Análise ex-ante do Programa Bolsa Família

Essa dissertação investiga quais os efeitos da seleção adversa sobre os custos sociais do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Para tanto, elaborou-se um modelo de principal-agente, com existência, ex-ante, de investigação, em que o principal (Governo Federal) não pode comprometer-se, ex-post, a investigar. Considerou-se que agente (potencial beneficiário do PBF) que precisa do programa recebe o beneficio e aqueles que cometem fraude, quando flagrados, pagam uma multa ( ) que é transferido integramente ao principal. Na presença de tais condições simulou-se vários tipos de cenários- (a) o principal conhecendo o tipo de cada agente, (b) O principal desconhecendo sobre os tipos. Os principais resultados encontrados foram- (i) a política adotada pelo Governo promove o incentivo à fraude, (ii )no equilíbrio, do jogo de informação incompleta, sempre há fraude, (iii ) os custos, por família, do PBF são maiores na presença da assimetria de informação.

Numerical analysis of isolated end-flattened steel bars under compression in space trusses

This research aims to characterize the behavior of isolated end-flattened steel bars under compressive loading, in which global instabilities or excessive local deformations represent a significant part of the causes of structural collapse. The association of numerical analyses using the finite element method (FEM) with previously collected experimental data is performed, and their respective results are the core object of critical analysis in this work. Numerical simulations are based on the modified Riks method, complemented in part by modal analysis, whose results demonstrate the occurrence of the aforementioned failure modes in prototypes with slenderness ratios varying in the spectrum from 20 to 200. Finally, the analytical formulations that describe the phenomenon from the approach of global and local instabilities incorporated into current normative expressions are applied in a comparison with the results gathered in the numerical approach

Política do IBAMA para Produtores de Carvão com Plano de Manejo Florestal no Semi-Árido Nordestino: Uma Análise pela Abordagem Principal-Agente

A vegetação de caatinga, usada para produção de lenha e carvão, resulta em renda para as famílias rurais da região Nordeste. O Ibama cogitou o cancelamento da isenção de taxa de vistoria aos produtores de carvão com plano de manejo florestal. O modelo principal-agente desenvolvido enfatiza que a probabilidade de um produtor desmatar além do limite estabelecido no plano de manejo depende da pena estipulada pelo principal (Ibama) para tal infração. Simulações indicaram que a isenção da taxa pode reduzir sensivelmente a probabilidade de desmatamento além do limite pré-estabelecido, quando existem situações favoráveis à obtenção de receitas em outras atividades.Principal-Agente, Preservação Ambiental, Ibama, Produtores de Carvão

REPRESENTAÇÃO DO RELEVO SUBMERSO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS SOB A PONTE JK POR AQUISIÇÃO E PROCESSAMENTO DE DADOS EM LEVANTAMENTO BATIMÉTRICO MONOFEIXE

Since the mid-nineteenth century, man has been trying to improve their knowledge of the seabed. At present, this study is necessary in hydraulic works, both in determining how to monitor the areas to be dredged, in the lease of gas pipelines and transoceanic cables, oil exploration and other mineral resources in research, monitoring processes erosion or siltation, navigation, monitoring bridges and environmental preservation. For investigation of submerged areas, be they shallow or deep, the bathymetric acoustic method generates a number or numerical database mapped able to define the surface morphology and identify structural elements of a bridge, for example, as adopted to the bridge JK in Brasilia. Still, the treatment of numerical arrays acquired allow mathematical adjustments in order to correct data by field collection enforcement issues can distort or generate incomplete information. Thus, the method helps many constructive processes of engineering with precision required in relation to interference or submerged elements necessary IDs

ANÁLISE DE TENSÕES INTERNAS EM SISTEMAS DE REVESTIMENTOS CERÂMICOS DE FACHADAS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL DEVIDO A CARREGAMENTOS TÉRMICOS UTILIZANDO MODELAGEM MEF 3D

Some regions of Brazil are subjected to thermal variations of such level where tensions generated by these loads lead to a low efficiency of ceramic tile systems on the facades. The Federal District is one of those regions where temperatures in some seasons outweigh the treated and established a rule. Because of that this work develops a model of a complete system 3D of a ceramic coating on the facade, with the adoption of physical characteristics and actual thermal conditions measured with support from the National Institute of Meteorologia- INMET, thus evaluating the spread of these tensions to long layers of this type of system the same way that its resistance to adhesion

Maintenance and Growth Requirements in Male Dorper × Santa Ines Lambs

The aim of this study was to estimate the energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth of lambs. A total of 35 crossbreed Dorper × Santa Ines lambs [31 ± 1.28 kg of initial body weight (BW) and 4 months old] were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments groups (ad libitum, 30 and 60% of feed restriction). Five lambs were slaughtered at the beginning of the experimental trial as a reference group to estimate the initial empty BW (EBW) and body composition. When the animals of the ad libitum treatment reached a BW average of 47.2 kg, at day 84 of trial, all lambs were slaughtered. The feed restriction promoted reduction in body fat (P < 0.001) and energy concentration (P < 0.001), while protein showed a quadratic response (P = 0.05). The equations obtained for NEg and NPg requirements were 0.2984 × EBW0.75 × EBWG0.8069 and 248.617 × EBW−0.15546, respectively. The net energy (NEm) and protein (NPm) for maintenance were 71.00 kcal/kg EBW0.75/day and 1.76 g/kg EBW0.75/day, respectively. In conclusion, the NEg and NPg requirement for lambs with 30 kg of BW and 200 g of average daily gain (ADG) were 0.736 Mcal/day and 24.38 g/day, respectively. Our findings indicate that the NEm for crossbreed Dorper × Santa Ines lambs is similar to those recommended by the international committees; however, we support the hypothesis that the requirements for gain are lower

Nasal polyposis : more than a chronic inflammatory disorder : a disease of mechanical dysfunction : the São Paulo position

Introduction The importance of our study lies in the fact that we have demonstrated the occurrence of mechanical dysfunction within polypoid tissues, which promotes the development of polyps in the nasal cavity. Objective To change the paradigm of nasal polyposis (NP). In this new conception, the chronic nasal inflammatory process that occurs in response to allergies, to pollution, to changes in the epithelial barrier, or to other factors is merely the trigger of the development of the disease in individuals with a genetic predisposition to an abnormal tissue remodeling process, which leads to a derangement of the mechanical properties of the nasal mucosa and, consequently, allows it to grow unchecked. Data Synthesis We propose a fundamentally new approach to intervening in the pathological process of NP, addressing biomechanical properties, fluid dynamics, and the concept of surface tension. Conclusion The incorporation of biomechanical knowledge into our understanding of NP provides a new perspective to help elucidate the physiology and the pathology of nasal polyps, and new avenues for the treatment and cure of NP