with sulphuric acid have been determined. In laboratory experiments the geotechnological extraction of non-ferrous metals from a leaching layer representing a tailing material of fraction +0.063 mm has been studied. When investigating the geotechnological processes of nonferrous metal extraction on the basis of two copper-zinc ore deposits located in the Urals, the authors have come to the conclusion that heap leaching is of little use for the ores of the Letneye deposit. Leaching results for the Yaman-Kasy ore have shown more promise. ΠΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ-Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². Π Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ +0.063 ΠΌΠΌ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π£ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π―ΠΌΠ°Π½-ΠΠ°ΡΡ
Neuroendocrine Tumours: a Literature Review
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms with diverse morphology and nomenclature. Well-differentiated NETs were historically termed carcinoid tumours, which entailed abundant confusion and misclassification. Cross body-localised NETs have been described from the central nervous system, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, larynx, thyroid, skin, breast and urogenital system. The evidence on NET prevalence is diverse, with selected sources estimating a 0.5% rate among total malignancies diagnosed. Carcinoid syndrome is a known important associate of NETs. Its presence resulting from the amine and peptide hypersecretion often facilitates the NET diagnosis, and curative surgery becomes a treatment of choice, if technically feasible. Adjuvant therapy is ambiguous. When surgery is impractical due to a usually advanced NET at diagnosis, drug therapy is adopted to relief symptoms and control the disease
Super-Radiant Dynamics, Doorways, and Resonances in Nuclei and Other Open Mesoscopic Systems
The phenomenon of super-radiance (Dicke effect, coherent spontaneous
radiation by a gas of atoms coupled through the common radiation field) is well
known in quantum optics. The review discusses similar physics that emerges in
open and marginally stable quantum many-body systems. In the presence of open
decay channels, the intrinsic states are coupled through the continuum. At
sufficiently strong continuum coupling, the spectrum of resonances undergoes
the restructuring with segregation of very broad super-radiant states and
trapping of remaining long-lived compound states. The appropriate formalism
describing this phenomenon is based on the Feshbach projection method and
effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. A broader generalization is related to the
idea of doorway states connecting quantum states of different structure. The
method is explained in detail and the examples of applications are given to
nuclear, atomic and particle physics. The interrelation of the collective
dynamics through continuum and possible intrinsic many-body chaos is studied,
including universal mesoscopic conductance fluctuations. The theory serves as a
natural framework for general description of a quantum signal transmission
through an open mesoscopic system.Comment: 85 pages, 10 figure
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Aetiology and Mechanisms of Development. A Literature Review
Liver cancer remains a global challenge of healthcare, with the incidence growing worldwide. According to various authors, over 1 million patients will be diagnosed with liver cancer each year by 2025. The molecular pathogenesis of HCC varies with respect to genotoxic lesions and aetiologies. Although our understanding of the HCC pathophysiology and drivers tends to improve, it is still distant from translation into clinical practice. About 25 % of HCC cases are associated with variant mutations. HCC pathophysiology is a complex multi-step process. The interaction of various factors underlies the early stages of malignant hepatocyte transformation towards the development of HCC. Overall, about 20β25 % of HCC patients have at least one potential driver mutation. Obesity should also be noted as being associated with a higher risk of HCC and various other cancers. Despite many issues in the HCC pathogenesis being already known, the unresolved questions remain. Modern molecular genetic diagnostics and animal modelling of malignant tumours are expanding our horizons of knowledge in this field
THE CLINICAL CASE OF SUCCESSFUL OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF COMMINUTED FRACTURED RIBS IN THE PATIENT WITH SEVERE CHEST INJURY
Despite certain achievements in care provision to those with severe chest injury the problem of managing flail chest is far from being resolved. Traditional management includes forced continuous artificial pulmonary ventilation in order to provide internal pneumatic stabilization of the chest. However the results of this approach can not be recognized as satisfactory due to high frequency of complications, need for tracheostomy, long-term stay of such patients in the intensive care department, development of nosocomial infections.Early restoration of the chest carcass with the help of costal valve fixation by the plate with angular stability allows reducing the duration of the artificial pulmonary ventilation and decreasing the frequency of potential respiratory and pleural complications
