Comprendre les nuances des Waishengren

À la fin des années 1940 et au début de la décennie 1950, le monde a assisté à un exode massif de réfugiés politiques fuyant la Chine après la guerre civile. Ceux qui ont suivi le Kuomintang et trouvé refuge à Taiwan ont été appelés « continentaux » ou « waishengren». Cet article offre une analyse des recherches de ces dernières décennies sur les waishengren, faisant ressortir les divers angles d’approche et le contexte politique et social qui a permis leur développement. En conclusion, l’article propose un nouveau programme de recherche se fondant sur l’étude des migrations et de l’analyse historico-sociologique. Cette nouvelle approche met en avant l’importance tant de l’histoire que de l’autonomie des acteurs pour l’étude des waishengrenà Taiwan

Video Timeline Modeling For News Story Understanding

In this paper, we present a novel problem, namely video timeline modeling. Our objective is to create a video-associated timeline from a set of videos related to a specific topic, thereby facilitating the content and structure understanding of the story being told. This problem has significant potential in various real-world applications, such as news story summarization. To bootstrap research in this area, we curate a realistic benchmark dataset, YouTube-News-Timeline, consisting of over $12$k timelines and $300$k YouTube news videos. Additionally, we propose a set of quantitative metrics as the protocol to comprehensively evaluate and compare methodologies. With such a testbed, we further develop and benchmark exploratory deep learning approaches to tackle this problem. We anticipate that this exploratory work will pave the way for further research in video timeline modeling. The assets are available via https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/video_timeline_modeling.Comment: Accepted as a spotlight by NeurIPS 2023, Track on Datasets and Benchmark

Enteric bacterial loads are associated with interleukin-6 levels in systemic inflammatory response syndrome patients

AbstractBackgroundLoss of intestinal integrity is a critical contributor to excessive inflammation following severe trauma or major surgery. In the case of enterocyte damage, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) is released into the extracellular space. Excessive production of interleukin (IL)-6 can induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, the correlation of IL-6 with gut barrier failure and bacterial translocation in critically ill patients has not been well characterized.PurposesTo define the relationship between enteric bacterial loads and IL-6 levels in patients with SIRS.MethodsVariables related to prognosis and treatment were measured in 85 patients with SIRS upon admission to the emergency room. IL-6 and IFABP were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Enteric bacterial loads in blood were measured through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for enteric bacteria.ResultsMultivariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between enteric bacterial loads and IL-6 levels in blood. Elevated IFABP concentration was associated with low blood pressure, high respiration rate, hyperglycemia, and high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. Elevated C-reactive protein concentrations were associated with higher soluble CD14 levels in blood.ConclusionEnterocyte damage is associated with hypotension and tachypnia in patients with SIRS. Gut function failure may permit enteric bacteria to enter the blood, thereby elevating IL-6 levels and inducing a systemic inflammatory response, resulting in multiple organ failure

Potassium {4-[(3S,6S,9S)-3,6-dibenzyl-9-isopropyl-4,7,10-trioxo-11–oxa-2,5,8-triazadodecyl]phenyl}trifluoroborate

[[abstract]]The reported compound 4 was synthesized and fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 11B NMR, 19F NMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry.[[booktype]]電子版[[countrycodes]]CH

A splicing isoform of TEAD4 attenuates the Hippo–YAP signalling to inhibit tumour proliferation

Aberrant splicing is frequently found in cancer, yet the biological consequences of such alterations are mostly undefined. Here we report that the Hippo–YAP signalling, a key pathway that regulates cell proliferation and organ size, is under control of a splicing switch. We show that TEAD4, the transcription factor that mediates Hippo–YAP signalling, undergoes alternative splicing facilitated by the tumour suppressor RBM4, producing a truncated isoform, TEAD4-S, which lacks an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, but maintains YAP interaction domain. TEAD4-S is located in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, acting as a dominant negative isoform to YAP activity. Consistently, TEAD4-S is reduced in cancer cells, and its re-expression suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting tumour growth in xenograft mouse models. Furthermore, TEAD4-S is reduced in human cancers, and patients with elevated TEAD4-S levels have improved survival. Altogether, these data reveal a splicing switch that serves to fine tune the Hippo–YAP pathway

Authoritarianism in the Living Room: Everyday Disciplines, Senses, and Morality in Taiwan’s Military Villages

With the nationalist government – Kuomintang (KMT) – retreating from mainland China in 1949, some 600,000 military personnel relocated to Taiwan. The military seized former Japanese colonial properties and built its own settlements, establishing temporary military dependents’ villages called juancun (眷村). When the prospect of counter-attacking the mainland vanished, the KMT had to face the reality of settling permanently in Taiwan. How, then, did the KMT’s authoritarian power enter the everyday lives of its own support group? In this article I will focus on the coercive elements of KMT authoritarianism, which permeated these military villages in Taiwan. I will look at the coercive mechanisms through the analytical lens of Foucauldian discipline. I argue that disciplinary techniques such as surveillance, disciplining of the body and the senses, as well as the creation of morality regimes played an important role in the cooptation of village residents into KMT authoritarianism by normalising and naturalising it

Vancomycin-Loaded Nanoparticles Enhance Sporicidal and Antibacterial Efficacy for Clostridium difficile Infection

Current antibiotic treatments fail to eliminate the Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) spores and induce dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation via off-target effect, which causes refractory C. difficile infection raise an unmet need for a spore-specific antimicrobial treatment. We developed a sporicidal and antimicrobial vancomycin-loaded spore-targeting iron oxide nanoparticle (van-IONP) that selectively binds to C. difficile spores. Cryo-electron microscopy showed that vancomycin-loaded nanoparticles can target and completely cover spore surfaces. They not only successfully delayed the germination of the spores but also inhibited ∼50% of vegetative cell outgrowth after 48 h of incubation. The van-IONPs also inhibited the interaction of spores with HT-29 intestinal mucosal cells in vitro. In a murine model of C. difficile infection, the van-IONP significantly protected the mice from infected by C. difficile infection, reducing intestinal inflammation, and facilitated superior mucosal viability compared with equal doses of free vancomycin. This dual-function targeted delivery therapy showed advantages over traditional therapeutics in treating C. difficile infection

Acetylome of acinetobacter baumannii SK17 reveals a highly-conserved modification of histone-like protein HU

Lysine acetylation is a prevalent post-translational modification in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Whereas this modification is known to play pivotal roles in eukaryotes, the function and extent of this modification in prokaryotic cells remain largely unexplored. Here we report the acetylome of a pair of antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii SK17-S and SK17-R. A total of 145 lysine acetylation sites on 125 proteins was identified, and there are 23 acetylated proteins found in both strains, including histone-like protein HU which was found to be acetylated at Lys13. HU is a dimeric DNA-binding protein critical for maintaining chromosomal architecture and other DNA-dependent functions. To analyze the effects of site-specific acetylation, homogenously Lys13-acetylated HU protein, HU(K13ac) was prepared by genetic code expansion. Whilst not exerting an obvious effect on the oligomeric state, Lys13 acetylation alters both the thermal stability and DNA binding kinetics of HU. Accordingly, this modification likely destabilizes the chromosome structure and regulates bacterial gene transcription. This work indicates that acetyllysine plays an important role in bacterial epigenetics