The expression of VEGF (a–c) and PEDF (d–f) in implants of control, PEDF-1 and PEDF-5 groups in nude mice.

<p>It shows that CSO-SA/PEDF treatment increases the PEDF expression both in PEDF-1 (b) and PEDF-5 (c) groups significantly compared to controls (a), while decreases the VEGF expression in PEDF-1 (e) group significantly compared to controls (d). (Original magnification ×400).</p

Incubation with CSO-SA/PEDF (24 µl/ml) induced fluorescent TUNEL-positive changes in ECSC nuclei after 48 h and 72 h of treatment.

<p>It shows that apoptotic cells in ECSC (d) increases significantly after 48 h (b) and 72 h (c) of treatment comapred to controls (a). (original magnification ×200).</p

The survival ratio of ECSCs after treatment with CSO-SA/PEDF complex, the number of surviving cells decreased significantly with increasing amounts of CSO-SA/PEDF.

<p>The survival ratio of ECSCs after treatment with CSO-SA/PEDF complex, the number of surviving cells decreased significantly with increasing amounts of CSO-SA/PEDF.</p

The mean of volumes of the endometriosis foci in each group (PEDF-1: CSO-SA/PEDF group when treatment was initiated on postoperative day 1; PEDF-5: CSO-SA/PEDF group when treatment was initiated on postoperative day 5).

<p>The mean of volumes of the endometriosis foci in each group (PEDF-1: CSO-SA/PEDF group when treatment was initiated on postoperative day 1; PEDF-5: CSO-SA/PEDF group when treatment was initiated on postoperative day 5).</p

PEDF and VEGF expressions in endometriotic lesions in the treated and control groups.

#<p>PEDF-1 and 5: Mice treated with PEDF gene on day 1 and 5 after transplantation.</p>*<p>Indicate significant difference (p<i><</i>0.05, versus control).</p

Histopathologic examination of endometriosis lesions (stain: hematoxylin and eosin; magnification × 200).

<p>It shows abundant glands and stroma in the control group (a). Gland and stromal structure in PEDF-1(c) and PEDF-5 groups (b) are smaller than that in control group.</p

Histopathologic scores, microvessel density and cell apoptosis in endometriotic lesions in the treated and control groups.

#<p>PEDF-1 and 5: Mice treated with PEDF gene on day 1 and 5 after transplantation.</p>##<p>HS = histopathologic score.</p>*<p>Indicate significant difference (p<i><</i>0.05, versus control).</p

Microvessel density (MVD) of implants stained with α-SMA (a–c) and vWF (d–f) in control, PEDF-5 and PEDF-1 groups (Original magnification ×400).

<p>There is no difference between control (a) and PEDF-treated groups (b, c) in α-SMA labeled MVD, while MVD labeled by vWF in the PEDF-1 group (f) is significantly reduced compared to control group (d).</p

The distribution of FITC labeled CSO-SA/PEDF in endometriosis lesions (a-d), ovary (e-h) and uterus (i-l) at different time points (1, 4, 24, 48 h).

<p>The distribution of FITC labeled CSO-SA/PEDF in endometriosis lesions (a-d), ovary (e-h) and uterus (i-l) at different time points (1, 4, 24, 48 h).</p

The distribution of CSO-SA/PEDF-FITC in ESCs after transfection for 1, 4, 8 and 16 h.

<p>The distribution of CSO-SA/PEDF-FITC in ESCs after transfection for 1, 4, 8 and 16 h.</p