Demographic characteristics of participant mothers and their newborns.

<p>Abbreviation: SD = standard deviation; BMI = body mass index; Apgar = Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration</p><p>Demographic characteristics of participant mothers and their newborns.</p

Multivariate-adjusted differences^a in anthropometric and metabolic parameters associated with sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in adolescents.

<p><b>Abbreviations</b>: aDiff., adjusted difference; SE, standard error; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RBP4, retinol-binding protein 4;</p>*<p>, <i>P</i><0.05.</p>a<p>Multivariate models were adjusted for age, gender, study area, physical activity, total calories, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking. Non-drinkers were the reference group.</p>b<p>Adjusted means reflect the estimated predictions when covariates were set as mean values.</p>c<p>Overweight (BMI≥24 to <27 kg/m²) and obesity (BMI≥27 kg/m²) are determined according to the criteria defined by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan of Taiwan.</p

Correlations of retinol-binding protein 4 (ng/ml) with anthropometric and metabolic outcomes associated with the type of sugar-sweetened beverage consumed by adolescents.

<p><b>Abbreviations:</b> HFCS, high-fructose corn syrup; HSD, hand-shaken sugar-containing drink; BSD, bottled sugar-containing drink; <i>r</i>, correlation coefficient;</p>*<p>, <i>P</i><0.05.</p>a<p>HSD is only sweetened with HFCS, and BSD is sweetened with sucrose and/or HFCS.</p

Multivariate-adjusted differences in triglyceride and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) associated with the type and amount of sugar-sweetened beverage consumed by adolescents.

<p><b>Abbreviations</b>: aDiff., adjusted difference; HFCS, high-fructose corn syrup; HSD, hand-shaken sugar-containing drink; BSD, bottled sugar-containing drink;</p>*<p>, <i>P</i><0.05.</p>a<p>Model I was adjusted for age, gender, study area, physical activity, total calories, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking.</p>b<p>Model IIA: Model I was additionally adjusted for body mass index. Model IIB: Model I was additionally adjusted for uric acid.</p>c<p>Effect change (EC) associated with the inclusion of an additional covariate into model I.</p>d<p>HSD is only sweetened with HFCS, and BSD is sweetened with sucrose and/or HFCS.</p>e<p><i>P</i> values for dose-response trends were obtained based on the groups of non-drinkers, 1–500 ml/day and >500 ml/day drinkers.</p

Cause-specific mortality by smoking status (N = 162,098).

<p>^a. PYs: person-years</p><p>^b. incidence: number per 100,000 person-years.</p><p>The difference of incidence in specific causes of deaths between smoker and non-smoker group were calculated using Wilcox (Gehan) Statistic by survival life table analysis.</p><p>Cause-specific mortality by smoking status (N = 162,098).</p