Analytical Strategies for Fingerprinting of Antioxidants, Nutritional Substances, and Bioactive Compounds in Foodstuffs Based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Overview

New technology development and globalisation have led to extreme changes in the agri-food sector in recent years that need an important food supply chain characterisation from plant materials to commercial productions. Many analytical strategies are commonly utilised in the agri-food industry, often using complementary technologies with different purposes. Chromatography on-line coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most selective and sensitive analytical methodologies. The purpose of this overview is to present the most recent MS-based techniques applied to food analysis. An entire section is dedicated to the recent applications of high-resolution MS. Covered topics include liquid (LC)– and gas chromatography (GC)–MS analysis of natural bioactive substances, including carbohydrates, flavonoids and related compounds, lipids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and other different molecules in foodstuffs from the perspectives of food composition, food authenticity and food adulteration. The results represent an important contribution to the utilisation of GC–MS and LC–MS in the field of natural bioactive compound identification and quantification

Effect of genotype, medium and light on in vitro plant proliferation of <i>Vaccinium</i> spp.

<p>The aim of this study was to investigate how growing conditions and media enhance blueberry proliferation. The effects of combinations of five <i>Vaccinium</i> spp. genotypes, two growing conditions and four proliferation media on plant growth were investigated. For shoot length and number of shoots, the factor responsible for the majority of the variance was the medium (13% and 22%, respectively). For callus size, the factor that caused the majority of the variation was genotype (22%). The medium that induced the longest shoot was ½MS0.3Z, while the medium that produced the highest number of nodes and the highest number of shoots was ½MS2Z. Genotypes ‘Blue Bayou’ and ‘Centra Blue’ produced an increased amount of callus over time, whereas the ‘unreleased selection’ genotype produced the least amount of callus. The genotype with the highest total plant fresh weight after 90 days was ‘Blue Bayou’ on WPM2Z medium in high light conditions.</p

Genetic, phenotypic and pathogenic diversity among xanthomonads isolated from pistachio (Pistacia vera) in Australia

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comRepetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR), sequencing of the 16S−23S rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), biochemical and physiological tests, the Biolog microplate system, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of whole-cell proteins, and pathogenicity tests were used to characterize variability among xanthomonads isolated from pistachio trees suffering from bacterial dieback in four regions of Australia. ITS sequencing and rep-PCR revealed two distinct genotypes among the strains. The ITS sequencing suggested that the pistachio strains were closely related to Xanthomonas translucens pathovars, in particular X. translucens pv. poae. Results of physiological and biochemical tests, as well as Biolog microplate analysis and protein profiling, confirmed the existence of two groups. Furthermore, pathogenicity and host-range studies indicated that the two groups were biologically different. There was an association between the two groups and the geographical origin of the strains