266 research outputs found
Scrambling and thermalization in a diffusive quantum many-body system
Out-of-time ordered (OTO) correlation functions describe scrambling of
information in correlated quantum matter. They are of particular interest in
incoherent quantum systems lacking well defined quasi-particles. Thus far, it
is largely elusive how OTO correlators spread in incoherent systems with
diffusive transport governed by a few globally conserved quantities. Here, we
study the dynamical response of such a system using high-performance
matrix-product-operator techniques. Specifically, we consider the
non-integrable, one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the incoherent
high-temperature regime. Our system exhibits diffusive dynamics in time-ordered
correlators of globally conserved quantities, whereas OTO correlators display a
ballistic, light-cone spreading of quantum information. The slowest process in
the global thermalization of the system is thus diffusive, yet information
spreading is not inhibited by such slow dynamics. We furthermore develop an
experimentally feasible protocol to overcome some challenges faced by existing
proposals and to probe time-ordered and OTO correlation functions. Our study
opens new avenues for both the theoretical and experimental exploration of
thermalization and information scrambling dynamics.Comment: 7+4 pages, 8+3 figures; streamlined versio
Density functional theory for strongly-correlated bosonic and fermionic ultracold dipolar and ionic gases
We introduce a density functional formalism to study the ground-state
properties of strongly-correlated dipolar and ionic ultracold bosonic and
fermionic gases, based on the self-consistent combination of the weak and the
strong coupling limits. Contrary to conventional density functional approaches,
our formalism does not require a previous calculation of the interacting
homogeneous gas, and it is thus very suitable to treat systems with tunable
long-range interactions. Due to its asymptotic exactness in the regime of
strong correlation, the formalism works for systems in which standard
mean-field theories fail.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Efficient Algorithm for Asymptotics-Based Configuration-Interaction Methods and Electronic Structure of Transition Metal Atoms
Asymptotics-based configuration-interaction (CI) methods [G. Friesecke and B.
D. Goddard, Multiscale Model. Simul. 7, 1876 (2009)] are a class of CI methods
for atoms which reproduce, at fixed finite subspace dimension, the exact
Schr\"odinger eigenstates in the limit of fixed electron number and large
nuclear charge. Here we develop, implement, and apply to 3d transition metal
atoms an efficient and accurate algorithm for asymptotics-based CI.
Efficiency gains come from exact (symbolic) decomposition of the CI space
into irreducible symmetry subspaces at essentially linear computational cost in
the number of radial subshells with fixed angular momentum, use of reduced
density matrices in order to avoid having to store wavefunctions, and use of
Slater-type orbitals (STO's). The required Coulomb integrals for STO's are
evaluated in closed form, with the help of Hankel matrices, Fourier analysis,
and residue calculus.
Applications to 3d transition metal atoms are in good agreement with
experimental data. In particular we reproduce the anomalous magnetic moment and
orbital filling of Chromium in the otherwise regular series Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur
Geometrization of the Gauge Connection within a Kaluza-Klein Theory
Within the framework of a Kaluza-Klein theory, we provide the geometrization
of a generic (Abelian and non-Abelian) gauge coupling, which comes out by
choosing a suitable matter fields dependence on the extra-coordinates.
We start by the extension of the Nother theorem to a multidimensional
spacetime being the direct sum of a 4-dimensional Minkowski space and of a
compact homogeneous manifold (whose isometries reflect the gauge symmetry); we
show, how on such a ``vacuum'' configuration, the extra-dimensional components
of the field momentum correspond to the gauge charges. Then we analyze the
structure of a Dirac algebra as referred to a spacetime with the Kaluza-Klein
restrictions and, by splitting the corresponding free-field Lagrangian, we show
how the gauge coupling terms outcome.Comment: 10 pages, no figure, to appear on Int. Journ. Theor. Phy
Long-term and trans-generational effects of neonatal experience on sheep behaviour
Early life experiences can have profound long-term, and sometimes trans-generational, effects on individual phenotypes. However, there is a relative paucity of knowledge about effects on pain sensitivity, even though these may impact on an individual's health and welfare, particularly in farm animals exposed to painful husbandry procedures. Here, we tested in sheep whether neonatal painful and non-painful challenges can alter pain sensitivity in adult life, and also in the next generation. Ewes exposed to tail-docking or a simulated mild infection (lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) on days 3–4 of life showed higher levels of pain-related behaviour when giving birth as adults compared with control animals. LPS-treated ewes also gave birth to lambs who showed decreased pain sensitivity in standardized tests during days 2–3 of life. Our results demonstrate long-term and trans-generational effects of neonatal experience on pain responses in a commercially important species and suggest that variations in early life management can have important implications for animal health and welfare
Large Lemurs:Ecological, Demographic and Environmental Risk Factors for Weight Gain in Captivity
Current desires of conspecific observers affect cache-protection strategies in California scrub-jays and Eurasian jays
Many corvid species accurately remember the locations where they have seen others cache food, allowing them to pilfer these caches efficiently once the cachers have left the scene [1] . To protect their caches, corvids employ a suite of different cache-protection strategies that limit the observers’ visual or acoustic access to the cache site [2,3] . In cases where an observer’s sensory access cannot be reduced it has been suggested that cachers might be able to minimise the risk of pilfering if they avoid caching food the observer is most motivated to pilfer [4] . In the wild, corvids have been reported to pilfer others’ caches as soon as possible after the caching event [5] , such that the cacher might benefit from adjusting its caching behaviour according to the observer’s current desire. In the current study, observers pilfered according to their current desire: they preferentially pilfered food that they were not sated on. Cachers adjusted their caching behaviour accordingly: they protected their caches by selectively caching food that observers were not motivated to pilfer. The same cache-protection behaviour was found when cachers could not see on which food the observers were sated. Thus, the cachers’ ability to respond to the observer’s desire might have been driven by the observer’s behaviour at the time of caching.We thank the BBSRC, the ERC and the Leverhulme Trust for funding the research. K.F.B., F.L. and C.D. were funded by ERASMUS scholarships
Can male Eurasian jays disengage from their own current desire to feed the female what she wants?
Humans' predictions of another person's behaviour are regularly influenced by what they themselves might know or want. In a previous study, we found that male Eurasian jays (Garrulus glandarius) could cater for their female partner's current desire when sharing food with her. Here, we tested the extent to which the males' decisions are influenced by their own current desire. When the males' and female's desires matched, males correctly shared the food that was desired by both. When the female's desire differed from their own, the males' decisions were not entirely driven by their own desires, suggesting that males also took the female's desire into account. Thus, the male jays' decisions about their mates' desires are partially biased by their own desire and might be based upon similar processes as those found in humans
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