The interactions between inflammation and insulin resistance: molecular mechanisms in insulin-producing and insulin-dependent tissues
In the modern world the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases. In this light the risks of obesity-associated complications also grow up. The crucial linkage between obesity and its metabolic and cardiovascular complications is inflammatory process. The mechanism of this linkage is similar in pancreas and insulin-dependent tissues both on cells, cell-to-cell communication and signaling pathway levels: the catalysts are different lipids (cholesterol, free fatty acids, triglycerides), which are able to activate Toll-like receptors of innate immunity and inflammation. Nextly, IKK- and JNK-dependent cascades activate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNFa, IL-1b, IL-6 and others, which act by paracrine and autocrine manner and support inflammation both in local and systemic levels. Thus, insulin-producing and insulin-dependent tissues, which are involved in T2DM pathogenesis, through the inflammatory process integrate in pathogenic and self-maintaining cycle, which leads to the suppression of insulin secretion, pancreatic Ξ²-cell failure and the development of insulin-dependent tissues insulin resistance
The interactions between inflammation and insulin resistance: prospects of immunoregulation as a potential approach for the type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment
In the modern world the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases. In this light the risks of obesity-associated complications also grow up. The crucial linkage between obesity and its complications is inflammation, which is a convenient target for potential anti-diabetic therapy. There are some anti-inflammatory therapy strategies: action on secreted cytokines, circulating lipids or intracellular signaling cascades. Canakinumab (antibody to IL-1b receptor) and colchicine (IL-6 secretion blocker) have the most balanced anti-diabetic and cardioprotective action among cytokine anti-inflammatory therapy. Lipid-lowering therapy is very diverse, but bempedoic acid nowadays has the best combination of anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects. Salicylate is an inhibitor of IKK-dependent inflammatory signaling cascade and significantly lowers glycated hemoglobin and C-reactive protein levels among obese patients. The future of anti-inflammatory T2DM therapy can be related with anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-37), chimeric engineered cytokines (IC7Fc), novel inhibitors of inflammatory and cytokines signaling cascades (imatinib, CC90001) and cell-based therapy (mesenchymal stem cells). InΒ summary, despite on the limitations of current clinical trials, anti-inflammatory drugs have a potential to become a part of modern combined T2DM therapy with anti-diabetic and cardioprotective properties. Novel findings in potential anti-inflammatory T2DM therapy have great perspectives in protection against T2DM and related complication prevention
Π Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ° Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°: ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ
Background. Vaginal sarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. Incidence rate of vulvar and vaginal sarcomas ranges from 1 to 3%. Vaginal sarcomas are usually represented by leiomyosarcomas in reproductive-age women. More seldom are soft tissue fibrosarcomas, angiosarcomas, malignant fi brous histiocytomas and alveolar soft tissue sarcomas. Tumours induced by prior radiation therapy deserve special concern. In oncogynaecology, radiation therapy is commonly applied in cervical and endometrial cancer therapy. According to some evidence, average development time of a secondary tumour after completion of radiation therapy is 10.8 years. The relative risk of vaginal cancer increases by a factor of 300 after radiation therapy.Materials and methods. The reported clinical case represents a rare vaginal tumour, angiosarcoma, developed 26 years after radiation therapy for gynaecological cancer.Results and discussion. A 78 years-old patient underwent combined tumourectomy of the posterior vaginal wall with resection of the anterior rectal wall and application of preventive transversostoma. No postoperative complications were observed.Conclusion. Surgical treatment is a method of choice with patients of such kind and allows local containment of the disease.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° β ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ»ΡΠ²Ρ ΠΈ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π»Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ 1 Π΄ΠΎ 3 %. Π ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π Π΅ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ, Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ, Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎ- ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ 10,8 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² 300 ΡΠ°Π· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° β Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 26 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ° 78 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π₯ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π° Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- β¦