Análise comparativa das cirurgias torácicas nas regiões do Brasil nos últimos 12 anos: um estudo observacional e descritivo

The objective of this study is to analyze the comparison of the numbers and amounts spent per hospitalization, mortality rates, average days of stay and number of deaths between the regions of Brazil, with regard to thoracic surgeries arising from the Unified Health System. This is a descriptive observational study, using data collected at the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), together with Health Information (TABNET) in the tab "SUS Hospital Procedures - By Place of Hospitalization - Brazil", covering all the regions of Brazil, referring to patients who underwent thoracic surgeries between the period 2010 to 2022. The variables analyzed were: Admissions, Average Stay, Deaths, Mortality Rate, Average AIH Value and Total Value. From the data obtained, a discrepancy was evident between the mean values ​​of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates in thoracic surgical procedures throughout Brazil. Technological levels and financial investments are being put to the test in relation to Brazilian thoracic surgery, as the North region proposed the lowest mortality rate and the lowest investment per hospitalization, compared to the others.  El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la comparación de los números y valores gastados por hospitalización, tasas de mortalidad, promedio de días de estancia y número de muertes entre las regiones de Brasil, en lo que respecta a las cirugías torácicas provenientes del Sistema Único de Salud. estudio observacional descriptivo, utilizando datos recolectados en el Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud (DATASUS), junto con Información de Salud (TABNET) en la pestaña "Trámites Hospitalarios SUS - Por Lugar de Hospitalización - Brasil", abarcando todas las regiones de Brasil, referente a los pacientes que se sometieron a cirugías torácicas entre el período 2010 a 2022. Las variables analizadas fueron: Ingresos, Estancia Promedio, Defunciones, Tasa de Mortalidad, Valor Promedio de AIH y Valor Total. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se evidenció una discrepancia entre los valores medios de hospitalizaciones, muertes y tasas de mortalidad en procedimientos quirúrgicos torácicos en todo Brasil. Los niveles tecnológicos y las inversiones financieras están siendo puestos a prueba en relación a la cirugía torácica brasileña, ya que la región Norte propuso la menor tasa de mortalidad y la menor inversión por hospitalización, en comparación con las demás.Objetiva-se, neste estudo, Analisar a comparação dos números e valores gastos por internação, taxas de mortalidade, médias de dias de permanência e quantidade de óbitos entre as regiões do Brasil, no que tange as cirurgias torácicas advindas do Sistema Único de Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo, utilizando dados coletados no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), juntamente às Informações de Saúde (TABNET) na aba “Procedimentos Hospitalares do SUS – Por Local de Internação – Brasil” abrangendo todas as regiões do Brasil, referentes aos pacientes que realizaram cirurgias torácicas entre o período de 2010 a 2022. As variáveis analisadas foram: Internações, Média de Permanência, Óbitos, Taxa de Mortalidade, Valor Médio AIH e Valor Total. A partir dos dados obtidos, evidenciou-se uma discrepância entre os valores médios de internações, óbitos e taxas de mortalidades nos procedimentos cirúrgicos torácicos em todo Brasil. Os níveis tecnológicos e investimentos financeiros estão sendo levados a prova em relação à cirurgia torácica brasileira, pois a região Norte propôs a menor taxa de mortalidade e o menor investimento por internação, em comparação às demais

Testing a new algorithm for isometric embedding of black hole horizons

Isometric Embedding is a classic problem in differential geometry and general relativity that involves constructing a surface in Euclidean space described by a metric tensor. The results from this problem have a long history for visualization, but are also relevant for calculating quantities like black hole mass and energy. Unfortunately, in general scenarios, this problem requires a solver capable of handling a system of strongly nonlinear and nonstandard PDEs, for which there is no generally established algorithm. We have explored a radically new approach to the embedding problem, applying it to a variety of specific test cases and confirming that the results converge as expected and agree with results obtained analytically and by other algorithms. This poster presents the results of a finite-difference-based C++ code that we have written to implement and test this novel algorithm

Numerical solution of differential equations for analyzing black hole event horizons

We present a solver capable of numerically computing the solution to a system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). Our long-term goal is to solve the embedding problem of a black hole horizon in Euclidean space by adding this solver to the Spectral Einstein Code (SpEC). Knowing that the PDEs involved in this problem are strongly nonlinear and nonstandard, we have used simple models of varying complexity to approximate the embedding conditions at each version. Current results imply a robust and efficient method combining the Newton-Raphson method (N-R) for the nonlinear equations and a generalized version of the biconjugate gradient stabilized method (BiCGSTAB) for the linear equations at each step of N-R

New algorithm for isometric embedding of black hole horizons

Isometric Embedding is a classic problem in differential geometry and general relativity that involves constructing a surface in Euclidean space described by a metric tensor. The results from this problem have a long history for visualization, but are also relevant for calculating quantities like black hole mass and energy. Unfortunately, in general scenarios, this problem requires a solver capable of handling a system of strongly nonlinear and nonstandard PDEs, for which there is no generally established algorithm. We have explored a radically new approach to the embedding problem, applying it to a variety of specific test cases and confirming that the results converge as expected and agree with results obtained analytically and by other algorithms. This presentation describes this novel algorithm and results of a finite-difference-based C++ code that we have written to implement and test it

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora