171 research outputs found
Mary Wollstonecraft - first philosopher of feminism
Mary Wollstonecraft is sometimes called the âMother of Feminismâ. Basically, all her work is related to women's rights. In her book âA Vindication of the Rights of Womanâ (1792), now considered a classic of feminist history and feminist theory, Mary Wollstonecraft argued primarily for the rights of woman to be educated. Through education would come emancipation
Chronicles of Oklahoma
Article describes the period of time musician and critic Woody Guthrie spent living in Oklahoma through excerpts of correspondence, Guthrie's own recollections, and songs based off of his environment
Haloalkane hydrolysis by Rhodococcus erythropolis cells: Comparison of conventional aqueous phase dehalogenation and nonconventional gas phase dehalogenation
Biofiltration of air polluted by volatile organic compounds is now recognized by the industrial and research communities as an effective and viable alternative to standard environmental technologies. Whereas many studies have focused on solid/liquid/gas biofilters, there have been fewer reports on waste air treatment using other biological processes, especially in a solid/gas biofilter. In this study, a comparison was made of the hydrolysis of
halogenated compounds (such as 1-chlorobutane) by lyophilized Rhodococcus erythropolis cells in a novel solid/
gas biofilter and in the aqueous phase. We first determined
the culture conditions for the production of R. erythropolis
cells with a strong dehalogenase activity. Four different
media were studied and the amount of 1-chlorobutane
was optimized. Next, we report the possibility to use
R. erythropolis cells in a solid/gas biofilter in order to
transform halogenated compounds in corresponding alcohols.
The effect of experimental parameters (total flow into
the biofilter, thermodynamic activity of the substrates,
temperature, carbon chain length of halogenated substrates)
on the activity and stability of lyophilized cells in
the gas phase was determined. A critical water thermodynamic
activity (aw) of 0.4 is necessary for the enzyme to
become active and optimal dehalogenase activity for the
lyophilized cells is obtained for an aw of 0.9. A temperature
of reaction of 40jC represents the best compromise
between stability and activity. Activation energy of the
reaction was determined and found equal to 59.5 KJ/mol.
The pH effect on the dehalogenase activity of R. erythropolis cells was also studied in the gas phase and in the aqueous phase. It was observed that pH 9.0 provided the best activity in both systems. We observed that in the aqueous phase R. erythropolis cells were less sensitive to
the variation in pH than R. erythropolis cells in the gas
phase. Finally, the addition of volatile Lewis base (triethylamine) in the gaseous phase and the action of the lysozyme in order to permeabilize the cells was found to be highly beneficial to the effectiveness of the biofilter
Non-canonical Shedding of TNFα by SPPL2a Is Determined by the Conformational Flexibility of Its Transmembrane Helix
Ectodomain (EC) shedding defines the proteolytic removal of a membrane protein EC and acts as an important molecular switch in signaling and other cellular processes. Using tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α as a model substrate, we identify a non-canonical shedding activity of SPPL2a, an intramembrane cleaving aspartyl protease of the GxGD type. Proline insertions in the TNFα transmembrane (TM) helix strongly increased SPPL2a non-canonical shedding, while leucine mutations decreased this cleavage. Using biophysical and structural analysis, as well as molecular dynamic simulations, we identified a flexible region in the center of the TNFα wildtype TM domain, which plays an important role in the processing of TNFα by SPPL2a. This study combines molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics to provide insights into the dynamic architecture of a substrate\u27s TM helix and its impact on non-canonical shedding. Thus, these data will provide the basis to identify further physiological substrates of non-canonical shedding in the future
Non-canonical shedding of TNFα by SPPL2a is determined by the conformational flexibility of its transmembrane helix
Ectodomain (EC) shedding defines the proteolytic removal of a membrane protein EC and acts as an important molecular switch in signaling and other cellular processes. Using tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α as a model substrate, we identify a non-canonical shedding activity of SPPL2a, an intramembrane cleaving aspartyl protease of the GxGD type. Proline insertions in the TNFα transmembrane (TM) helix strongly increased SPPL2a non-canonical shedding, while leucine mutations decreased this cleavage. Using biophysical and structural analysis, as well as molecular dynamic simulations, we identified a flexible region in the center of the TNFα wildtype TM domain, which plays an important role in the processing of TNFα by SPPL2a. This study combines molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics to provide insights into the dynamic architecture of a substrate\u27s TM helix and its impact on non-canonical shedding. Thus, these data will provide the basis to identify further physiological substrates of non-canonical shedding in the future
Warum ist eine starke Marke wichtig fĂŒr den deutschen Mittelstand?
Eine starke, zukunftsfĂ€hige Marke ist ein wesentlicher Treiber fĂŒr erfolgreiche GeschĂ€ftsmodelle, Produkte und Services â das gilt auch fĂŒr den deutschen Mittelstand. Der Beitrag zeigt, weshalb es fĂŒr den Mittelstand vielversprechend ist, sich eine starke Marke aufzubauen. Denn eines ist mit groĂer Sicherheit zu sagen: MĂ€rkte Ă€ndern sich, starke Marken aber bleiben
The Swiss Approach - feasibility of a national low-dose CT lung cancer screening program.
BACKGROUND
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Switzerland. Despite this, there is no lung cancer screening program in the country. In the United States, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening is partially established and endorsed by guidelines. Moreover, evidence is growing that screening reduces lung cancer-related mortality and this was recently shown in a large European randomized controlled trial. Implementation of a lung cancer screening program, however, is challenging and depends on many country-specific factors. The goal of this article is to outline a potential Swiss lung cancer screening program.
FRAMEWORK
An exhaustive literature review on international screening models as well as interviews and site visits with international experts were initiated. Furthermore, workshops and interviews with national experts and stakeholders were conducted to share experiences and to establish the basis for a national Swiss lung cancer screening program.
SCREENING APPROACH
General practitioners, pulmonologists and the media should be part of the recruitment process. Decentralisation of the screening might lead to a higher adherence rate. To reduce stigmatisation, the screening should be integrated in a "lung health check". Standardisation and a common quality level are mandatory. The PLCOm2012 risk calculation model with a threshold of 1.5% risk for developing cancer in the next six years should be used in addition to established inclusion criteria. Biennial screening is preferred. LUNG RADS and NELSON+ are applied as classification models for lung nodules.
CONCLUSION
Based on data from recent studies, literature research, a health technology assessment, the information gained from this project and a pilot study the Swiss Interest Group for lung cancer screening (CH-LSIG) recommends the timely introduction of a systematic lung cancer screening program in Switzerland. The final decision is for the Swiss Cancer Screening Committee to make
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